用python收集系统信息

实现的功能

搜集系统消息，有生产商，CPU型号，核数，内存，主机名，发行版名称
可运行的系统

目前已在RHEL, Ubuntu, Archlinux上测试通过
获取不同发行版主机名逻辑判断思路分析

大家肯定都知道，RHEL的主机名配置文件和Ubuntu的不一样，可是Archlinux的和Ubuntu的又不一样，所以这里就将不同操作系统的主机名配置文件和操作系统的issue做了一个映射

主要是将不同系统的系统名和对应的配置文件及存放在一个字典[ os_type ]结构中，后续有需要可以再扩展，而下面的的逻辑代码则不需要改变[ parseCfg() ]，从字典中循环取数据，如果取到则退出的配置文件

运行结果类似如下：

       key: value

   product: VMware Virtual Platform

 modelName: Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU E5-2620 v3 @ 2.40GHz

  totalMem: 1.5 GB

   cpuCore: 2

    vender: VMware, Inc.

  hostName: archlinux.vsphere

distroName: Arch Linux

        SN: VMware-56 4d b9 19 26 63 ad ae-41 f3 5c 3c 34 66 ec bd

#!/usr/bin/env python

# -*- encoding: utf-8 -*-

''' 可以在多linux平台下的多种机器下工作，需要添加相应的键值对儿在os_type字典里面 '''

from subprocess import Popen, PIPE

# 定义操作系统主机名字段字典, 在获取不同类型主机名配置文件的时候使用

os_type = {'archlinux': ['Arch Linux', '/etc/hostname'],

           'ubuntu': ['Ubuntu', '/etc/hostname'],

           'CentOS release': ['CentOS release', '/etc/sysconfig/network']

           }

def parseCfg(osName):

        ' 通过不同的主机名，返回对应的主机名的配置文件位置 '

	for type in os_type:

		if osName.startswith( os_type[type][0] ):

			cfg = os_type[ type ][ 1 ]

			return cfg

def getHostInfo(command):

	''' @args: command 输入要运行的系统命令

		@return: 返回一个长的字符串

	'''

	p = Popen([command], stdout=PIPE)

	data = p.stdout.read()

	return data

def parseHostInfo(data):

	NEWLINE = '\n'

	parsedData = []

	eachSection = ''

	''' regenerate a list, remove the NULL element

		@args: data is a long string

		@return: all of sections list

	'''

	data = [i for i in data.split('\n') if i]

	for eachLine in data:

		if eachLine[0].strip():

			parsedData.append(eachSection)

			eachSection = eachLine + NEWLINE

		else:

			eachSection = eachSection + eachLine + NEWLINE

	parsedData.append(eachSection)

	return [i for i in parsedData if i]

def parseIPInfo(parsedData):

	dic = {}

	data = [i for i in parsedData if i and not i.startswith('lo')]

	for lines in data:

		lineLst = lines.split('\n')

		devname = lineLst[0].split(':')[0]

		ipaddr = lineLst[1].split()[1]

		macaddr = lineLst[3].split()[1]

		dic[devname] = [ipaddr, macaddr]

	return dic

def parseDMIInfo(parsedData):

	'''

	:param parsedData:

	:return:

	'''

	dmi_result = {}

	data = [i for i in parsedData if i.startswith('System Information')]

	data = [i for i in data[0].split('\n')[1:] if i]

	'生成一个大列表，每个元素也是一个列表，且仅有两个元素，所以下面可以直接生成一个字典数据结构'

	l_list = [i.strip().split(':') for i in data]

	sys_info_dic = dict(l_list)

	dmi_result['vender'] = sys_info_dic['Manufacturer'].strip()

	dmi_result['product'] = sys_info_dic['Product Name'].strip()

	dmi_result['SN'] = sys_info_dic['Serial Number'].strip()

	return dmi_result

def getDistroName():

	with open('/etc/issue') as fd:

		distroName = ' '.join(fd.read().strip().split()[:2])

	return {'distroName': distroName}

def getHostname(fn, osVer):

	with open(fn) as fd:

		host = fd.read()

		if osVer.startswith('Arch Linux') or osVer.startswith('Ubuntu'):

			hostName = host.strip()

			return {'hostName': hostName}

		if osVer == 'CentOS release':

			host = host.strip().split('\n')

			for i in host:

				if i.startswith('HOSTNAME'):

					hostName = i.split('=')[1]

					return {'hostName': hostName}

def getMeminfo():

	with open('/proc/meminfo') as fd:

		for eachLine in fd:

			if eachLine.startswith('MemTotal'):

				totalMem = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()

				totalMem = '%.1f' % (float(totalMem.split()[0]) / 1024.0 / 1024)

	return {'totalMem': str(totalMem) + ' GB'}

def getCPUInfo():

	with open('/proc/cpuinfo') as fd:

		for eachLine in fd:

			if eachLine.startswith('cpu cores'):

				cpuCore = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()

				continue

			if eachLine.startswith('model name'):

				modelName = eachLine.split(':')[1].strip()

		return {'cpuCore': cpuCore, 'modelName': modelName}

if __name__ == '__main__':

	dic = {}

	cfg = '/etc/sysconfig/network'

	data = getHostInfo('dmidecode')

	dmiLst = parseHostInfo(data)

	' dmi info '

	dmiInfo = parseDMIInfo(dmiLst)

	memInfo = getMeminfo()

	osVer = getDistroName()

	osName = osVer['distroName']

	cfg = parseCfg(osName)

	hostInfo = getHostname(cfg, osName)

	cpuInfo = getCPUInfo()

	dic.update(dmiInfo)

	dic.update(hostInfo)

	dic.update(memInfo)

	dic.update(osVer)

	dic.update(cpuInfo)

	print('%10s: %s' % ('key', 'value'))

	for key in dic.items():

		print('%10s: %s' % (key[0], key[1]))

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用python收集系统信息

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