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一、多线程抓取网页

流程：a.设置种子url b.获取区域列表 c.循环区域列表 d.创建线程获取页面数据

e、启动线程

import csv

import threading

import time

import requests

import lxml

from lxml import etree

import json

# 递归锁

rlock = threading.RLock()

# 设置请求头

headers = {

    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"}

def getAreaList(url):

    '''

    获取区域列表

    :param url:

    :return: dict {"cityName":"cityUrl"}

    '''

    # 获取响应

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    # 创建xml树形结构对象

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 分区

    areaList = mytree.xpath('//div[@data-role="ershoufang"]/div/a')

    #分区字典

    areaDict = {}

    for area in areaList:

        #区域名

        areaName = area.xpath('./text()')[0]

        areaUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com"+area.xpath('./@href')[0]

        areaDict[areaName] = areaUrl

        # print(areaName,areaUrl)

    return areaDict

def getPageTotal(url):

    '''

    获取分区页数

    :param url: utl

    :return: int 总页数

    '''

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 获取总页数

    pageTotal = mytree.xpath('//div[@class="page-box house-lst-page-box"]/@page-data')[0]

    pageTotal = int(json.loads(pageTotal)["totalPage"])

    # print(pageTotal)

    return pageTotal

def getHouseInfo(area,url):

    '''

    获取房子信息

    :param area:区域

    :param url: url

    :return:

    '''

    pageTotal = getPageTotal(url)

    for page in range(1,pageTotal+1):

        newurl = url+"pg%d/"%page

        # print(newurl)

        response = requests.get(newurl,headers=headers).text

        mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

        houseList = mytree.xpath('//li[@class="clear"]')

        print(houseList)

        for house in houseList:

            # 房子标题

            houseTitle = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/text()')[0]

            # 房子url

            houseUrl = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/@href')[0]

            # 房子地址

            houseAddr = house.xpath('.//div[@class="houseInfo"]//text()')

            houseAddr = ''.join(houseAddr)

            # 位置信息

            positionInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="positionInfo"]//text()')

            positionInfo = ''.join(positionInfo)

            # 总价

            priceInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="totalPrice"]/span/text()')[0] + '万'

            # 平方价

            unitPrice = house.xpath('.//div[@class="unitPrice"]/span/text()')[0]

            print(houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice)

            # 保存成csv文件

            with rlock:

                with open('./data/'+area+'.csv','a+',encoding='utf-8',errors='ignore') as f:

                    writer = csv.writer(f)

                    writer.writerow([houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice])

if __name__ == '__main__':

    #设置种子url

    cityUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com/ershoufang/"

    # 获取区域列表

    areaDict = getAreaList(cityUrl)

    threadList = []

    time.clock()

    for areaName,areaUrl in areaDict.items():

        # 创建线程

        t = threading.Thread(target=getHouseInfo,args=(areaName,areaUrl))

        t.start()

        threadList.append(t)

# 保证线程正常结束

    for t in threadList:

        t.join()

    print(time.clock())

二、协程抓取网页

import csv

import threading

import time

import requests

import lxml

from lxml import etree

import json

import gevent

from gevent import monkey

# 非阻塞型

gevent.monkey.patch_all()

# 递归锁

rlock = threading.RLock()

# 设置请求头

headers = {

    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"}

def getAreaList(url):

    '''

    获取区域列表

    :param url:

    :return: dict {"cityName":"cityUrl"}

    '''

    # 获取响应

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    # 创建xml树形结构对象

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 分区

    areaList = mytree.xpath('//div[@data-role="ershoufang"]/div/a')

    #分区字典

    areaDict = {}

    for area in areaList:

        #区域名

        areaName = area.xpath('./text()')[0]

        areaUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com"+area.xpath('./@href')[0]

        areaDict[areaName] = areaUrl

        # print(areaName,areaUrl)

    return areaDict

def getPageTotal(url):

    '''

    获取分区页数

    :param url: utl

    :return: int 总页数

    '''

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 获取总页数

    pageTotal = mytree.xpath('//div[@class="page-box house-lst-page-box"]/@page-data')[0]

    pageTotal = int(json.loads(pageTotal)["totalPage"])

    # print(pageTotal)

    return pageTotal

def getHouseInfo(area,url):

    '''

    获取房子信息

    :param area:区域

    :param url: url

    :return:

    '''

    pageTotal = getPageTotal(url)

    for page in range(1,pageTotal+1):

        newurl = url+"pg%d/"%page

        # print(newurl)

        response = requests.get(newurl,headers=headers).text

        mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

        houseList = mytree.xpath('//li[@class="clear"]')

        print(houseList)

        for house in houseList:

            # 房子标题

            houseTitle = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/text()')[0]

            # 房子url

            houseUrl = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/@href')[0]

            # 房子地址

            houseAddr = house.xpath('.//div[@class="houseInfo"]//text()')

            houseAddr = ''.join(houseAddr)

