http://www.cnblogs.com/smartvessel/archive/2011/01/21/1940868.html

总结下来主要有3种方法：

. 用ln将需要的so文件链接到/usr/lib或者/lib这两个默认的目录下边

ln -s /where/you/install/lib/*.so /usr/lib

sudo ldconfig

2.修改LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/where/you/install/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

sudo ldconfig

3.修改/etc/ld.so.conf，然后刷新

vim /etc/ld.so.conf

add /where/you/install/lib

sudo ldconfig

形如这个：
#!/bin/bash

CUR=`dirname "$0"`
CUR=`cd "$CUR"; pwd`

# Notice:     set it first
hadoop_client_path=/home/users/wangquanjun/common/hadoop-client
HADOOP_HOME=${hadoop_client_path}/hadoop

export JAVA_HOME=${HADOOP_HOME}/../java6

CLASSPATH=${HADOOP_HOME}/conf
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${HADOOP_HOME}

for path in `ls ${HADOOP_HOME}/hadoop-2-*.jar`
do
   CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$path
done
for path in `ls ${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/*.jar`
do
   CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:$path
done
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/jetty-ext/commons-el.jar
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/jetty-ext/jasper-compiler.jar
CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/jetty-ext/jasper-runtime.jar
export CLASSPATH=${CLASSPATH}:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/jetty-ext/jsp-api.jar

export HADOOP_LIB_DIR=$HADOOP_HOME/lib

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${HADOOP_HOME}/libhdfs:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/amd64:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/amd64/native_threads:${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/amd64/server:${HADOOP_HOME}/lib/native/Linux-amd64-64