1. 环境准备

笔者此次使用的Linux系统是CentOS 8 ，没错，目前已经停止维护，但就操作而言，和其他Linux发行版大同小异

目前的GeoServer版本是2.21

1.1 Git环境

yum install git

Git用来获取GitHub上的源代码

1.2 Maven环境

yum install maven

Maven是GeoServer使用的管理工具

同时，Maven依赖于Java，yum在安装Maven时也下载好了Java 1.8

[root@3a310ba0df96 /]# java -version

openjdk version "1.8.0_312"

OpenJDK Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_312-b07)

OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.312-b07, mixed mode)

1.3 拉取GeoServer源代码

GeoServer源代码：https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver

git clone https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver.git

1.4 使用Maven构建

参考官方手册：https://docs.geoserver.org/latest/en/developer/quickstart/maven.html

官方Github构建指南：https://github.com/geoserver/geoserver#building

cd geoserver/src

mvn install -D skipTests -T 2C

等待Maven下载jar包，直到构建完成：

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

[INFO] Reactor Summary:

[INFO]

[INFO] GeoServer 2.21-SNAPSHOT ............................ SUCCESS [  8.281 s]

[INFO] Core Platform Module ............................... SUCCESS [  3.460 s]

[INFO] Open Web Service Module ............................ SUCCESS [  0.684 s]

[INFO] Main Module ........................................ SUCCESS [04:19 min]

[INFO] GeoServer Security Modules ......................... SUCCESS [  3.105 s]

[INFO] GeoServer Security Tests Module .................... SUCCESS [  4.552 s]

[INFO] GeoServer JDBC Security Module ..................... SUCCESS [ 45.418 s]

[INFO] GeoServer LDAP Security Module ..................... SUCCESS [ 49.383 s]

[INFO] Web Coverage Service Module ........................ SUCCESS [  3.819 s]

[INFO] Web Coverage Service 1.0 Module .................... SUCCESS [ 47.645 s]

[INFO] Web Coverage Service 1.1 Module .................... SUCCESS [ 50.148 s]

[INFO] Web Coverage Service 2.0 Module .................... SUCCESS [  8.879 s]

[INFO] Web Feature Service Module ......................... SUCCESS [01:00 min]

[INFO] Web Map Service Module ............................. SUCCESS [01:43 min]

[INFO] KML support for GeoServer .......................... SUCCESS [  7.563 s]

[INFO] gs-rest ............................................ SUCCESS [  6.339 s]

[INFO] GeoWebCache (GWC) Module ........................... SUCCESS [ 46.647 s]

[INFO] gs-restconfig ...................................... SUCCESS [ 53.957 s]

[INFO] gs-restconfig-wcs .................................. SUCCESS [  1.968 s]

[INFO] gs-restconfig-wfs .................................. SUCCESS [  2.216 s]

[INFO] gs-restconfig-wms .................................. SUCCESS [  1.335 s]

[INFO] WMTS REST configuration ............................ SUCCESS [  1.512 s]

[INFO] GeoServer Web Modules .............................. SUCCESS [  0.159 s]

[INFO] Core UI Module ..................................... SUCCESS [01:07 min]

[INFO] WMS UI Module ...................................... SUCCESS [  3.021 s]

[INFO] GWC UI Module ...................................... SUCCESS [  3.348 s]

[INFO] WFS UI Module ...................................... SUCCESS [  1.546 s]

[INFO] Demos Module ....................................... SUCCESS [  8.639 s]

[INFO] WCS UI Module ...................................... SUCCESS [  1.684 s]

[INFO] Security UI Modules ................................ SUCCESS [  0.108 s]

[INFO] Security UI Core Module ............................ SUCCESS [  4.154 s]

[INFO] Security UI JDBC Module ............................ SUCCESS [  1.378 s]

[INFO] Security UI LDAP Module ............................ SUCCESS [  4.270 s]

[INFO] REST UI Module ..................................... SUCCESS [  1.372 s]

[INFO] GeoServer Web Application .......................... SUCCESS [01:15 min]

[INFO] Community Space .................................... SUCCESS [  0.161 s]

[INFO] GeoServer Extensions 2.21-SNAPSHOT ................. SUCCESS [  0.133 s]

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

[INFO] Total time: 09:22 min (Wall Clock)

[INFO] Finished at: 2022-04-23T03:56:07Z

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

BTW：GeoServer是基于Spring框架构建的，目前Spring cloud如火如荼，GeoServer也在往这方面发展，详见：Cloud Native GeoServer, 不过，截至目前，该项目还未正式完成

1.5 运行GeoServer

切换目录：

cd web/app

运行GeoServer:

mvn jetty:run

等待Jetty启动完成，使用浏览器输入网址：http://localhost:8080/geoserver/

点击图层预览，发现一个图层也没有哇：

2. 发布地图服务

此处笔者使用的是一个shapefile的线状矢量图层,数据来源于官方自带的示例数据，位于geoserver/data/release/data/shapefiles/states.shp

2.1 图层预览

在QGIS里，图层看起来是这样的：

2.2 登陆GeoServer

默认账户和密码：

账户：admin
密码：geoserver

2.3 创建一个新的工作空间

官方文档：工作区由名称和命名空间URI（统一资源标识符）定义。工作区名称限制为10个字符，不能包含空格。URI类似于URL，只是URI不需要指向web上的实际位置，只需要是唯一的标识符。对于工作区URI，我们建议使用与项目关联的URL，可能使用不同的尾随标识符。例如， http://www.openplans.org/topp 是“topp”工作区的URI