Spring JDBC 例子
2024-08-28 00:39:20
http://www.yiibai.com/spring/spring_jdbc_example.html
要了解有关Spring JDBC框架与JdbcTemplate类的概念,让我们写这将实现所有在下面Student表的CRUD操作的简单例子。
CREATE TABLE Student(
ID INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
NAME VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
AGE INT NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
在开始之前,让我们使用Eclipse IDE,并按照下面的步骤来创建一个Spring应用程序:
步骤 | 描述 |
---|---|
1 | Create a project with a name SpringExample and create a package com.yiibai under the src folder in the created project. |
2 | Add required Spring libraries using Add External JARs option as explained in the Spring Hello World Example chapter. |
3 | Add Spring JDBC specific latest libraries mysql-connector-java.jar,org.springframework.jdbc.jar and org.springframework.transaction.jar in the project. You can download required libraries if you do not have them already. |
4 | Create DAO interface StudentDAO and list down all the required methods. Though it is not required and you can directly write StudentJDBCTemplate class, but as a good practice, let's do it. |
5 | Create other required Java classes Student, StudentMapper, StudentJDBCTemplate andMainApp under the com.yiibai package. |
6 | Make sure you already created Student table in TEST database. Also make sure your MySQL server is working fine and you have read/write access on the database using the give username and password. |
7 | Create Beans configuration file Beans.xml under the src folder. |
8 | The final step is to create the content of all the Java files and Bean Configuration file and run the application as explained below. |
以下是数据访问对象接口文件StudentDAO.java的内容:
package com.yiibai; import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource; public interface StudentDAO {
/**
* This is the method to be used to initialize
* database resources ie. connection.
*/
public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
/**
* This is the method to be used to create
* a record in the Student table.
*/
public void create(String name, Integer age);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down
* a record from the Student table corresponding
* to a passed student id.
*/
public Student getStudent(Integer id);
/**
* This is the method to be used to list down
* all the records from the Student table.
*/
public List<Student> listStudents();
/**
* This is the method to be used to delete
* a record from the Student table corresponding
* to a passed student id.
*/
public void delete(Integer id);
/**
* This is the method to be used to update
* a record into the Student table.
*/
public void update(Integer id, Integer age);
}
以下是Student.java文件的内容:
package com.yiibai; public class Student {
private Integer age;
private String name;
private Integer id; public void setAge(Integer age) {
this.age = age;
}
public Integer getAge() {
return age;
} public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
} public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
}
以下是StudentMapper.java文件的内容:
package com.yiibai; import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; public class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {
public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
Student student = new Student();
student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
return student;
}
}
下面是实现类文件StudentJDBCTemplate.java 定义DAO接口StudentDAO:
package com.yiibai; import java.util.List;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {
private DataSource dataSource;
private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject; public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
this.dataSource = dataSource;
this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
} public void create(String name, Integer age) {
String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)"; jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
return;
} public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?";
Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL,
new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper());
return student;
} public List<Student> listStudents() {
String SQL = "select * from Student";
List <Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL,
new StudentMapper());
return students;
} public void delete(Integer id){
String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?";
jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id);
System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id );
return;
} public void update(Integer id, Integer age){
String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id);
System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id );
return;
} }
以下是MainApp.java文件的内容:
package com.yiibai; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate; public class MainApp {
public static void main(String[] args) {
ApplicationContext context =
new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml"); StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate =
(StudentJDBCTemplate)context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate"); System.out.println("------Records Creation--------" );
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15); System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------" );
List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
for (Student record : students) {
System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId() );
System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName() );
System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
} System.out.println("----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----" );
studentJDBCTemplate.update(2, 20); System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----" );
Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2);
System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId() );
System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName() );
System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge()); }
}
以下是配置文件beans.xml文件:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd "> <!-- Initialization for data source -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/TEST"/>
<property name="username" value="root"/>
<property name="password" value="password"/>
</bean> <!-- Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean -->
<bean id="studentJDBCTemplate"
class="com.yiibai.StudentJDBCTemplate">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean> </beans>
创建源代码和bean配置文件完成后,让我们运行应用程序。如果一切顺利,这将打印以下信息:
------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----
Updated Record with ID = 2
----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 20
你可以尝试删除操作,我在例子中没有使用过,但现在你有一个工作的应用程序基于Spring的JDBC框架,它可以扩展到根据项目要求增加复杂的功能。还有其他的方法来访问,将使用针对NamedParameterJdbcTemplate和SimpleJdbcTemplate类的数据库,所以如果你有兴趣学习这些课程,请参考Spring框架手册。
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