Android远程服务

一、远程服务主要代码

1.IService.aidl

package com.shz.remoteservice;

interface IService {

    String getTicketInfoById(int id);

}

编译aidl文件自动生成的IService.java文件（存在于gen目录下）

/*

 * This file is auto-generated.  DO NOT MODIFY.

 * Original file: E:\\Code\\Java\\远程服务\\src\\com\\shz\\remoteservice\\IService.aidl

 */

package com.shz.remoteservice;

public interface IService extends android.os.IInterface

{

/** Local-side IPC implementation stub class. */

public static abstract class Stub extends android.os.Binder implements com.shz.remoteservice.IService

{

private static final java.lang.String DESCRIPTOR = "com.shz.remoteservice.IService";

/** Construct the stub at attach it to the interface. */

public Stub()

{

this.attachInterface(this, DESCRIPTOR);

}

/**

 * Cast an IBinder object into an com.shz.remoteservice.IService interface,

 * generating a proxy if needed.

 */

public static com.shz.remoteservice.IService asInterface(android.os.IBinder obj)

{

if ((obj==null)) {

return null;

}

android.os.IInterface iin = obj.queryLocalInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

if (((iin!=null)&&(iin instanceof com.shz.remoteservice.IService))) {

return ((com.shz.remoteservice.IService)iin);

}

return new com.shz.remoteservice.IService.Stub.Proxy(obj);

}

@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()

{

return this;

}

@Override public boolean onTransact(int code, android.os.Parcel data, android.os.Parcel reply, int flags) throws android.os.RemoteException

{

switch (code)

{

case INTERFACE_TRANSACTION:

{

reply.writeString(DESCRIPTOR);

return true;

}

case TRANSACTION_getTicketInfoById:

{

data.enforceInterface(DESCRIPTOR);

int _arg0;

_arg0 = data.readInt();

java.lang.String _result = this.getTicketInfoById(_arg0);

reply.writeNoException();

reply.writeString(_result);

return true;

}

}

return super.onTransact(code, data, reply, flags);

}

private static class Proxy implements com.shz.remoteservice.IService

{

private android.os.IBinder mRemote;

Proxy(android.os.IBinder remote)

{

mRemote = remote;

}

@Override public android.os.IBinder asBinder()

{

return mRemote;

}

public java.lang.String getInterfaceDescriptor()

{

return DESCRIPTOR;

}

@Override public java.lang.String getTicketInfoById(int id) throws android.os.RemoteException

{

android.os.Parcel _data = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

android.os.Parcel _reply = android.os.Parcel.obtain();

java.lang.String _result;

try {

_data.writeInterfaceToken(DESCRIPTOR);

_data.writeInt(id);

mRemote.transact(Stub.TRANSACTION_getTicketInfoById, _data, _reply, 0);

_reply.readException();

_result = _reply.readString();

}

finally {

_reply.recycle();

_data.recycle();

}

return _result;

}

}

static final int TRANSACTION_getTicketInfoById = (android.os.IBinder.FIRST_CALL_TRANSACTION + 0);

}

public java.lang.String getTicketInfoById(int id) throws android.os.RemoteException;

}

2.TicketService.java

package com.shz.remoteservice;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import android.app.Service;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.os.Binder;

import android.os.IBinder;

import android.util.Log;

/**

 * 后台服务（组件），提供查询电影票相关信息

 * @author SHZ

 *

 */

public class TicketService extends Service {

    private final static String TAG = "TicketService";

    private List<Ticket> tickets;

    @Override

    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

        Log.i(TAG, "onBind 服务绑定成功");

        // 2.Activity绑定服务成功之后，服务返回给Activity一个IBinder类型的对象，

        // 通过该对象，Activity就可以和服务进行交互了，就像一个代理一样

        return new TicketBinder();

    }

    @Override

    public void onCreate() {

        super.onCreate();

        Log.i(TAG, "onCreate 服务创建成功");

        this.tickets = new ArrayList<Ticket>();

        this.tickets.add(new Ticket(1, "变形金刚4", 103));

        this.tickets.add(new Ticket(2, "窃听风云3", 86));

        this.tickets.add(new Ticket(3, "反腐风暴", 75));

    }

    @Override

    public void onStart(Intent intent, int startId) {

        Log.i(TAG, "onStart 服务启动");

        super.onStart(intent, startId);

    }

    @Override

    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {

        Log.i(TAG, "onStartCommand 服务启动");

        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);

    }

    @Override

    public boolean onUnbind(Intent intent) {

        Log.i(TAG, "onUnbind 服务解绑成功");

        return super.onUnbind(intent);

    }

    @Override

    public void onDestroy() {

        super.onDestroy();

        Log.i(TAG, "onDestroy 服务销毁成功");

    }

    private Ticket getTicket(int id)

    {

        for(Ticket ticket:this.tickets)

        {

            if(ticket.Id == id)

            {

                return ticket;

            }

        }

        return null;

    }

    /**

     * 服务内部方法：查询电影票信息

     * @param id

     * @return

     */

    public String getTicketInfo(int id)

