PostgreSQL Entity Framework 自动迁移

1、依次添加NuGet包 EntityFramework、Npgsql、EntityFramework6.Npgsql，会自动生成一些配置文件，不过缺少数据库驱动的配置节点：

   <system.data>

     <DbProviderFactories>

       <!--  注意这里，安装程序包时，这里的配置并不会自动添加  -->

       <remove invariant="Npgsql" />

       <add name="Npgsql" invariant="Npgsql" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for Postgresql" type="Npgsql.NpgsqlFactory, Npgsql" />

     </DbProviderFactories>

   </system.data>

   <connectionStrings>

     <!-- 数据库连接字符串, 主机, 用户, 密码, 数据库 -->

     <add name="mes" connectionString="Server=localhost;Uid=postgres;Password=1234;Database=Mes" providerName="Npgsql"/>

   </connectionStrings>

2、添加测试的数据库模型：

     public class BaseModel

     {

         [Key]

         [DatabaseGenerated(DatabaseGeneratedOption.Identity)]

         public long Id { get; set; }

         public string Remark { get; set; }

         public DateTime CreTime { get; set; } = DateTime.Now;

         public bool IsDel { get; set; } = false;

         public DateTime? UpdateTime { get; set; }

     }

     [Table("User")]

     public class User : BaseModel

     {

         public string Account { get; set; }

         public string Label { get; set; }

         public string Passwd { get; set; }

         public long? UpdateUid { get; set; }

     }

     [Table("Order")]

     public class Order: BaseModel

     {

         public string OrderNo { get; set; }

         public decimal Qty { get; set; }

         public string Style { get; set; }

         public string Size { get; set; }

         public string Color { get; set; }

         public DateTime? DeliveryTime { get; set; }

         public string ShipAddress { get; set; }

         public string Phone { get; set; }

         public long? CustomerId { get; set; }

         [ForeignKey("CustomerId")]

         public User Customer { get; set; }

     }

3、数据库上下文：

     public class MesContext:DbContext

     {

         public MesContext():base("name=mes")

         {

         }

         public DbSet<User> Users { get; set; }

         public DbSet<Order> Orders { get; set; }

     }

4、添加自动迁移配置：

     public class MigrationConfig:DbMigrationsConfiguration<MesContext>

     {

         public MigrationConfig()

         {

             AutomaticMigrationsEnabled = true;

             //到生产环境后，注释以下

             AutomaticMigrationDataLossAllowed = true;

         }

     }

5、发布代码时，自动迁移到最新：

             using (var db = new MesContext())

             {

                 new MigrateDatabaseToLatestVersion<MesContext, MigrationConfig>("mes").InitializeDatabase(db);

                 //测试添加User

                 db.Users.Add(new User() {Account = "", Label = "shanghai", Passwd = ""});

                 db.SaveChanges();

             }

6、完整配置文件：App.config

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

 <configuration>

   <configSections>

     <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->

     <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />

   </configSections>

   <startup>

     <supportedRuntime version="v4.0" sku=".NETFramework,Version=v4.5" />

   </startup>

   <entityFramework>

     <defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" />

     <providers>

       <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />

       <provider invariantName="Npgsql" type="Npgsql.NpgsqlServices, EntityFramework6.Npgsql" />

     </providers>

   </entityFramework>

   <runtime>

     <assemblyBinding xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1">

       <dependentAssembly>

         <assemblyIdentity name="Npgsql" publicKeyToken="5d8b90d52f46fda7" culture="neutral" />

         <bindingRedirect oldVersion="0.0.0.0-3.2.5.0" newVersion="3.2.5.0" />

       </dependentAssembly>

     </assemblyBinding>

   </runtime>

   <system.data>

     <DbProviderFactories>

       <!--  注意这里，安装程序包时，这里的配置并不会自动添加  -->

       <remove invariant="Npgsql" />

       <add name="Npgsql" invariant="Npgsql" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for Postgresql" type="Npgsql.NpgsqlFactory, Npgsql" />

     </DbProviderFactories>

   </system.data>

   <connectionStrings>

     <!-- 数据库连接字符串, 主机, 用户, 密码, 数据库 -->

     <add name="mes" connectionString="Server=localhost;Uid=postgres;Password=1234;Database=Mes" providerName="Npgsql"/>

   </connectionStrings>

 </configuration>

7、NuGet配置：packages.config

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

 <packages>

   <package id="EntityFramework" version="6.2.0" targetFramework="net45" />

   <package id="EntityFramework6.Npgsql" version="3.1.1" targetFramework="net45" />

   <package id="Npgsql" version="3.2.5" targetFramework="net45" />

   <package id="System.Threading.Tasks.Extensions" version="4.3.0" targetFramework="net45" />

 </packages>

注：第一次自动迁移前需要手动先创建数据库（Mes）

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PostgreSQL Entity Framework 自动迁移

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