原文:http://my.oschina.net/guol/blog/105430

openstack官方有提供api供开发者使用，可以使用api做一些外围的小工具，用来简化对openstack的管理。

api-quickstart:http://docs.openstack.org/api/quick-start/content/index.html

api-doc:http://api.openstack.org/api-ref.html

环境：ubuntu12.10(10.1.1.186)

如果你看了官方的quickstart，他会让你先生成一个X-Auth-Token值，然后使用这个认证的值调用相关的api接口。如下过程：

1 curl -k -X 'POST' -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tokens -d '{"auth":{"passwordCredentials":{"username": "guol", "password":"123456"}}}' -H 'Content-type: application/json' | python -mjson.tool

输出结果如下：

01 {
02     "access": {
03         "serviceCatalog": {},
04         "token": {
05             "expires": "2013-01-27T04:55:35Z",
06             "id": "a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e"
07         },
08         "user": {
09             "id": "4c1a6122fc874a8bb541a34be3b316ad",
10             "name": "guol",
11             "roles": [],
12             "roles_links": [],
13             "username": "guol"
14         }
15     }
16 }

然后使用token id调用你使用的api

1 curl -X 'GET' -H  "X-Auth-Token:a4b6a871ff2f41a797c0b7d45c69f81e" -v http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0/tenants | python -mjson.tool

输出的结果如下：

01 {
02     "tenants": [
03         {
04             "description": "\u4e91\u5e73\u53f0\u7ba1\u7406\u5458,\u5168\u5c40\u7ba1\u7406\u6240\u6709\u9879\u76ee",
05             "enabled": true,
06             "id": "3a3613f83183435d9c47aa362261f720",
07             "name": "admin"
08         }
09     ],
10     "tenants_links": []
11 }

当你按照api-doc接着调用compute、image、volume等下面的api接口时，会发现统统没有返回值，经过一段时间的摸索，发现对下剩下的api接口是需要使用认证过的token才能使用的，下面的方法才是王道。

获取认证token值

1 curl -X POST -d  '{"auth": {"tenantName": "VM", "passwordCredentials":{"username": "admin", "password": "123456"}}}' -H "Content-type: application/json" http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0/tokens | python -mjson.tool

返回值如下：

001 {
002     "access": {
003         "metadata": {
004             "is_admin": 0,
005             "roles": [
006                 "141927156f7a47d98858e51febaea8cf"
007             ]
008         },
009         "serviceCatalog": [
010             {
011                 "endpoints": [
012                     {
013                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
014                         "id": "e02aaf58a24641049fddfe7385ce9399",
015                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
016                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
017                         "region": "RegionOne"
018                     }
019                 ],
020                 "endpoints_links": [],
021                 "name": "nova",
022                 "type": "compute"
023             },
024             {
025                 "endpoints": [
026                     {
027                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
028                         "id": "7c48fa4d876d44e0a3cb324a45a14931",
029                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
030                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:9292/v1",
031                         "region": "RegionOne"
032                     }
033                 ],
034                 "endpoints_links": [],
035                 "name": "glance",
036                 "type": "image"
037             },
038             {
039                 "endpoints": [
040                     {
041                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
042                         "id": "c08114987bc0443d879436db6290dd08",
043                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
044                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8776/v1/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
045                         "region": "RegionOne"
046                     }
047                 ],
048                 "endpoints_links": [],
049                 "name": "volume",
050                 "type": "volume"
051             },
052             {
053                 "endpoints": [
054                     {
055                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Admin",
056                         "id": "cd6c3c2ac44340d6a78cb903ec9bcab3",
057                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",
058                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8773/services/Cloud",
059                         "region": "RegionOne"
060                     }
061                 ],
062                 "endpoints_links": [],
063                 "name": "ec2",
064                 "type": "ec2"
065             },
066             {
067                 "endpoints": [
068                     {
069                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1",
070                         "id": "a75755093500441ea954f4874ccecf15",
071                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
072                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:8080/v1/AUTH_170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
073                         "region": "RegionOne"
074                     }
075                 ],
076                 "endpoints_links": [],
077                 "name": "swift",
078                 "type": "object-store"
079             },
080             {
081                 "endpoints": [
082                     {
083                         "adminURL": "http://10.1.1.186:35357/v2.0",
084                         "id": "196e553f9bcc4c8fa425bc0fa28a144b",
085                         "internalURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",
086                         "publicURL": "http://10.1.1.186:5000/v2.0",
087                         "region": "RegionOne"
088                     }
089                 ],
090                 "endpoints_links": [],
091                 "name": "keystone",
092                 "type": "identity"
093             }
094         ],
095         "token": {
096             "expires": "2013-01-27T05:06:50Z",
097             "id": "71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94",
098             "tenant": {
099                 "description": "\u6240\u6709\u516c\u53f8\u81ea\u4e3b\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u524d\u7aef\u53d1\u5e03\u673a,\u5982\u8d5b\u5c14\u53f7,\u529f\u592b\u7b49",
100                 "enabled": true,
101                 "id": "170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671",
102                 "name": "VM"
103             }
104         },
105         "user": {
106             "id": "24a2251c32504957ad2647c2448ffac3",
107             "name": "admin",
108             "roles": [
109                 {
110                     "name": "\u524d\u7aef\u6e38\u620f"
111                 }
112             ],
113             "roles_links": [],
114             "username": "admin"
115         }
116     }
117 }

使用返回的token id和tenant id调用api返回该tenant下的servers

1 curl -X GET -H "X-Auth-Token:71fb5b7816804febbd89ed315fe67c94" -H "Content-type: application/json" http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers | python -mjson.tool

返回结果如下

01 {
02     "servers": [
03         {
04             "id": "ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
05             "links": [
06                 {
07                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
08                     "rel": "self"
09                 },
10                 {
11                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/ac561829-dffa-443e-a321-260d48f4cba3",
12                     "rel": "bookmark"
13                 }
14             ],
15             "name": "VM1"
16         },
17         {
18             "id": "e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
19             "links": [
20                 {
21                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
22                     "rel": "self"
23                 },
24                 {
25                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/e3b84378-7598-48c8-8a1d-bd555c4c1f90",
26                     "rel": "bookmark"
27                 }
28             ],
29             "name": "VM2"
30         },
31         {
32             "id": "beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
33             "links": [
34                 {
35                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
36                     "rel": "self"
37                 },
38                 {
39                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/beafef2e-26c4-4320-9b45-70006e71785c",
40                     "rel": "bookmark"
41                 }
42             ],
43             "name": "VM3"
44         },
45         {
46             "id": "f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
47             "links": [
48                 {
49                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/v2/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
50                     "rel": "self"
51                 },
52                 {
53                     "href": "http://10.1.1.186:8774/170bf7acb88646bc9147085d426c4671/servers/f8450270-9d96-4dba-b1c2-8ebcef1ff012",
54                     "rel": "bookmark"
55                 }
56             ],
57             "name": "VM4"
58         }
59     ]
60 }

通过返回值可以看到vm tenant中共包含VM1 VM2 VM3 VM4四台实例。

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