[PE]结构分析与代码实现
2024-09-07 05:14:05
PE结构浅析
知识导向：
程序最开始是存放在磁盘上的，运行程序首先需要申请4GB的内存，将程序从磁盘copy到内存，但不是直接复制，而是进行拉伸处理。
这也就是为什么会有一个文件中地址和一个VirtualAddress，即所谓的FOA和VA
RVA是相对地址，也就是相对于可选头中ImageBase的存放地址，文件中的VA都是RVA
先上pe总览图
：）好吧，看上去还是挺复杂的，但慢慢分析，还是可以大概分析清楚的
- DOS_HEADER
typedef struct _IMAGE_DOS_HEADER { // DOS .EXE header
WORD e_magic; // Magic number
WORD e_cblp; // Bytes on last page of file
WORD e_cp; // Pages in file
WORD e_crlc; // Relocations
WORD e_cparhdr; // Size of header in paragraphs
WORD e_minalloc; // Minimum extra paragraphs needed
WORD e_maxalloc; // Maximum extra paragraphs needed
WORD e_ss; // Initial (relative) SS value
WORD e_sp; // Initial SP value
WORD e_csum; // Checksum
WORD e_ip; // Initial IP value
WORD e_cs; // Initial (relative) CS value
WORD e_lfarlc; // File address of relocation table
WORD e_ovno; // Overlay number
WORD e_res[4]; // Reserved words
WORD e_oemid; // OEM identifier (for e_oeminfo)
WORD e_oeminfo; // OEM information; e_oemid specific
WORD e_res2[10]; // Reserved words
LONG e_lfanew; // File address of new exe header
} IMAGE_DOS_HEADER, *PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER;
e_magic 用于标识是否是可执行文件
e_lfanew NT头的偏移，也就是说DOS头和NT头之间不是连续的，中间有一部分的空闲空间可用于存放说明信息
通过偏移得到NT头所在的位置，NT头中主要是文件头和可选头
NT头的第一个DWORD 是NT头签名，用于说明可执行文件的类型，例如PE32 PE64等
- FileHeader 文件头
typedef struct _IMAGE_FILE_HEADER {
WORD Machine;
WORD NumberOfSections;
DWORD TimeDateStamp;
DWORD PointerToSymbolTable;
DWORD NumberOfSymbols;
WORD SizeOfOptionalHeader;
WORD Characteristics;
} IMAGE_FILE_HEADER, *PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER;
NumberOfSections 节的数量，用于解析节
SizeOfOptionalHeader 可选头的大小，32位为F0 64位为E0
比邻的是OptionalHeader 可选头，说是可选头，实际是必需的
typedef struct _IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER {
//
// Standard fields.
//
WORD Magic;
BYTE MajorLinkerVersion;
BYTE MinorLinkerVersion;
DWORD SizeOfCode;
DWORD SizeOfInitializedData;
DWORD SizeOfUninitializedData;
DWORD AddressOfEntryPoint;
DWORD BaseOfCode;
DWORD BaseOfData;
DWORD ImageBase;
DWORD SectionAlignment;
DWORD FileAlignment;
WORD MajorOperatingSystemVersion;
WORD MinorOperatingSystemVersion;
WORD MajorImageVersion;
WORD MinorImageVersion;
WORD MajorSubsystemVersion;
WORD MinorSubsystemVersion;
DWORD Win32VersionValue;
DWORD SizeOfImage;
DWORD SizeOfHeaders;
DWORD CheckSum;
WORD Subsystem;
WORD DllCharacteristics;
DWORD SizeOfStackReserve;
DWORD SizeOfStackCommit;
DWORD SizeOfHeapReserve;
DWORD SizeOfHeapCommit;
DWORD LoaderFlags;
DWORD NumberOfRvaAndSizes;
IMAGE_DATA_DIRECTORY DataDirectory[IMAGE_NUMBEROF_DIRECTORY_ENTRIES];
} IMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32, *PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER32;
ImageBase 程序加载到内存时，默认的存放位置，但有可能实际情况不一样。（可能设置的默认位置已经被占据了）
FileAlignment 文件在磁盘上的对齐大小
SectionAlignment 文件在内存中的对齐大小
（什么是文件对齐？什么是内存对齐？为什么要对齐？）
SizeOfImage 文件在内存中对齐后的大小
SizeOfHeaders 头和节表在内存对齐后的大小
- SectionHeader
typedef struct _IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER {
BYTE Name[IMAGE_SIZEOF_SHORT_NAME];
union {
DWORD PhysicalAddress;
DWORD VirtualSize;
} Misc; //可以与实际不一致
DWORD VirtualAddress;
DWORD SizeOfRawData;
DWORD PointerToRawData;
DWORD PointerToRelocations;
DWORD PointerToLinenumbers;
WORD NumberOfRelocations;
WORD NumberOfLinenumbers;
DWORD Characteristics;
} IMAGE_SECTION_HEADER, *PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER;
知识拓展
union联合体
联合体声明和结构体声明差不多，唯一的区别在于底层存储。union中的数据在底层按最大的元素分配一块内存，其余所有属性共享这一片内存。
可以参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/leezhxing/p/4619185.html
