linux三剑客grep，sed，awk

grep

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Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE]...

Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.

PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).

Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c

Regexp selection and interpretation:

  -E, --extended-regexp     PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)

  -F, --fixed-strings       PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings

  -G, --basic-regexp        PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)

  -P, --perl-regexp         PATTERN is a Perl regular expression

  -e, --regexp=PATTERN      use PATTERN for matching

  -f, --file=FILE           obtain PATTERN from FILE

  -i, --ignore-case         ignore case distinctions

  -w, --word-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole words

  -x, --line-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole lines

  -z, --null-data           a data line ends in 0 byte, not newline

Miscellaneous:

  -s, --no-messages         suppress error messages

  -v, --invert-match        select non-matching lines

  -V, --version             print version information and exit

      --help                display this help and exit

      --mmap                use memory-mapped input if possible

Output control:

  -m, --max-count=NUM       stop after NUM matches

  -b, --byte-offset         print the byte offset with output lines

  -n, --line-number         print line number with output lines

      --line-buffered       flush output on every line

  -H, --with-filename       print the filename for each match

  -h, --no-filename         suppress the prefixing filename on output

      --label=LABEL         print LABEL as filename for standard input

  -o, --only-matching       show only the part of a line matching PATTERN

  -q, --quiet, --silent     suppress all normal output

      --binary-files=TYPE   assume that binary files are TYPE;

                            TYPE is `binary', `text', or `without-match'

  -a, --text                equivalent to --binary-files=text

  -I                        equivalent to --binary-files=without-match

  -d, --directories=ACTION  how to handle directories;

                            ACTION is `read', `recurse', or `skip'

  -D, --devices=ACTION      how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;

                            ACTION is `read' or `skip'

  -R, -r, --recursive       equivalent to --directories=recurse

      --include=FILE_PATTERN  search only files that match FILE_PATTERN

      --exclude=FILE_PATTERN  skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN

      --exclude-from=FILE   skip files matching any file pattern from FILE

      --exclude-dir=PATTERN directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.

  -L, --files-without-match print only names of FILEs containing no match

  -l, --files-with-matches  print only names of FILEs containing matches

  -c, --count               print only a count of matching lines per FILE

  -T, --initial-tab         make tabs line up (if needed)

  -Z, --null                print 0 byte after FILE name

Context control:

  -B, --before-context=NUM  print NUM lines of leading context

  -A, --after-context=NUM   print NUM lines of trailing context

  -C, --context=NUM         print NUM lines of output context

  -NUM                      same as --context=NUM

      --color[=WHEN],

      --colour[=WHEN]       use markers to highlight the matching strings;

                            WHEN is `always', `never', or `auto'

  -U, --binary              do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS)

  -u, --unix-byte-offsets   report offsets as if CRs were not there (MSDOS)

`egrep' means `grep -E'.  `fgrep' means `grep -F'.

Direct invocation as either `egrep' or `fgrep' is deprecated.

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.  If less than two FILEs

are given, assume -h.  Exit status is 0 if any line was selected, 1 otherwise;

if any error occurs and -q was not given, the exit status is 2.

Report bugs to <bug-grep@gnu.org>.

sed

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Usage: sed [OPTION]... {script-only-if-no-other-script} [input-file]...

  -n, --quiet, --silent

                 suppress automatic printing of pattern space

  -e script, --expression=script

                 add the script to the commands to be executed

  -f script-file, --file=script-file

                 add the contents of script-file to the commands to be executed

  --follow-symlinks

                 follow symlinks when processing in place

  -i[SUFFIX], --in-place[=SUFFIX]

                 edit files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)

  -l N, --line-length=N

                 specify the desired line-wrap length for the `l' command

  --posix

                 disable all GNU extensions.

  -r, --regexp-extended

                 use extended regular expressions in the script.

  -s, --separate

                 consider files as separate rather than as a single continuous

                 long stream.

  -u, --unbuffered

                 load minimal amounts of data from the input files and flush

                 the output buffers more often

      --help     display this help and exit

      --version  output version information and exit

If no -e, --expression, -f, or --file option is given, then the first

non-option argument is taken as the sed script to interpret.  All

remaining arguments are names of input files; if no input files are

specified, then the standard input is read.

awk

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Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] -f progfile [--] file ...

Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] [--] 'program' file ...

POSIX options:          GNU long options: (standard)

        -f progfile             --file=progfile

        -F fs                   --field-separator=fs

        -v var=val              --assign=var=val

Short options:          GNU long options: (extensions)

        -b                      --characters-as-bytes

        -c                      --traditional

        -C                      --copyright

        -d[file]                --dump-variables[=file]

        -D[file]                --debug[=file]

        -e 'program-text'       --source='program-text'

        -E file                 --exec=file

        -g                      --gen-pot

        -h                      --help

        -i includefile          --include=includefile

        -l library              --load=library

        -L[fatal|invalid]       --lint[=fatal|invalid]

        -M                      --bignum

        -N                      --use-lc-numeric

        -n                      --non-decimal-data

        -o[file]                --pretty-print[=file]

        -O                      --optimize

        -p[file]                --profile[=file]

        -P                      --posix

        -r                      --re-interval

        -S                      --sandbox

        -t                      --lint-old

        -V                      --version

To report bugs, see node `Bugs' in `gawk.info', which is

section `Reporting Problems and Bugs' in the printed version.

gawk is a pattern scanning and processing language.

By default it reads standard input and writes standard output.

Examples:

        gawk '{ sum += $1 }; END { print sum }' file

        gawk -F: '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd

巴特西

linux三剑客grep，sed，awk

grep

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sed

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awk

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