Linux系统管理第五次作业 LVM逻辑卷 磁盘配额
1．为主机增加80G SCSI 接口硬盘
2．划分三个各20G的主分区
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdf
欢迎使用 fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2)。
更改将停留在内存中，直到您决定将更改写入磁盘。
使用写入命令前请三思。
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
使用磁盘标识符 0xdd4cecd7 创建新的 DOS 磁盘标签。
命令(输入 m 获取帮助)：n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
分区号 (1-4，默认 1)：
起始 扇区 (2048-167772159，默认为 2048)：
将使用默认值 2048
Last 扇区, +扇区 or +size{K,M,G} (2048-167772159，默认为 167772159)：+20G
分区 1 已设置为 Linux 类型，大小设为 20 GiB
3．将三个主分区转换为物理卷（pvcreate），扫描系统中的物理卷
[root@localhost ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdf[1,2,3]
Physical volume "/dev/sdf1" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdf2" successfully created
Physical volume "/dev/sdf3" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sdd1 VG zhu lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdd2 VG zhu lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sdd3 VG zhu lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 1012.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdd4 VG zhu lvm2 [2.00 GiB / 2.00 GiB free]
PV /dev/sde1 VG cun lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde2 VG cun lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 0 free]
PV /dev/sde3 VG cun lvm2 [5.00 GiB / 2.99 GiB free]
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [39.51 GiB / 44.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sdf1 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdf3 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sdf2 lvm2 [20.00 GiB]
Total: 11 [131.48 GiB] / in use: 8 [71.48 GiB] / in no VG: 3 [60.00 GiB]
4．使用两个物理卷创建卷组，名字为myvg，查看卷组大小
[root@localhost ~]# vgcreate myvg /dev/sdf[1,2]
Volume group "myvg" successfully created
[root@localhost ~]# vgdisplay /dev/myvg
--- Volume group ---
VG Name myvg
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 2
Metadata Sequence No 1
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 0
Open LV 0
Max PV 0
Cur PV 2
Act PV 2
VG Size 39.99 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 10238
Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0
Free PE / Size 10238 / 39.99 GiB
VG UUID 2Hntlm-Jrmi-j3YR-mcfQ-oyBa-3RTM-Noy1ZF
5．创建逻辑卷mylv，大小为30G
[root@localhost ~]# lvcreate -L 30G -n mylv myvg
Logical volume "mylv" created.
6．将逻辑卷格式化成xfs文件系统，并挂载到/data目录上，创建文件测试
[root@localhost ~]# mkfs.xfs /dev/myvg/mylv
meta-data=/dev/myvg/mylv isize=256 agcount=4, agsize=1966080 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=0 finobt=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7864320, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=0
log =internal log bsize=4096 blocks=3840, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /data
[root@localhost ~]# mount /dev/myvg/mylv /dat
7．增大逻辑卷到35G
[root@localhost ~]# lvextend -L +5G /dev/myvg/mylv
Size of logical volume myvg/mylv changed from 30.00 GiB (7680 extents) to 35.00 GiB (8960 extents).
Logical volume mylv successfully resized
8．编辑/etc/fstab文件挂载逻辑卷，并支持磁盘配额选项
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab
/dev/myvg/mylv /data xfs auto,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
9．创建磁盘配额，crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件大小软限制为80M，硬限制为100M，
crushlinux用户在/data目录下文件数量软限制为80个，硬限制为100个。
[root@localhost ~]# quotacheck -avug
quotacheck: Skipping /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv [/data]
quotacheck: Cannot find filesystem to check or filesystem not mounted with quota option.
[root@localhost ~]# quotaon /data
quotaon: Enforcing group quota already on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
quotaon: Enforcing user quota already on /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
[root@localhost ~]# edquota -u crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 8889):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv 0 81920 102400 0 80 100
[root@localhost ~]# quota -uvs crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 8889):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 81920K 100M 0 80 100
10．使用touch dd 命令在/data目录下测试
[root@localhost ~]# su crushlinux
[crushlinux@localhost root]$ touch /data/a{1..102}
touch: 无法创建"/data/a101": 超出磁盘限额
touch: 无法创建"/data/a102": 超出磁盘限额
[crushlinux@localhost data]$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/bigfile bs=1M count=105
dd: 写入"/data/bigfile" 出错: 超出磁盘限额
记录了91+0 的读入
记录了90+0 的写出
94371840字节(94 MB)已复制，0.0578038 秒，1.6 GB/秒
11．查看配额的使用情况：用户角度
[root@localhost ~]# quota -uvs crushlinux
Disk quotas for user crushlinux (uid 8889):
Filesystem space quota limit grace files quota limit grace
/dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
0K 81920K 100M 100* 80 100 6days
12．查看配额的使用情况：文件系统角度
[root@localhost ~]# repquota -auvs
*** Report for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Block grace time: 7days; Inode grace time: 7days
Space limits File limits
User used soft hard grace used soft hard grace
----------------------------------------------------------------------
root -- 4K 0K 0K 3 0 0
crushlinux -+ 0K 81920K 100M 100 80 100 6days
*** Status for user quotas on device /dev/mapper/myvg-mylv
Accounting: ON; Enforcement: ON
Inode: #131 (3 blocks, 3 extents)
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