    {

        Ticket ticket = this.getTicket(id);

        if(ticket == null)

        {

            return "未查询到该电影票信息";

        }

        else

        {

            return ticket.toString();

        }

    }

    /**

     * 服务内部方法（测试用，没有意义）：更新电影票价格

     * @param id

     * @param newPrice

     */

    public void updateTicketPrice(int id, float newPrice)

    {

        Ticket ticket = this.getTicket(id);

        if(ticket != null)

        {

            ticket.Price = newPrice;

        }

    }

    /**

     * 自定义一个代理类，继承Binder并实现IService接口。

     * 服务会返回该类的一个实例给调用者，调用者可通过该实例调用相应的类方法

     * @author SHZ

     *

     */

    private class TicketBinder extends IService.Stub

    {

        /**

         * 实现IService接口中的方法，调用服务内部的方法，这样调用服务的Activity就可以获取电影票信息了

         */

        @Override

        public String getTicketInfoById(int id) {

            return getTicketInfo(id);

        }

        /**

         * 由于该方法并未在IService接口中定义，故调用者无法使用该方法

         * @param id

         * @param newPrice

         */

        public void updateTicketPrice(int id,float newPrice)

        {

            updateTicketPrice(id, newPrice);

        }

    }

}

3.Ticket.java(实体类)

package com.shz.remoteservice;

public class Ticket {

    public int Id;

    public String Name;

    public float Price;

    public Ticket(int id, String name, float price) {

        Id = id;

        Name = name;

        Price = price;

    }

    @Override

    public String toString() {

        return "您查询的电影是："+this.Name+"，票价为："+this.Price;

    }

}

4.清单配置文件AndroidManifest.xml

<service android:name="com.shz.remoteservice.TicketService">

            <intent-filter>

                <!-- 如果用于远程服务，则需指定action -->

                <action android:name="com.shz.TICKETSERVICE"/>

            </intent-filter>

        </service>

二、调用远程服务的代码

1.把远程服务工程里面的IService.aidl文件（包括包名）拷贝到调用者的工程中

2.调用代码

package com.shz.callremoteservice;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.ComponentName;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.content.ServiceConnection;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.IBinder;

import android.os.RemoteException;

import android.text.TextUtils;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.EditText;

import android.widget.TextView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import com.shz.remoteservice.IService;

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

    private TicketServiceConnection conn;

    private IService ticketBinder;

    private EditText txtTicketId;

    private TextView lblTicketInfo;

    @Override

    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

        txtTicketId = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.txtTicketId);

        lblTicketInfo = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.lblTicketInfo);

    }

    private class TicketServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection

    {

        @Override

        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {

            // 2.绑定服务成功之后，后台服务会返回IBinder类型的 service 对象，通过该对象可以间接调用后台服务的方法

            ticketBinder = IService.Stub.asInterface(service);

        }

        @Override

        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {

        }

    }

    /**

     * 绑定服务

     * @param view

     */

    public void bindService(View view) {

        Intent service = new Intent();

        service.setAction("com.shz.TICKETSERVICE");    // 通过action指定要调用的服务

        // 1.绑定服务

        // service：服务意图

        // new TicketServiceConnection()：与后台服务连接的对象，接收后台服务信息

        // BIND_AUTO_CREATE：如果服务没有被创建，则自动创建并绑定

        conn = new TicketServiceConnection();

        bindService(service, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);

    }

    @Override

    protected void onDestroy() {

        try {

            unbindService(conn);

        } catch (Exception e) {

        }

        super.onDestroy();

    }

    public void callServiceMethod(View view) {

        if(this.ticketBinder == null)

        {

            Toast.makeText(this, "请先绑定服务", 1).show();

        }

        else

        {

            String strTicketId = this.txtTicketId.getText().toString().trim();

            if(TextUtils.isEmpty(strTicketId))

            {

                Toast.makeText(this, "请输入电影票Id", 1).show();

                return;

            }

            try {

                // 3.调用IBinder对象的方法

                String ticketInfo = this.ticketBinder.getTicketInfoById(Integer.parseInt(strTicketId));

                this.lblTicketInfo.setText(ticketInfo);

            } catch (NumberFormatException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            } catch (RemoteException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

        }

    }

}

3.前台UI布局代码

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:id="@+id/container"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:orientation="vertical"

    tools:context="com.shz.localservice.MainActivity"

    tools:ignore="MergeRootFrame" >

    <Button

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:onClick="bindService"

        android:text="绑定服务" />

    <EditText

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:hint="请输入电影票Id"

        android:id="@+id/txtTicketId"/>

    <Button

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:onClick="callServiceMethod"

        android:text="查询" />

    <TextView

        android:layout_width="match_parent"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"

        android:id="@+id/lblTicketInfo"

        android:textColor="#ff0000"/>

</LinearLayout>

调用服务前必须先绑定服务（当然了，远程服务必须首先启动起来）

调用结果截图：

巴特西

Android远程服务

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