/**

     * The table, resized as necessary. Length MUST Always be a power of two.

     */

    transient Entry[] table;

// 存储时:

int hash = key.hashCode(); // 这个hashCode方法这里不详述,只要理解每个key的hash是一个固定的int值

int index = hash % Entry[].length;

Entry[index] = value;

// 取值时:

int hash = key.hashCode();

int index = hash % Entry[].length;

return Entry[index];

public V put(K key, V value) {

        if (key == null)

            return putForNullKey(value); //null总是放在数组的第一个链表中

        int hash = hash(key.hashCode());

        int i = indexFor(hash, table.length);

        //遍历链表

        for (Entry<K,V> e = table[i]; e != null; e = e.next) {

            Object k;

           //如果key在链表中已存在，则替换为新value

            if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k))) {

                V oldValue = e.value;

                e.value = value;

                e.recordAccess(this);

                return oldValue;

            }

        }

        modCount++;

        addEntry(hash, key, value, i);

        return null;

    }

void addEntry(int hash, K key, V value, int bucketIndex) {

    Entry<K,V> e = table[bucketIndex];

    table[bucketIndex] = new Entry<K,V>(hash, key, value, e);//参数e, 是Entry.next

    //如果size超过threshold，则扩充table大小。再散列

    if (size++ >= threshold)

            resize(2 * table.length);

}

public V get(Object key) {

        if (key == null)

            return getForNullKey();

        int hash = hash(key.hashCode());

        //先定位到数组元素，再遍历该元素处的链表

        for (Entry<K,V> e = table[indexFor(hash, table.length)];

             e != null;

             e = e.next) {

            Object k;

            if (e.hash == hash && ((k = e.key) == key || key.equals(k)))

                return e.value;

        }

        return null;

}

private V putForNullKey(V value) {

        for (Entry<K,V> e = table[0]; e != null; e = e.next) {

            if (e.key == null) {

                V oldValue = e.value;

                e.value = value;

                e.recordAccess(this);

                return oldValue;

            }

        }

        modCount++;

        addEntry(0, null, value, 0);

        return null;

    }

    private V getForNullKey() {

        for (Entry<K,V> e = table[0]; e != null; e = e.next) {

            if (e.key == null)

                return e.value;

        }

        return null;

    }

/**

     * Returns index for hash code h.

     */

    static int indexFor(int h, int length) {

        return h & (length-1);

    }

5）table初始大小

public HashMap(int initialCapacity, float loadFactor) {

        .....

        // Find a power of 2 >= initialCapacity

        int capacity = 1;

        while (capacity < initialCapacity)

            capacity <<= 1;

        this.loadFactor = loadFactor;

        threshold = (int)(capacity * loadFactor);

        table = new Entry[capacity];

        init();

    }

注意table初始大小并不是构造函数中的initialCapacity！！

而是 >= initialCapacity的2的n次幂！！！

————为什么这么设计呢？——

3. 解决hash冲突的办法

1. 开放定址法（线性探测再散列，二次探测再散列，伪随机探测再散列）
2. 再哈希法
3. 链地址法
4. 建立一个公共溢出区

Java中hashmap的解决办法就是采用的链地址法。

4. 再散列rehash过程

当哈希表的容量超过默认容量时，必须调整table的大小。当容量已经达到最大可能值时，那么该方法就将容量调整到Integer.MAX_VALUE返回，

这时，需要创建一张新表，将原表的映射到新表中。

/**

     * Rehashes the contents of this map into a new array with a

     * larger capacity.  This method is called automatically when the

     * number of keys in this map reaches its threshold.

     *

     * If current capacity is MAXIMUM_CAPACITY, this method does not

     * resize the map, but sets threshold to Integer.MAX_VALUE.

     * This has the effect of preventing future calls.

     *

     * @param newCapacity the new capacity, MUST be a power of two;

     *        must be greater than current capacity unless current

     *        capacity is MAXIMUM_CAPACITY (in which case value

     *        is irrelevant).

     */

    void resize(int newCapacity) {

        Entry[] oldTable = table;

        int oldCapacity = oldTable.length;

        if (oldCapacity == MAXIMUM_CAPACITY) {

            threshold = Integer.MAX_VALUE;

            return;

        }

        Entry[] newTable = new Entry[newCapacity];

        transfer(newTable);

        table = newTable;

        threshold = (int)(newCapacity * loadFactor);

    }

    /**

     * Transfers all entries from current table to newTable.

     */

    void transfer(Entry[] newTable) {

        Entry[] src = table;

        int newCapacity = newTable.length;

        for (int j = 0; j < src.length; j++) {

            Entry<K,V> e = src[j];

            if (e != null) {

                src[j] = null;

                do {

                    Entry<K,V> next = e.next;

                    //重新计算index

                    int i = indexFor(e.hash, newCapacity);

                    e.next = newTable[i];

                    newTable[i] = e;

                    e = next;

                } while (e != null);

            }

        }

    }