使用Python的BeautifulSoup 类库采集网页内容

BeautifulSoup 一个分析、处理DOM树的类库。可以做网络爬虫。模块简称bs4。

安装类库

easy_install beautifulsoup4  

pip install beautifulsoup4

下面是一些用法

from urllib.request    import    urlopen

from bs4 import    BeautifulSoup

html_doc = """

<html><head><title>The Dormouse's story</title></head>

<body>

<p class="title"><b>The Dormouse's story</b></p>

<p class="story">Once upon a time there were three little sisters; and their names were

<a href="http://example.com/elsie" class="sister" id="link1">Elsie</a>,

<a href="http://example.com/lacie" class="sister" id="link2">Lacie</a> and

<a href="http://example.com/tillie" class="sister text-bold text-danger" id="link3" title="this is title!">Tillie</a>;

and they lived at the bottom of a well.</p>

<p class="red">...</p>

<p class="green">...</p>

<p class="red green">...</p>

</body>

</html>

"""

soup = BeautifulSoup(html_doc, "html.parser")

link3 = soup.find(id='link3')

#  <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/tillie" id="link3" title="this is title!">Tillie</a>

print(link3)

#  <class 'bs4.element.Tag'>

print(type(link3))

# {'href': 'http://example.com/tillie', 'title': 'this is title!', 'id': 'link3', 'class': ['sister', 'text-bold', 'text-danger']}

print(link3.attrs)

# Tillie

print(link3.get_text())

# this is title!

print(link3["title"])

all_a = soup.find_all('a')

#  <a class="sister" href="http://example.com/elsie" id="link1">Elsie</a>

print(all_a[0])

#  ['Elsie', 'Lacie', 'Tillie']

print(soup.find_all(text=["Tillie", "Elsie", "Lacie"]))

#  [<p class="red green">...</p>]

print(soup.find_all("p", {"class":"red", "class":"red green"}))

一个例子

采集所有img标签的title属性的内容

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 

from    urllib.request    import    urlopen

from    urllib.error    import    HTTPError

from    bs4    import    BeautifulSoup

url  = "http://qa.beloved999.com/category/view?id=2"

url  = "http://beloved.finley.com/category/view?id=24"

html = urlopen(url)

bs   = BeautifulSoup(html.read(),"html.parser")

res  = bs.findAll("img", "item-image")

print(len(res))

for a in res:

    print(a['title'])

注意，有些网站会失败，返回403 forbidden。比如我试的开源中国，可能更header头有关。

经查，发送的HTTP_USER_AGENT是Python-urllib/3.4。包含HTTP的信息有

'HTTP_ACCEPT_ENCODING' => 'identity'
'HTTP_CONNECTION' => 'close'
'HTTP_HOST' => 'beloved.finley.com'
'HTTP_USER_AGENT' => 'Python-urllib/3.4' 。

巴特西

使用Python的BeautifulSoup 类库采集网页内容

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