每个节的大小都一样，这也就是为什么文件头中需要设置节的数量，如果不设置，解析器循环读多少次节表才停止呢？
节存储的时候不是连续的，所以需要节表中确定节的位置和大小
DWORD VirtualAddress; //节在内存中的RVA
DWORD SizeOfRawData; //节在磁盘上的大小
DWORD PointerToRawData;//节在文件中的偏移
可选头中最后的16个表
#include<iostream>
#include<Windows.h>
using namespace std;
#define ESize 0x2000 //设定拓展节的大小
char FilePath[] = "E:\\Code\\DLL01\\Debug\\notepad.exe"; //Target File
char SaveFilePath[] = "E:\\Code\\DLL01\\Debug\\DLL03.dll"; //Save File
char* Buffer;
int FileSize;
PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER dosHeader;
PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER fileHeader;
PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER optionalHeader;
PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER NewsectionHeader;
void readFile2Buffer() {
FILE* fp = fopen(FilePath,"rb");
fseek(fp, 0, SEEK_END);
FileSize = ftell(fp);
rewind(fp);
Buffer = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*(FileSize+ ESize));
fread(Buffer,1,FileSize,fp);
fclose(fp);
}
void readBuffer2File(int BufferSize,char* Buffer) {
FILE* fp = fopen(SaveFilePath, "wb");
fwrite(Buffer,1,BufferSize,fp);
fclose(fp);
}
DWORD RVA2FOA(DWORD RVA) {
//在header节
if (RVA < optionalHeader->SizeOfHeaders) {
return RVA;
}
//在其他节
DWORD Alignment = optionalHeader->SectionAlignment;
for (int i = 0; i < fileHeader->NumberOfSections; i++) {
NewsectionHeader = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)((DWORD)Buffer +dosHeader->e_lfanew + 4 + 20 + fileHeader->SizeOfOptionalHeader + i * 40);
if (RVA >= NewsectionHeader->VirtualAddress && RVA < (NewsectionHeader->VirtualAddress + (NewsectionHeader->SizeOfRawData / Alignment + 1) * Alignment)) {
return NewsectionHeader->PointerToRawData + RVA- NewsectionHeader->VirtualAddress;
}
}
}
DWORD FOA2RVA(DWORD FOA) {
//在header节
if (FOA < optionalHeader->SizeOfHeaders) {
return FOA;
}
//在其他节
DWORD Alignment = optionalHeader->FileAlignment;
for (int i = 0; i < fileHeader->NumberOfSections; i++) {
NewsectionHeader = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)(Buffer+dosHeader->e_lfanew + 4 + 0x14 + fileHeader->SizeOfOptionalHeader + i * 40);
if (FOA >= NewsectionHeader->PointerToRawData && FOA < ( NewsectionHeader->PointerToRawData + (NewsectionHeader->SizeOfRawData / Alignment+1)* Alignment)) {
return FOA - NewsectionHeader->PointerToRawData+NewsectionHeader->VirtualAddress;
}
}
}
void PEParse() {
if (*(WORD*)Buffer != IMAGE_DOS_SIGNATURE) {
cout << "Error Format" << endl;
return;
}
//dosHeader
dosHeader = (PIMAGE_DOS_HEADER)Buffer;
if (*(PDWORD)(Buffer +dosHeader->e_lfanew) != IMAGE_NT_SIGNATURE) {
cout << "Not PE" << endl;
return;
}
//fileHeader
fileHeader = (PIMAGE_FILE_HEADER)(Buffer + dosHeader->e_lfanew + 4);
cout << "NumberOfSections:" << fileHeader->NumberOfSections<<endl;
cout << "SizeOfOptionalHeader:" << fileHeader->SizeOfOptionalHeader<<endl;
//optionalHeader
optionalHeader = (PIMAGE_OPTIONAL_HEADER)(Buffer + dosHeader->e_lfanew + 24);
//NewsectionHeader
for (int i = 0; i < fileHeader->NumberOfSections; i++) {
NewsectionHeader = (PIMAGE_SECTION_HEADER)(Buffer+dosHeader->e_lfanew + 4 + 0x14 + fileHeader->SizeOfOptionalHeader + i * 40);
cout << "************NewsectionHeader**************" << endl;
cout << "VirtualAddress:" << NewsectionHeader->VirtualAddress << endl;
cout << "PointerToRawData:" << NewsectionHeader->PointerToRawData << endl;
cout << "SizeOfRawData:" << NewsectionHeader->SizeOfRawData << endl;
}
cout << "************************************************" << endl;
