python + selenium 常用公共方法封装

selenium 环境配置及浏览器驱动的安装：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16435300.html

uiautomator2 常用公共方法封装见之前的帖子：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16948536.html

appium 常用公共方法封装见之前的帖子：https://www.cnblogs.com/gancuimian/p/16985527.html

在写(UI)自动化测试用例的时候，最常用的就是方法的调用。我们在这里，把公共方法封装到一个文件中，

这样以后需要使用，直接调用这个方法就可以了。

以下为个人常使用到的一些 selenium 公共方法的封装，（大多都与 appium 的公共方法通用，个别不太一样）

里面有一些操作是有重复的，这个根据个人情况，如果不需要可以不用。重复的话就多个选择，想用哪个用哪个。

首先需要导入/引用到的库

import os,time,faker,random

from typing import Tuple, Union, Dict

from selenium.webdriver import Chrome

from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By

from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait

from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as when, expected_conditions

from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains,Keys

直接上代码：

class Page:

    def __init__(self,driver:Chrome):

        self.driver = driver

    def goto(self,url):

        """ 去哪个url地址 """

        # if url.find("https://") != -1:

        #     return self.browser.get(url)

        return self.driver.get(url)

    def input(self,locator,values):

        """ 输入框当中输入内容 """

        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)

        el.send_keys(values)

    def clear(self, element):

        """ 清空输入框中的内容 """

        el = self.driver.find_element(*element)

        el.clear()

    def click(self,locator):

        """ 点击 """

        # 设置显性等待时间

        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=8)

        # 等待某个元素出现并可点击

        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator)

        # 定位元素.点击按钮

        element = wait.until(condition)

        # 点击元素

        ActionChains(self.driver).click(element).perform()

    def double_click(self,locator):

        """ 双击 """

        # 设置显性等待时间

        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=10)

        # 等待某个元素出现并可点击

        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator)

        # 定位元素.点击按钮

        element = wait.until(condition)

        # 双击元素

        ActionChains(self.driver).double_click(element).perform()

    def drag_and_drop(self,locator1,locator2):

        """ 拖动 """

        # 设置显性等待时间

        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout=10)

        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator1)

        element1 = wait.until(condition)

        # 定位到元素1，定位到元素2

        condition = when.element_to_be_clickable(locator2)

        element2 = wait.until(condition)

        # 拖动元素

        ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop(element1,element2).perform()

    def is_element_exist(self, element: Tuple[str, Union[str, Dict]], wait_seconds: int = 10) -> bool:

        """ 判断元素是否存在 """

        by = element[0]

        value = element[1]

        try:

            if by == "id":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, value)))

            elif by == "name":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.NAME, value)))

            elif by == "class":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, value)))

            elif by == "text":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.LINK_TEXT, value)))

            elif by == "partial_text":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, value)))

            elif by == "xpath":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, value)))

            elif by == "css":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, value)))

            elif by == "tag":

                WebDriverWait(self.driver, wait_seconds, 1).until(expected_conditions.presence_of_element_located((By.TAG_NAME, value)))

            else:

                raise NameError("Please enter the correct targeting elements,'id','name','class','text','xpath','css'.")

        except:

            return False

        return True

    def get_element_text(self,locator):

        """ 元素定位,获取text文本 """

        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)

        return el.text

    def is_text_exist(self, text: str, wait_seconds: int = 10) -> bool:

        """ 判断text是否于当前页面存在 """

        for i in range(wait_seconds):

            if text in self.driver.page_source:

                return True

            time.sleep(1)

        return False

    def is_loaded(self,url,timeout=8):

        """ 判断某个 url 是否被加载 """

        return WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout).until(when.url_contains(url))

    def get_element_attribute(self,locator,expected):

        """ 获取某个元素的属性 """

        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)

        return el.get_attribute(expected)

    def get_toast_text(self):

        """ toast弹窗/获取toast文本内容 """

        toast = self.driver.find_element("xpath", "//android.widget.Toast")

        return toast.text

    def emter(self):

        """ 回车 """

        return ActionChains(self.driver).send_keys(Keys.ENTER).perform()

    def copy(self):

        """ 复制快捷键 """

        actions = ActionChains(self.driver)

        return actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys("c").key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()

    def paste(self):

        """ 粘贴的快捷键 """

        actions = ActionChains(self.driver)

        return actions.key_down(Keys.CONTROL).send_keys("v").key_up(Keys.CONTROL).perform()

    def set_attribute(self,locator,name,value):

        """ 设置元素属性（12306） """

        el = self.driver.find_element(*locator)

        js = f'arguments[0].{name} = f"{value}"'

        self.driver.execute_script(js,el)

    def switch_to_iframe(self,locator,timeout=10):

        """ 切换iframe """

        # iframe = self.browser.find_element(*locator)

        # self.browser.switch_to.frame(iframe)

        # 使用显性等待 切换 iframe

        wait = WebDriverWait(self.driver, timeout)

        wait.until(when.frame_to_be_available_and_switch_to_it(locator))

    def switch_to_default(self):

        """ iframe 切回主页面 """

        self.driver.switch_to.default_content()

    def scroll_to_bottom(self):

        """ 滚动到页面底部，使用js操作 """

        js = "window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)"

        self.driver.execute_script(js)

    def screenshot(self, name):

        """ 截图(注释的部分，根据个人需求可增or减) """

        # day = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d', time.localtime(time.time()))

        # fp = "..\\Result\\" + day

        fp = ".\\images\\"      # ".":表示上级; "..":表示上上级

        tm = time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d-%H_%M', time.localtime(time.time()))

        if os.path.exists(fp):

            filename = fp + "\\" + tm + '_' + name + '.png'

        else:

            os.makedirs(fp)

            filename = fp + "\\" + tm + '_' + name + '.png'

        self.driver.save_screenshot(filename)

    def randmon_phone(self):

        """ 随机生成一个手机号，或者其他想生成的数据 """

        while True:

            phone = "130"

            for i in range(8):

                num = random.randint(0, 9)

                phone += str(num)

            return phone

    def generate_phone_number(self):

        """ 随机生成手机号(与上面的实现方法一致，写法用了列表推导式) """

        prefix = "130"

        suffix = [random.randint(0, 9) for _ in range(8)]

        return f"{prefix}{''.join([str(i) for i in suffix])}"

    def new_mobile(self):

        """ 随机生成手机号，需下载：pip install pytest_facker """

        fk = faker.Faker(locale=["zh_CN"])

        return fk.phone_number()

if __name__ == '__main__':

    pass

以上就是本人 selenium 自动化常用到的一些公共方法的封装。

后续可能会继续更新一些方法进去

巴特西

python + selenium 常用公共方法封装

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