            # 位置信息

            positionInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="positionInfo"]//text()')

            positionInfo = ''.join(positionInfo)

            # 总价

            priceInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="totalPrice"]/span/text()')[0] + '万'

            # 平方价

            unitPrice = house.xpath('.//div[@class="unitPrice"]/span/text()')[0]

            print(houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice)

            # 保存成csv文件

            with rlock:

                with open('./data/'+area+'.csv','a+',encoding='utf-8',errors='ignore') as f:

                    writer = csv.writer(f)

                    writer.writerow([houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice])

if __name__ == '__main__':

    #设置种子url

    cityUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com/ershoufang/"

    # 获取区域列表

    areaDict = getAreaList(cityUrl)

    geventList = []

    time.clock()

    for areaName,areaUrl in areaDict.items():

        # 创建协程

        g = gevent.spawn(getHouseInfo,areaName,areaUrl)

        geventList.append(g)

# 保证协程正常结束

    gevent.joinall(geventList)

    print(time.clock())

三、协程与进程结合抓取网页

import csv

import threading

import time

import requests

import lxml

from lxml import etree

import json

import multiprocessing

import gevent

from gevent import monkey

# 非阻塞型

gevent.monkey.patch_all()

# 递归锁

rlock = threading.RLock()

# 设置请求头

headers = {

    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/65.0.3325.181 Safari/537.36"}

def getAreaList(url):

    '''

    获取区域列表

    :param url:

    :return: dict {"cityName":"cityUrl"}

    '''

    # 获取响应

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    # 创建xml树形结构对象

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 分区

    areaList = mytree.xpath('//div[@data-role="ershoufang"]/div/a')

    #分区字典

    areaDict = {}

    for area in areaList:

        #区域名

        areaName = area.xpath('./text()')[0]

        areaUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com"+area.xpath('./@href')[0]

        areaDict[areaName] = areaUrl

        # print(areaName,areaUrl)

    return areaDict

def getPageTotal(url):

    '''

    获取分区页数

    :param url: utl

    :return: int 总页数

    '''

    response = requests.get(url,headers=headers).text

    mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

    # 获取总页数

    pageTotal = mytree.xpath('//div[@class="page-box house-lst-page-box"]/@page-data')[0]

    pageTotal = int(json.loads(pageTotal)["totalPage"])

    # print(pageTotal)

    return pageTotal

def getHouseInfo(area,url):

    '''

    获取房子信息

    :param area:区域

    :param url: url

    :return:

    '''

    def houesInfo(area,url,pageTotal):

        for page in range(1,pageTotal+1):

            newurl = url+"pg%d/"%page

            # print(newurl)

            response = requests.get(newurl,headers=headers).text

            mytree = lxml.etree.HTML(response)

            houseList = mytree.xpath('//li[@class="clear"]')

            print(houseList)

            for house in houseList:

                # 房子标题

                houseTitle = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/text()')[0]

                # 房子url

                houseUrl = house.xpath('.//div[@class="title"]/a/@href')[0]

                # 房子地址

                houseAddr = house.xpath('.//div[@class="houseInfo"]//text()')

                houseAddr = ''.join(houseAddr)

                # 位置信息

                positionInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="positionInfo"]//text()')

                positionInfo = ''.join(positionInfo)

                # 总价

                priceInfo = house.xpath('.//div[@class="totalPrice"]/span/text()')[0] + '万'

                # 平方价

                unitPrice = house.xpath('.//div[@class="unitPrice"]/span/text()')[0]

                print(houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice)

                # 保存成csv文件

                with rlock:

                    with open('./data/'+area+'.csv','a+',encoding='utf-8',errors='ignore') as f:

                        writer = csv.writer(f)

                        writer.writerow([houseTitle,houseUrl,houseAddr,positionInfo,priceInfo,unitPrice])

    # 获取总页数

    pageTotal = getPageTotal(url)

    # 创建协程

    g = gevent.spawn(houesInfo, area, url, pageTotal)

    # 保证协程正常结束

    gevent.joinall([g])

if __name__ == '__main__':

    #设置种子url

    cityUrl = "https://gz.lianjia.com/ershoufang/"

    # 获取区域列表

    areaDict = getAreaList(cityUrl)

    processList = []

    time.clock()

    for areaName,areaUrl in areaDict.items():

        # 创建进程

        p = multiprocessing.Process(target=getHouseInfo,args=(areaName,areaUrl))

        p.start()

        processList.append(p)

    # 保证进程正常结束

    for p in processList:

        p.join()

    print(time.clock())

后记

【后记】为了让大家能够轻松学编程，我创建了一个公众号【轻松学编程】，里面有让你快速学会编程的文章，当然也有一些干货提高你的编程水平，也有一些编程项目适合做一些课程设计等课题。

也可加我微信【1257309054】，拉你进群，大家一起交流学习。
如果文章对您有帮助，请我喝杯咖啡吧！

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