1. 在/etc/ansible/hosts默认文件中定义变量

    [test]

    192.168.163.130

    #[test:vars]

    #key=ansible

    或者

    192.168.163.130  key=ansible

    [test]

    192.168.163.130

2. 编写var.yaml文件

- hosts: test

  gather_facts: False

  tasks:

      - name: display Host Variable from hostfile

        debug: msg="The {{ inventory_hostname }} Vaule is {{ key }}"

 ansible-playbook var.yaml    #检查yaml文件语法

3. 在/etc/ansible下新建目录host_vars

    写入变量文件名要以主机ip或者绑定的host命名

    cat host_vars/192.168.163.130

    key: 192.168.163.130

    ansible-playbook var.yaml

4. 针对主机组设置变量

    在/etc/ansible下新建group_vars

    变量文件以主机组命名

    cat group_vars/test  && rm -rf host_vars

    key: abcdefg

5. 手动传入变量，可传入多个变量

    ansible-playbook var.yaml -e "key=JSON"

6.支持文件传入变量

    变量文件支持YAML和JSON两种格式

    cat vars.yaml

    key: KEY-YAML

    cat var.json

    {"key": "KEY_JSON"}

    ansible-playbook var.yaml -e "@var.json"

7. 在playbook文件内使用vars

- hosts: test

  gather_facts: False

  vars:

          key: Ansible-KEY

  tasks:

         - name: display Host Variable from hostfile

           debug: msg="The {{ inventory_hostname }} Vaule is {{ key }}"

8. 在playbook文件使用vars_files

- hosts: test

  gather_facts: False

  vars_files:

      - vars.yaml   或者group_vars/test

  tasks:

      - name: display Host Variable from hostfile

        debug: msg="The {{ inventory_hostname }} Vaule is {{ key }}"

9. 使用register内的变量

    cat var.yaml

- hosts: test

  gather_facts: False

  tasks:

      - name: register variable

        shell: hostname

        register: aaaaa　　#输出结果为python字典

      - name: display Host Variable from hostfile

        debug: msg="The {{ inventory_hostname }} Vaule is {{ aaaaa }}"   #{aaaaa['stdout']}具体输出某个字段的值

10. vars_prompt传入参数

    cat var.yaml

- hosts: test

  gather_facts: False

  vars_prompt:

      - name: "aaa"

        prompt: "please input aaa value"

        default: '123'

        private: no

      - name: "bbb"

        prompt: "please input bbb value"

        default: '456'

        private: yes

  tasks:

      - name: display aaa value

        debug: msg="aaa value is {{ aaa }}"

      - name: display bbb value

        debug: msg="bbb value is {{ bbb }}"