Selenium - WebDriver Advanced Usage
2024-10-19 06:26:19
Explicit Waits
# Python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait # available since 2.4.0
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC # available since 2.26.0 ff = webdriver.Firefox()
ff.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading")
try:
element = WebDriverWait(ff, 10).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, "myDynamicElement")))
finally:
ff.quit()
Expected Conditions
# Python
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
wait = WebDriverWait(driver, 10)
element = wait.until(EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.ID,'someid')))
Implicit Waits
# Python
from selenium import webdriver ff = webdriver.Firefox()
ff.implicitly_wait(10) # seconds
ff.get("http://somedomain/url_that_delays_loading")
myDynamicElement = ff.find_element_by_id("myDynamicElement")
Remote WebDriver
Taking a Screenshot
# Python
from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy())
driver.get("http://www.google.com")
driver.get_screenshot_as_file('/Screenshots/google.png')
Using a FirefoxProfile
# Python
from selenium import webdriver
fp = webdriver.FirefoxProfile()
# set something on the profile...
driver = webdriver.Remote(desired_capabilities=webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX, browser_profile=fp)
Using ChromeOptions
# Python
from selenium import webdriver
options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
# set some options
driver = webdriver.Remote(desired_capabilities=options.to_capabilities())
Using a Proxy
Internet Explorer
# Python
from selenium import webdriver PROXY = "localhost:8080" # Create a copy of desired capabilities object.
desired_capabilities = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.INTERNETEXPLORER.copy()
# Change the proxy properties of that copy.
desired_capabilities['proxy'] = {
"httpProxy":PROXY,
"ftpProxy":PROXY,
"sslProxy":PROXY,
"noProxy":None,
"proxyType":"MANUAL",
"class":"org.openqa.selenium.Proxy",
"autodetect":False
} # you have to use remote, otherwise you'll have to code it yourself in python to
# dynamically changing the system proxy preferences
driver = webdriver.Remote("http://localhost:4444/wd/hub", desired_capabilities)
Chrome
Is basically the same as internet explorer. It uses the same configuration on the machine as IE does (on windows). On Mac it uses the System Preference -> Network settings. On Linux it uses (on Ubuntu) System > Preferences > Network Proxy Preferences (Alternatively in “/etc/environment” set http_proxy). As of this writing it is unknown how to set the proxy programmatically.
Firefox
# Python
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.proxy import * myProxy = "host:8080" proxy = Proxy({
'proxyType': ProxyType.MANUAL,
'httpProxy': myProxy,
'ftpProxy': myProxy,
'sslProxy': myProxy,
'noProxy': '' # set this value as desired
}) driver = webdriver.Firefox(proxy=proxy) # for remote
caps = webdriver.DesiredCapabilities.FIREFOX.copy()
proxy.add_to_capabilities(caps) driver = webdriver.Remote(desired_capabilities=caps)
Data Driven Testing
# Python
# Collection of String values
source = open("input_file.txt", "r")
values = source.readlines()
source.close()
# Execute For loop for each String in the values array
for search in values:
driver.get('http://www.google.com')
driver.find_element_by_name("q").send_keys(search)
driver.find_element_by_id("btnG").click()
element = WebDriverWait(driver, 5).until(ExpectedConditions.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//*[contains(., 'Results')]"))
assert search in element.text
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