yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++.i686 compat-libstdc++.x86_64 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc.i686 glibc.x86_64 glibc-devel.i686 glibc-devel.x86_64 ksh libgcc.i686 libgcc.x86_64 libstdc++.i686 libstdc++.x86_64 libstdc++-devel.i686 libstdc++-devel.x86_64 libaio.i686 libaio.x86_64 libaio-devel.i686 libaio-devel.x86_64 libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat unixODBC-devel.i686 unixODBC-devel.x86_64 unixODBC.i686 unixODBC.x86_64 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64

vi /etc/hosts

写入以下内容：

127.0.0.1 SVR-28-137 //实际的服务器名称

[root@localhost var]# vi /etc/sysctl.conf

# 安装oracle 时添加以下选项

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmall = 10523004

kernel.shmmax = 6465333657

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.core.rmem_default=262144

net.core.wmem_default=262144

net.core.rmem_max=4194304

net.core.wmem_max=1048576

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

sysctl -p

[root@localhost var]# groupadd -g 200 oinstall

[root@localhost var]# groupadd -g 201 dba

[root@localhost var]# useradd -u 440 -g oinstall -G dba -d /usr/oracle oracle

[root@localhost var]# passwd oracle

[root@localhost var]# vi /etc/pam.d/login

#%PAM-1.0

auth [user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore default=bad] pam_securetty.so

auth       include      system-auth

account    required     pam_nologin.so

account    include      system-auth

password   include      system-auth

# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule

session    required     pam_selinux.so close

session    required     pam_loginuid.so

session    optional     pam_console.so

# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context

session    required     pam_selinux.so open

session    required     pam_namespace.so

session    required     pam_limits.so

session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke

session    include      system-auth

-session   optional     pam_ck_connector.so

[root@localhost var]# vi /etc/security/limits.conf
# 安装oracle时 设置以下参数

oracle   soft   nproc   2047

oracle   hard   nproc   16384

oracle   soft   nofile   1024

oracle   hard   nofile   65536

[root@localhost var]# vi /etc/profile

# 安装oracle时添加以下内容

if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then

      if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then

           ulimit -p 16384

           ulimit -n 65536

      else

           ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536

      fi

fi

[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 //创建安装目录
[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/oracle
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /data/oracle/oradata //数据文件存放目录
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /data/oracle/recovery_area //数据恢复目录
[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /data/oracle/oraInventory //数据库创建及使用过程中的日志目录
[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle:oinstall /data/oracle //修改安装目录权限
[root@localhost ~]#chmod -R 775 /data/oracle //修改安装目录权限
[root@localhost ~]#su - oracle //登录oracle用户，设置环境变量
[oracle@localhost ~]#vi .bash_profile //修改配置文件

# 在文件末尾添加

export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64
export ORACLE_SID=orcl

umask 022

[oracle@localhost ~]$source .bash_profile   //使设置生效

[root@localhost src]# unzip -o -d ./oracle linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

[root@localhost src]# unzip -o -d ./oracle linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

[root@localhost src]#cd /usr/local/src/oracle/database/response

[root@localhost src]#cp db_install.rsp db_install.rsp.bak
[root@localhost src]#vi db_install.rsp

oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=DB_m2  //当前主机名，必须要修改一致

UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall

INVENTORY_LOCATION=/data/oracle/oraInventory

SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN

ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE 
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba 
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE 
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/data/oracle/oradata
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/data/oracle/recovery_area
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true //一定要设为true

[root@localhost database]# su oracle

[oracle@localhost database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /usr/local/src/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp 

1. [INS-06101] IP address of localhost could not be determined([INS-06101] 无法确定本地主机的 IP 地址) 

出现这种错误是因为主机名和/etc/hosts 文件不一致，只需要把主机名和其IP 写入/etc/hosts 文件，就ok了。 

2.[INS-32033]central inventory location is not writable 主产品清单位置不可写

这是因为之前没有将/data/oracle 目录给予权限

3.［INS－32012］无法创建目录
将安装目录：/usr/local/oracle(在上面的配置文件中设定的） 的所有者改为oracle chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local/oracle

netca /silent /responsefile /usr/local/src/oracle/database/response/netca.rsp

 RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"  //不能更改

 OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"

 GDBNAME = "orcl.us.oracle.com"  //全局数据库的名字=SID+主机域名

 SID = "orcl"    //对应的实例名字

 TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc" //建库用的模板文件

 DATAFILEDESTINATION = /data/oracle/oradata //数据文件存放目录

 RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/data/oracle/recovery_data //恢复数据存放目录

 CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"   //字符集，重要!!! 建库后一般不能更改，所以建库前要确定清楚。

 TOTALMEMORY = ""    //oracle内存5120MB

dbca -silent -responseFile /usr/local/src/oracle/database/response/dbca.rsp