1. import optparse

        2. parser = optparse.OptionParser()

        3. parser.add_option()

        4. options, args = parser.parse_args(command) # command 为 list 类型

#!_*_coding:utf-8_*_

# Author: hkey

import optparse

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

cmd = ['--cmd', 'du -sh', '/'] # 命令必须通过split方法转换为list类型

parser.add_option('--cmd', action='store', type='string', dest='command', help='command')

options, args = parser.parse_args(cmd)

print('options:', options)

print('args:', args)

print('command:', options.command)        

输出信息：

options: {'command': 'du -sh'}

args: ['/']

command: du -sh

import optparse

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

cmd = ['--cmd', 'du -sh', '/']

parser.add_option('--cmd', action='store', type='string', dest='command', default='abc', help='command') # 为dest添加默认值

options, args = parser.parse_args()  # 没有传入cmd参数

print('options:', options)

print('args:', args)

print('command:', options.command)

输出信息：

options: {'command': 'abc'}

args: []

command: abc

        1. import configparser

        2. config = configparser.ConfigParser()

        3. config.read('配置文件')

        4. config (get or set)

#hosts.cfg

[host1]

ip = 192.168.118.10

port = 22

username = user

password = 123456

[host2]

ip = 192.168.118.11

port = 22

username = root

password = 123456

[group]

server = host1,host2

[host3]

ip = 192.168.118.12

#!_*_coding:utf-8_*_

# Author: hkey

import configparser

config = configparser.ConfigParser()

# 读取配置文件

config.read('hosts.cfg')

sections = config.sections() # 获取配置文件所有的sections

options = config.options('host1')   # 获取host1下所有的key值

values = config['host1']['username'] # 通过sections和key获取values

print(sections)

print(options)

print(values)

# 写入配置文件

config.set("host1", "username", "user") # 将sections为'host1'且key为'username'的值修改为user

config.add_section('host3')     # 新增一个sections

config.set('host3', 'ip','192.168.118.12') # 在sections为host3下面增加key为host3，值为'192.168.118.12'

config.write(open('hosts.cfg', 'w'))    # 写回配置文件

        1. import paramiko

        2. ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

        3. ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())  # 允许将信任的主机自动加入到host_allow列表，此方法必须放在connect方法的前面

        4. ssh.connect(hostname='ip', port=22, username='root', password='') # 连接远程主机

        5. stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th')    # 在远程主机执行命令

        6. res, err = stdout.read(), stderr.read()    # 执行成功，stdout接收，错误， stderr接收

        7. result = res if res else err     # 三元运算判断

#!_*_coding:utf-8_*_

# Author: hkey

import paramiko

ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

ssh.connect(hostname='192.168.118.10', port=22, username='root', password='')

stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command('df -Th')

res, err = stdout.read(), stderr.read()

result = res if res else err

print(result.decode())    # 输出信息是二进制格式需要转换

输出结果：

Filesystem               Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg00-lv_root xfs        92G  2.6G   89G   3% /

devtmpfs                 devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev

tmpfs                    tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm

tmpfs                    tmpfs     3.9G   17M  3.9G   1% /run

tmpfs                    tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup

/dev/vda1                xfs       497M  125M  373M  25% /boot

tmpfs                    tmpfs     783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0

        1. import paramiko

        2. transport = paramiko.Transport(('ip', 22))

        3. transport.connect(username='root', password='')

        4. sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

        5. sftp.put('abc.txt', '/tmp/abc.txt')     # 将本地abc.txt 上传至 /tmp/abc.txt 这里要注意必须要写文件名，不然会报错。

        6. transport.close()

#!_*_coding:utf-8_*_

# Author: hkey

import paramiko

transport = paramiko.Transport(('192.168.118.10', 22))

transport.connect(username='root', password='')

sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(transport)

sftp.put('abc.txt', '/tmp/abc.txt')

transport.close()

#!_*_coding:utf-8_*_

# Author: hkey

import optparse, configparser, paramiko

cmd = ['batch_run', '-H', 'h1,h2', '-g', 'server,g1', '--cmd', 'df -Th /']

parser = optparse.OptionParser()

parser.add_option('-H', dest='host', help='host')

parser.add_option('-g', dest='group', help='group')

parser.add_option('--cmd', dest='cmd', help='cmd')

options, args = parser.parse_args(cmd)

if args or args[0] == 'batch_run':

    if options.host is not None or options.group is not None or options.cmd is not None:

        host = options.host.split(',')

        # print(host)

        group = options.group.split(',')

        # print(group)

        config = configparser.ConfigParser()

        config.read('hosts.cfg')

        for i in group:

            if i not in config['group']:

                print('未找到[%s]' %i)

                group.remove(i)

        host_list = []

        host_list1 = []

        for i in group:

            s = config['group'][i]

            s = s.split(',')

        host_list = host + s

        sections = config.sections()

        del sections[-1]

        for i in host_list:

            if i in sections:

                host_list1.append(i)

            else:

                print('找不到主机[%s]' %i)

                continue

        host_dict = {}

        for i in host_list1:

            host_dict[i] = {

                'ip': config[i]['ip'],

                'port': config[i]['port'],

                'username': config[i]['username'],

                'password': config[i]['password'],

            }

        ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()

        ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())

        for i in host_dict:

            ssh.connect(hostname=host_dict[i]['ip'], port=int(host_dict[i]['port']),

                        username=host_dict[i]['username'], password=host_dict[i]['password'])

            stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(options.cmd)

            res, err = stdout.read(), stderr.read()

            result = res if res else err

            print('[%s]'.center(50, '-') % host_dict[i]['ip'])

            print(result.decode())

    else:

        print('找不到命令：[%s]' % args)