Looper分析。ThreadLocal有关
2024-08-25 05:28:19
Class used to run a message loop for a thread. Threads by default do not have a message loop associated with them; to create one,
call prepare() in the thread that is to run the loop, and then loop() to have it process messages until the loop is stopped.
class LooperThread extends Thread {
public Handler mHandler;
public void run() {
Looper.prepare();
mHandler = new Handler() {
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
// process incoming messages here
}
};
Looper.loop();
}
}
(1)提出问题：正如上面所说， 一个线程默认是没有Looper用来处理message队列的。但为什么我们在主线程时又没有自己创建Looper呢？
public class Looper {
private static final String TAG = "Looper";
// sThreadLocal.get() will return null unless you've called prepare().
static final ThreadLocal<Looper> sThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Looper>(); //（1）又见到了眼熟的ThreadLocal,里面存放的是每个线程的Looper
private static Looper sMainLooper; // guarded by Looper.class
final MessageQueue mQueue;
final Thread mThread;
volatile boolean mRun;
private Printer mLogging;
/** Initialize the current thread as a looper.
* This gives you a chance to create handlers that then reference
* this looper, before actually starting the loop. Be sure to call
* {@link #loop()} after calling this method, and end it by calling
* {@link #quit()}.
*/
public static void prepare() {
prepare(true);
}
private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) {
if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) {
throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread");
}
sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));
}
/**
* Initialize the current thread as a looper, marking it as an
* application's main looper. The main looper for your application
* is created by the Android environment, so you should never need
* to call this function yourself. See also: {@link #prepare()}
*/
public static void prepareMainLooper() {
prepare(false);
synchronized (Looper.class) {
if (sMainLooper != null) {
throw new IllegalStateException("The main Looper has already been prepared.");
}
sMainLooper = myLooper(); //(2)为主线程的Looper赋值
}
}
/** Returns the application's main looper, which lives in the main thread of the application.
*/
public static Looper getMainLooper() {
synchronized (Looper.class) {
return sMainLooper;
}
}
/**
* Return the Looper object associated with the current thread. Returns
* null if the calling thread is not associated with a Looper.
*/
public static Looper myLooper() { //(3)为主线程Looper赋值的其实就是调用ThreadLocal的get()
return sThreadLocal.get();
}
}
2.如果不知道ThreadLocal是什么意思，自己去查API,我没这么大气和你讲。
3.所以我们可以这样用：
public class MainActivity extends Activity {
private ProgressDialog mpDialog;
private int mCount = 0;
private Handler handler = new Handler(){
@Override
public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
//update UI
System.out.println("----------update ui ok--------------"+Thread.currentThread().getId()); // Thread id 为1 说明在主线程中执行。
System.out.println("message arg1 : "+ msg.arg1); //因为这是主线程，所以可以在这时更新UI
super.handleMessage(msg);
}
};
private Thread downThread = new Thread(){
@Override
public void run() {
try{
while(mCount<=100){
mpDialog.setProgress(mCount++);
Thread.sleep(100); //模拟下载过程
}
// This is essentially the same as calling dismiss(),
//but it will also call your DialogInterface.OnCancelListener (if registered).
mpDialog.cancel();
System.out.println("------------download ok----------");
Message message = handler.obtainMessage();
message.arg1 = 10;
handler.sendMessage(message);
}catch(Exception ex){
mpDialog.cancel();
}
}
};
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
Button button= (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.button);
imageView = (ImageView) this.findViewById(R.id.imageView01);
button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(View view) {
System.out.println("--------------download start----------------"+Thread.currentThread().getId()); //主线程的id为1
mCount = 0;
mpDialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);
mpDialog.setProgressStyle(ProgressDialog.STYLE_HORIZONTAL);
mpDialog.setTitle("dialogʾ");
mpDialog.setIcon(R.drawable.ic_launcher);
mpDialog.setMessage("好消息");
mpDialog.setMax(100);
mpDialog.setProgress(0);
mpDialog.setSecondaryProgress(50);
mpDialog.setIndeterminate(false);
mpDialog.setCancelable(true);
mpDialog.setButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){
@Override
public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {
dialog.cancel();
}
});
downThread.start();
mpDialog.show();
}
});
}
}
4.正如上面所说，一个新线程在默认情况下是没有Looper相关联的。所以需要自己创建。但android提供了一个HandlerThread,方便我们使用Looper。
public class HandlerThread extends Thread {
Looper mLooper;
/**
* Call back method that can be explicitly overridden if needed to execute some
* setup before Looper loops.
*/
protected void onLooperPrepared() {
}
public void run() {
mTid = Process.myTid();
Looper.prepare();
synchronized (this) {
mLooper = Looper.myLooper();
notifyAll();
}
Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority);
onLooperPrepared();
Looper.loop();
mTid = -1;
}
/**
* This method returns the Looper associated with this thread. If this thread not been started
* or for any reason is isAlive() returns false, this method will return null. If this thread
* has been started, this method will block until the looper has been initialized.
* @return The looper.
*/
public Looper getLooper() {
if (!isAlive()) {
return null;
}
// If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created.
synchronized (this) {
while (isAlive() && mLooper == null) {
try {
wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
return mLooper;
}
}
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