mac 设置 MySQL 数据库默认编码（字符集）为 UTF-8

鉴于有些刚接触 MySQL 数据库的人，经常会碰到数据库中文显示的问题，MySQL 数据库刚安装时默认编码是 latin1，所以如果在数据库建表的时候没有设置 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 的话，就会导致数据库无法设置或显示中文的问题，下面给出在 Mac 下将 MySQL 的默认编码改为 UTF-8。

查看自己的 MySQL 的编码方式

• 先连接 MySQL 数据库 ，在终端输入以下命令，回车后输入 MySQL 的密码。

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

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• 然后输入以下命令查看自己的 MySQL 的编码方式。

show variables like '%char%';

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修改 MySQL 的默认编码

• 进入到 /usr/local/mysql/support-files 目录，找到 my-default.cnf文件，将其复制到桌面上，重命名为 my.cnf 。

• 右键桌面上的 my.cnf 文件，打开方式选择 文本编辑 ，然后将全部内容替换为下面代码。

# Example MySQL config file for small systems.

#

# This is for a system with little memory (<= 64M) where MySQL is only used

# from time to time and it's important that the mysqld daemon

# doesn't use much resources.

#

# MySQL programs look for option files in a set of

# locations which depend on the deployment platform.

# You can copy this option file to one of those

# locations. For information about these locations, see:

# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/option-files.html

#

# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.

# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program

# with the "--help" option.  

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients

[client]

default-character-set=utf8

#password   = your_password

port        = 3306

socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock  

# Here follows entries for some specific programs  

# The MySQL server

[mysqld]

default-storage-engine=INNODB

character-set-server=utf8

collation-server=utf8_general_ci

port        = 3306

socket      = /tmp/mysql.sock

skip-external-locking

key_buffer_size = 16K

max_allowed_packet = 1M

table_open_cache = 4

sort_buffer_size = 64K

read_buffer_size = 256K

read_rnd_buffer_size = 256K

net_buffer_length = 2K

thread_stack = 128K  

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,

# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.

# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.

# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows

# (using the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!

#

#skip-networking

server-id   = 1 

# Uncomment the following if you want to log updates

#log-bin=mysql-bin  

# binary logging format - mixed recommended

#binlog_format=mixed  

# Causes updates to non-transactional engines using statement format to be

# written directly to binary log. Before using this option make sure that

# there are no dependencies between transactional and non-transactional

# tables such as in the statement INSERT INTO t_myisam SELECT * FROM

# t_innodb; otherwise, slaves may diverge from the master.

#binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates=TRUE  

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables

#innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data

#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend

#innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data

# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %

# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high

#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M

#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M

# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size

#innodb_log_file_size = 5M

#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M

#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1

#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 

[mysqldump]

quick

max_allowed_packet = 16M  

[mysql]

no-auto-rehash

# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL

#safe-updates  

[myisamchk]

key_buffer_size = 8M

sort_buffer_size = 8M  

[mysqlhotcopy]

interactive-timeout

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• 将修改后的文件 my.cnf 复制到 /etc 目录下。

• 重启 MySQL 数据库就 ok 了。