cout << "********* PE 解析完毕 ************" << endl;
cout << "************************************************" << endl;
cout << endl;
cout << endl;
}
/*
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT 0 // Export Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IMPORT 1 // Import Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_RESOURCE 2 // Resource Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXCEPTION 3 // Exception Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_SECURITY 4 // Security Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC 5 // Base Relocation Table
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DEBUG 6 // Debug Directory
// IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COPYRIGHT 7 // (X86 usage)
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_ARCHITECTURE 7 // Architecture Specific Data
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_GLOBALPTR 8 // RVA of GP
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_TLS 9 // TLS Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_LOAD_CONFIG 10 // Load Configuration Directory
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BOUND_IMPORT 11 // Bound Import Directory in headers
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_IAT 12 // Import Address Table
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_DELAY_IMPORT 13 // Delay Load Import Descriptors
#define IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_COM_DESCRIPTOR 14 // COM Runtime descriptor
*/
DWORD ExportTable() {
/*
typedef struct _IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY {
DWORD Characteristics;
DWORD TimeDateStamp;
WORD MajorVersion;
WORD MinorVersion;
DWORD Name;
DWORD Base; //Base of sequence
DWORD NumberOfFunctions;
DWORD NumberOfNames;
DWORD AddressOfFunctions; // RVA from base of image DWORD
DWORD AddressOfNames; // RVA from base of image DWORD
DWORD AddressOfNameOrdinals; // RVA from base of image WORD
} IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY, *PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY;
*/
cout << "===============================" << endl;
cout << "IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC" << endl;
cout << "===============================" << endl;
if (optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].Size == 0) {
cout << "No export table!!!" << endl;
return 0;
}
cout << "VirtualAddress:" << hex << optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].VirtualAddress<<endl;
cout << "Size:" << hex << optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].Size << endl;
cout << sizeof(IMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY) << endl;
DWORD FOA = RVA2FOA(optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_EXPORT].VirtualAddress);
PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY ExportTable = (PIMAGE_EXPORT_DIRECTORY)(FOA + (DWORD)Buffer);
cout << "^^^^^^^^^^^^^Export Table^^^^^^^^^^^^^^" << endl;
cout << "Export Table Name:" << (char*)((DWORD)Buffer+RVA2FOA(ExportTable->Name)) << endl;
cout << "Base:" << ExportTable->Base << endl;
cout << "NumberOfFunctions:" << ExportTable->NumberOfFunctions << endl;
cout << "NumberOfNames:" << ExportTable->NumberOfNames << endl;
cout << (DWORD)Buffer << endl;
cout << RVA2FOA(ExportTable->AddressOfNames) << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < ExportTable->NumberOfNames; i++) {
cout << "==============Export Function============" << endl;
