<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="org.example"/>

</beans>

@Configuration

@ComponentScan(basePackages = "org.example")

public class AppConfig  {

    ...

}

The use of <context:component-scan> implicitly enables the functionality of <context:annotation-config>. There is usually no need to include the <context:annotation-config> element when using <context:component-scan>.

当在组件类上使用了特定的注解之后, 还需要在 Spring 的配置文件中声明 <context:component-scan> ：

base-package 属性指定一个需要扫描的基类包，Spring 容器将会扫描这个基类包里及其子包中的所有类.

当需要扫描多个包时, 可以使用逗号分隔.

如果仅希望扫描特定的类而非基包下的所有类，可使用 resource-pattern 属性过滤特定的类，示例：

<context:include-filter> 子节点表示要包含的目标类

<context:exclude-filter> 子节点表示要排除在外的目标类

<context:component-scan> 下可以拥有若干个 <context:include-filter> 和 <context:exclude-filter> 子节点

You can also disable the default filters by setting useDefaultFilters=false on the annotation or providing use-default-filters="false" as an attribute of the <component-scan/> element. This will in effect disable automatic detection of classes annotated with @Component, @Repository, @Service, @Controller, or @Configuration.