Spring入门第二十课
2024-09-29 08:31:17
返回通知,异常通知,环绕通知
看代码:
package logan.study.aop.impl; public interface ArithmeticCalculator { int add(int i, int j);
int sub(int i, int j);
int mul(int i, int j);
int div(int i, int j); }
package logan.study.aop.impl; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; @Component
public class ArithmeticCalculatorImpl implements ArithmeticCalculator { @Override
public int add(int i, int j) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int result = i + j;
return result;
} @Override
public int sub(int i, int j) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int result = i - j;
return result;
} @Override
public int mul(int i, int j) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int result = i * j;
return result;
} @Override
public int div(int i, int j) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int result = i / j;
return result;
} }
package logan.study.aop.impl; import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; //把这个类声明为一个切面:需要把该类放入到IOC容器中,在声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
//声明该方法时一个前置通知:在目标方法开始之前执行
@Before("execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))")
public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" begins with "+args);
} //后置通知,在目标方法执行之后执行(无论该方法是否出现异常)
//在后置通知中,还不能访问目标方法执行的结果,执行结果在返回通知中可以访问
@After("execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))")
public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" ends with "+args);
} //返回通知,在方法正常结束时执行的代码
//返回通知是可以访问返回值的
@AfterReturning(value="execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))",
returning="result")
public void afterReturningMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint,Object result){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" ends with "+result);
} //异常通知,在方法抛出异常时调用
@AfterThrowing(value="execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))",
throwing="ex")
public void afterThrowingMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint,Exception ex){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" occus with "+ex);
} }
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.3.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="logan.study.aop.impl"></context:component-scan>
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy></aop:aspectj-autoproxy> </beans>
package logan.study.aop.impl; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//1.创建Spring的IOC容器
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//2.从IOC容器里面获取bean实例
ArithmeticCalculator arithmeticCalculator = ctx.getBean(ArithmeticCalculator.class);
//使用Bean
int result = arithmeticCalculator.add(3, 6);
System.out.println(result); result = arithmeticCalculator.div(3, 0);
System.out.println(result); } }
执行结果:
五月 28, 2017 6:23:42 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@49c2faae: startup date [Sun May 28 06:23:42 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
五月 28, 2017 6:23:42 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]
The method add begins with [3, 6]
The method add ends with [3, 6]
The method add ends with 9
9
The method div begins with [3, 0]
The method div ends with [3, 0]
The method div occus with java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.div(ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.java:32)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:333)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterAdvice.java:47)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.invoke(AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:62)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy10.div(Unknown Source)
at logan.study.aop.impl.Main.main(Main.java:18)
在这里稍微改改代码:我们把异常改成空指针异常
package logan.study.aop.impl; import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; //把这个类声明为一个切面:需要把该类放入到IOC容器中,在声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect {
//声明该方法时一个前置通知:在目标方法开始之前执行
@Before("execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))")
public void beforeMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" begins with "+args);
} //后置通知,在目标方法执行之后执行(无论该方法是否出现异常)
//在后置通知中,还不能访问目标方法执行的结果,执行结果在返回通知中可以访问
@After("execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))")
public void afterMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
List<Object> args = Arrays.asList(joinPoint.getArgs());
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" ends with "+args);
} //返回通知,在方法正常结束时执行的代码
//返回通知是可以访问返回值的
@AfterReturning(value="execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))",
returning="result")
public void afterReturningMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint,Object result){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" ends with "+result);
} //异常通知,在方法抛出异常时调用
@AfterThrowing(value="execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))",
throwing="ex")
public void afterThrowingMethod(JoinPoint joinPoint,NullPointerException ex){
String methodName = joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
System.out.println("The method "+ methodName +" occus with "+ex);
} }
执行结果:
五月 28, 2017 6:28:32 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@49c2faae: startup date [Sun May 28 06:28:32 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
五月 28, 2017 6:28:32 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]
The method add begins with [3, 6]
The method add ends with [3, 6]
The method add ends with 9
9
The method div begins with [3, 0]
The method div ends with [3, 0]
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
at logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.div(ArithmeticCalculatorImpl.java:32)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
at org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:333)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:190)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:157)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.invoke(MethodBeforeAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterAdvice.java:47)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.adapter.AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.invoke(AfterReturningAdviceInterceptor.java:52)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.aspectj.AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.invoke(AspectJAfterThrowingAdvice.java:62)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:92)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:179)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:213)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy10.div(Unknown Source)
at logan.study.aop.impl.Main.main(Main.java:18)
可以看到异常通知没有执行。只有当发生空指针异常时才会执行。
下面看环绕通知:
package logan.study.aop.impl; import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List; import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; //把这个类声明为一个切面:需要把该类放入到IOC容器中,在声明为一个切面
@Aspect
@Component
public class LoggingAspect { /**
* 环绕通知需要携带ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数
* 环绕通知类似于动态代理的全过程:ProceedingJoinPoint类型的参数可以决定是否执行目标方法
* 且环绕通知必须有返回值,返回值即为目标方法的返回值
*/ @Around("execution(public int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.*(int, int))")
public Object aroundMethod(ProceedingJoinPoint pjd){
Object result = null;
String methodName = pjd.getSignature().getName();
//执行目标方法
try{
//前置通知
System.out.println("The method" + methodName + " begins with " + Arrays.asList(pjd.getArgs())); result = pjd.proceed();
//返回通知
System.out.println("The method" + methodName + " ends with " + result);
}catch(Throwable e){
//异常通知
System.out.println("The method occurs exception:" + e); }
//后置通知
System.out.println("The method " + methodName + "ends");
return result;
} }
package logan.study.aop.impl; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
//1.创建Spring的IOC容器
ApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
//2.从IOC容器里面获取bean实例
ArithmeticCalculator arithmeticCalculator = ctx.getBean(ArithmeticCalculator.class);
//使用Bean
int result = arithmeticCalculator.add(3, 6);
System.out.println(result); result = arithmeticCalculator.div(3, 0);
System.out.println(result); } }
返回结果:
五月 28, 2017 6:51:09 上午 org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext prepareRefresh
信息: Refreshing org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext@49c2faae: startup date [Sun May 28 06:51:09 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
五月 28, 2017 6:51:09 上午 org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader loadBeanDefinitions
信息: Loading XML bean definitions from class path resource [applicationContext.xml]
The methodadd begins with [3, 6]
The methodadd ends with 9
The method addends
9
The methoddiv begins with [3, 0]
The method occurs exception:java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero
The method divends
Exception in thread "main" org.springframework.aop.AopInvocationException: Null return value from advice does not match primitive return type for: public abstract int logan.study.aop.impl.ArithmeticCalculator.div(int,int)
at org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:227)
at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy7.div(Unknown Source)
at logan.study.aop.impl.Main.main(Main.java:18)
环绕通知一般来说不常用。
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