iOS - 系统权限(关键时刻很有用的)

iOS开发中权限问题：

APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题：适配iOS10，如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后，感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结，以便后用。

权限分类

联网权限
相册权限
相机、麦克风权限
定位权限
推送权限
通讯录权限
日历、备忘录权限

联网权限

引入头文件 @import CoreTelephony;

检查应用是否有联网功能

CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];

CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState;

 switch (state) {

  case kCTCellularDataRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricrted");

      break;

  case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Not Restricted");

      break;

  case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:

      NSLog(@"Unknown");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

应用启动后，获取应用中是否有联网权限

CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];

cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier =  ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){

  //获取联网状态

  switch (state) {

      case kCTCellularDataRestricted:

          NSLog(@"Restricrted");

          break;

      case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:

          NSLog(@"Not Restricted");

          break;

      case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:

          NSLog(@"Unknown");

          break;

      default:

          break;

  };

};

相册权限--iOS 9.0之前

导入头文件@import AssetsLibrary;

检查是否有相册权限

ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];

switch (status) {

  case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      break;

  case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied");

      break;

  case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

相册权限--iOS 8.0之后

导入头文件@import Photos;

检查是否有相册权限

PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];

switch (photoAuthorStatus) {

  case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      break;

  case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied");

      break;

  case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

};

获取相册权限

 [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {

  if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

  }else{

      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

  }

  }];

相机和麦克风权限

导入头文件@import AVFoundation;

检查是否有相机或麦克风权限

AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限

AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限

switch (AVstatus) {

  case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      break;

  case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied");

      break;

  case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

获取相机或麦克风权限

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限

  if (granted) {

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

  }else{

      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

  }

}];

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限

  if (granted) {

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

  }else{

      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

  }

}];

定位权限

导入头文件@import CoreLocation;
由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；

检查是否有定位权限

BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];

if (!isLocation) {

  NSLog(@"not turn on the location");

}

CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];

switch (CLstatus) {

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:

      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:

      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

获取定位权限

CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];

[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息

[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息

在代理方法中查看权限是否改变

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{

 switch (status) {

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:

      NSLog(@"Always Authorized");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:

      NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

  }

}

推送权限

检查是否有通讯权限

  UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];

switch (settings.types) {

  case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:

      NSLog(@"None");

      break;

  case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:

      NSLog(@"Alert Notification");

      break;

  case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:

      NSLog(@"Badge Notification");

      break;

  case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:

      NSLog(@"sound Notification'");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

获取推送权限

UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];

[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

通讯录权限

iOS9.0之前

导入头文件 @import AddressBook;

检查是否有通讯录权限

ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();

switch (ABstatus) {

  case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      break;

  case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied'");

      break;

  case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

获取通讯录权限

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);

ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {

  if (granted) {

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      CFRelease(addressBook);

  }else{

      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

  }

});

iOS9.0及以后

导入头文件 @import Contacts;

检查是否有通讯录权限

CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts];

  switch (status) {

        case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

        {

            NSLog(@"Authorized:");

        }

            break;

        case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{

            NSLog(@"Denied");

        }

            break;

        case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{

            NSLog(@"Restricted");

        }

            break;

        case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{

             NSLog(@"NotDetermined");

        }

            break;

       }

获取通讯录权限

CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];

    [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {

        if (granted) {

           NSLog(@"Authorized");

        }else{

           NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

        }

    }];

日历、备忘录权限

导入头文件
检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限

 typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) {

  EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历

  EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘

 };

EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore  authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];

switch (EKstatus) {

  case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

      break;

  case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:

      NSLog(@"Denied'");

      break;

  case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:

      NSLog(@"not Determined");

      break;

  case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:

      NSLog(@"Restricted");

      break;

  default:

      break;

}

获取日历或备忘录权限

EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];

[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {

  if (granted) {

      NSLog(@"Authorized");

  }else{

      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");

  }

}];

最后一点

素有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
```
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsURLString]];
```

还有蓝牙...等

巴特西

iOS - 系统权限(关键时刻很有用的)

权限分类

联网权限

相册权限--iOS 9.0之前

相册权限--iOS 8.0之后

相机和麦克风权限

定位权限

推送权限

通讯录权限

iOS9.0之前

iOS9.0及以后

日历、备忘录权限

最后一点

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