好久没有写博客了。

近期在使用SharePoint 2010中Timer Job的功能，有了一点心得，分享一下。

我个人觉得SharePoint Timer Job和Windows Service或者是Schedule非常相似。就是enable之后能够定时运行。

开发的过程例如以下：

1.   在VS中新建一个Class。这个Class继承Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPJobDefinition，实现的代码例如以下：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using Microsoft.SharePoint;

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration;



namespace Mike.TimeJob

{

    public class MyFirstTimeJob:SPJobDefinition

    {

        public MyFirstTimeJob()

            :base()

        {}

        

        public MyFirstTimeJob(string jobName, SPService service, SPServer server, SPJobLockType targetType)

            :base(jobName,service,server,targetType)

        {}

        

        public MyFirstTimeJob(string jobName, SPWebApplication webApplication)

            : base(jobName, webApplication, null, SPJobLockType.ContentDatabase)

        {

            this.Title = "Mike First Timer Job";

        }



        public override void Execute(Guid targetInstanceId)

        {

            // get a reference to the current site collection's content database

            SPWebApplication webApplication = this.Parent as SPWebApplication;

            SPContentDatabase contentDb = webApplication.ContentDatabases[targetInstanceId];



            // get a reference to the "Tasks" list in the RootWeb of the first site collection in the content database


            SPList taskLlist=contentDb.Sites[0].RootWeb.Lists["Tasks"];



            //create a new task, set the Title to the current day/time, and update the item

            SPListItem newTask = taskLlist.Items.Add();

            newTask["Title"] = DateTime.Now.ToString();

            newTask.Update();            

        }

    }

}

MyFirstTimeJob这个类最关键的就是须要override Execute方法。这里面能够写你自己想要实现的业务逻辑。我这里就是向Tasks List中每次新增一个时间信息。这个类须要注冊到GAC中，是须要强命名的。

2. 在VS中新建第二个Class，这个Class是MyFirstTimeJob的安装类，在SharePoint Feature被激活的时候使用，这个Class继承了Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration.SPFeatureReceiver，实现的代码例如以下：

using System;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using Microsoft.SharePoint;

using Microsoft.SharePoint.Administration;



namespace Mike.TimeJob

{

    public class MyFirstTimeJobInstaller:SPFeatureReceiver

    {

        const string JOB_NAME = "MyFirstTimeJob";



        public override void  FeatureInstalled(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)

        {



        }



        public override void  FeatureUninstalling(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)

        {



        }



        public override void  FeatureActivated(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)

        {

             SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;

            // make sure the job isn't already registered

            foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions)

            {

                if (job.Name == JOB_NAME)

                job.Delete();

            }

            // install the job

            MyFirstTimeJob myjob = new MyFirstTimeJob(JOB_NAME, site.WebApplication);


            SPMinuteSchedule schedule = new SPMinuteSchedule();

            schedule.BeginSecond = 0;

            schedule.EndSecond = 59;

            schedule.Interval = 5;

            myjob.Schedule = schedule;

            myjob.Update();

        }



        public override void  FeatureDeactivating(SPFeatureReceiverProperties properties)

        {

                  SPSite site = properties.Feature.Parent as SPSite;

            // delete the job

            foreach (SPJobDefinition job in site.WebApplication.JobDefinitions)

            {

                if (job.Name == JOB_NAME)

                    job.Delete();

            }

        }

    }

}

MyFirstTimeJobInstaller类中FeatureDeactivating方法用于在Feature被Disable时将已经存在的SPJobDefinition实例删除，FeatureActivated方法用于删除已经存在的SPJobDefinition实例，然后再新建实例，并设置Schedule，Schedule能够有SPYearlySchedule、SPMonthlySchedule、SPDailySchedule、SPHourlySchedule、SPMinuteSchedule等等，详细能够去查MSDN。

3. 将这2个Class注冊到GAC中，由于是同一个Assembly，得到一个PublicKey。

安装GAC的命令

gacutil -i 文件夹\Mike.TimeJob.dll

4. 在创建Feature.XML文件

<?

xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>

<Feature xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/"

         Id="D4C9BB6B-E95D-4066-A0BA-EE5AAE79E3B3"

         Title="Mike First Timer Job"

         Description="Mike Hu's first timer job for adding now to tasks list"

         Scope="Site"

         Hidden="TRUE"

         Version="1.0.0.0"

         ReceiverAssembly="Mike.TimeJob, Version=1.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=d747f4e6e693450e"

         ReceiverClass="Mike.TimeJob.MyFirstTimeJobInstaller">

</Feature>

这里Feature中的PublicKeyToken填写的是第3步得到的Public Key.将这个feature.xml文件copy到C:\Program Files\Common Files\Microsoft Shared\Web Server Extensions\14\TEMPLATE\FEATURES\MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1中，注意MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1是自己创建的。

5. 安装Feature

stsadm -o installfeature -filename MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1\feature.xml -force

6. 又一次启动ISS

iisreset

7. 激活Feature

stsadm -o activatefeature -filename MyFirstTimeJob_Feature1\feature.xml -url
http://prsgi0001

当中http://prsgi0001表所起作用的Web Application。这是Timer Job已经成功安装，并设置好了Shedule。

8. stop SharePoint 2010 Timer

net stop sptimerv4



9. start SharePoint 2010 Timer

net start sptimerv4

这样在Central Administration--> Monitoring --> Timer Jobs --> Review Job Definition中找到安装好的Timer Job。

所有完毕，并能够成功执行了。

10. 假设需Debug，须要attach to process到OWSTIMER.EXE这个process中。

參考：Andrew Connell, Creating Custom SharePoint Timer Jobs