Alice's Classified Message

Time Limit: 16000/8000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 131072/131072 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 789 Accepted Submission(s): 311

Problem Description

Alice wants to send a classified message to Bob. She tries to encrypt the message with her original encryption method. The message is a string S, which consists of Nlowercase letters.

S[a…b] means a substring of S ranging from S[a] to S[b] (0≤a≤b<N). If the first i letters have been encrypted, Alice will try to find a magic string P. Assuming P has K letters, P is the longest string which satisfies P=S[T...T+K−1] (0≤T<i，T+K≤N) and P=S[i…i+K−1](i+K≤N). In other words, P is a substring of S, of which starting address is within [0...i−1], and P is also a prefix of S[i...N−1]. If P exists, Alice will append integer K and T to ciphertext. If T is not unique, Alice would select the minimal one. And then i is incremented by K. If P does not exist, Alice will append -1 and the ASCII code of letter S[i] to ciphertext, and then increment i by 1.

Obviously the first letter cannot be encrypted. That is to say, P does not exist when i=0. So the first integer of ciphertext must be -1, and the second integer is the ASCII code of S[0].

When i=N, all letters are encrypted, and Alice gets the final ciphertext, which consists of many pairs of integers. Please help Alice to implement this method.

Input

The first line of input contains an integer T, which represents the number of test cases (T≤50). Each test case contains a line of string, which has no more than 100000 lowercase letters. It is guaranteed that the total length of the strings is not greater than 2×106.

Output

For each test case, output a single line consisting of “Case #X:” first. X is the test case number starting from 1. Output the ciphertext in the following lines. Each line contains two integers separated by a single space.

Sample Input

2
aaaaaa
aaaaabbbbbaaabbc

Sample Output

Case #1:
-1 97
5 0
Case #2:
-1 97
4 0
-1 98
4 5
5 2
-1 99

Source

2015ACM/ICPC亚洲区合肥站-重现赛（感谢中科大）

Recommend

wange2014

思路：

　　建立sam，然后每次从root开始跑。

 #include <bits/stdc++.h>

 using namespace std;

 struct SAM

 {

     static const int MAXN = <<;//大小为字符串长度两倍

     static const int LetterSize = ;

     int tot, last, ch[MAXN][LetterSize], fa[MAXN], len[MAXN];

     int sum[MAXN], tp[MAXN], cnt[MAXN]; //sum,tp用于拓扑排序，tp为排序后的数组

     int ft[MAXN];

     void init( void)

     {

         last = tot = ;

         len[] = ;

         memset( ch[], , sizeof ch[]);

     }

     void add( int x, int pos)

     {

         int p = last, np = last = ++tot;

         len[np] = len[p] + , cnt[np] = , ft[np] = pos;

         memset( ch[np], , sizeof ch[np]);

         while( p && !ch[p][x]) ch[p][x] = np, p = fa[p];

         if( p == )

             fa[np] = ;

         else

         {

             int q = ch[p][x];

             if( len[q] == len[p] + )

                 fa[np] = q;

             else

             {

                 int nq = ++tot;

                 memcpy( ch[nq], ch[q], sizeof ch[q]);

                 len[nq] = len[p] + , fa[nq] = fa[q], fa[q] = fa[np] = nq, ft[nq] = ft[q];

                 while( p && ch[p][x] == q)  ch[p][x] = nq, p = fa[p];

             }

         }

     }

     void toposort( void)

     {

         for(int i = ; i <= len[last]; i++)   sum[i] = ;

         for(int i = ; i <= tot; i++)   sum[len[i]]++;

         for(int i = ; i <= len[last]; i++)   sum[i] += sum[i-];

         for(int i = ; i <= tot; i++)   tp[sum[len[i]]--] = i;

         for(int i = tot; i; i--)   ft[fa[i]] = min(ft[fa[i]],ft[i]);

     }

     void go(char *ss)

     {

         toposort();

         for(int i=,n=len[last],p,j;i<n;i++)

         {

             for(p=,j=;;j++)

             {

                 int c=ss[i+j]-'a';

                 if(!(i+j<n&&ch[p][c]&&ft[ch[p][c]]-j<i))

                     break;

                 p=ch[p][c];

             }

             j--;

             if(p==)

                 printf("-1 %d\n",(int)ss[i]);

             else

                 printf("%d %d\n",j+,ft[p]-j),i+=j;

         }

     }

 } sam;

 char ss[];

 int main(void)

 {

     //freopen("in.acm","r",stdin);

     int t,cs=;cin>>t;

     while(t--)

     {

         sam.init();

         scanf("%s",ss);

         for(int i=,len=strlen(ss);i<len;i++)   sam.add(ss[i]-'a',i);

         printf("Case #%d:\n",cs++);

         sam.go(ss);

     }

     return ;

 }

巴特西

hdu5558 Alice's Classified Message

Alice's Classified Message

最新文章

热门文章