cout << "FunctionName:" << (char*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(*(DWORD*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(ExportTable->AddressOfNames) + i * 4))) << endl;
//cout << "FunctionOrd:" << (*(WORD*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(ExportTable->AddressOfNameOrdinals))+i*2) << endl;
cout << "FunctionAddr(RVA):" << *(DWORD*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(ExportTable->AddressOfFunctions) + 4 * (*(WORD*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(ExportTable->AddressOfNameOrdinals) + i * 2)))<<endl;
}
return (DWORD)ExportTable-(DWORD)Buffer;
}
DWORD RelocationTable() {
cout << "===============================" << endl;
cout << "IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC" << endl;
cout << "===============================" << endl;
if (optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].VirtualAddress == 0 && optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].Size == 0) {
cout << "Relocation Table Is Null" << endl;
return 0;
}
DWORD VirtualAddress = optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].VirtualAddress;
DWORD SizeOfBlock = optionalHeader->DataDirectory[IMAGE_DIRECTORY_ENTRY_BASERELOC].Size;
DWORD FOA = (DWORD)Buffer+RVA2FOA(VirtualAddress);
while (*((DWORD*)FOA) != 0 || *((DWORD*)FOA + 1) != 0) {
DWORD VirtualAddress = *((DWORD*)FOA);
DWORD SizeOfBlock = *((DWORD*)FOA + 1);
cout << "*********************************" << endl;
cout << "VirtualAddress:" << hex <<VirtualAddress << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < (SizeOfBlock - 8) / 2; i++) {
WORD li = *((WORD*)(FOA + 8) + i);
printf("*%02X* RVA:%08X ATTR:%d\n", i, VirtualAddress + (li & 0x0fff), (li & 0xf000) >> 12);
}
FOA += SizeOfBlock;
}
return RVA2FOA(VirtualAddress); //返回重定位表在文件中的位置
}
void ImportTable() {
DWORD importTable = (DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(optionalHeader->DataDirectory[3].VirtualAddress);
//下一个导入表为全0导入表结束
while (1) {
PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR table = (PIMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR)importTable;
if (
table->FirstThunk == 0&&
table->OriginalFirstThunk == 0
) {
cout << "*******************" << endl;
cout << "End of Import Table" << endl;
cout << "*******************" << endl;
break;
}
cout << (char*)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(table->Name)) << endl;
bool isBounded = false;
if (table->TimeDateStamp == 0xffffffff)
isBounded = true;
DWORD table1 = (DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(table->OriginalFirstThunk);
DWORD table2 = (DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(table->FirstThunk);
cout << "-------------------------------" << endl;
while (1) {
cout << "FirstThunk:";
DWORD data = *(DWORD*)table2;
if (data == 0)
break;
if (isBounded) {
cout << (data & 0x7fffffff) << endl;
}
else if (((data & 0x80000000) >> 31) == 1)
cout << (data & 0x7fffffff);
else {
PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME tmp = (PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(data));
cout << "HINT:" << hex << tmp->Hint << "-";
cout << "Name:" << tmp->Name;
}
table2 += 4;
cout << "OrigionalThunk:";
DWORD data1 = *(DWORD*)table1;
if (((data1 & 0x80000000) >> 31) == 1)
cout << (data1 & 0x7fffffff) << endl;
else {
PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME tmp = (PIMAGE_IMPORT_BY_NAME)((DWORD)Buffer + RVA2FOA(data1));
cout << "HINT:" << hex << tmp->Hint << "-";
cout << "Name:" << tmp->Name << endl;
}
table1 += 4;
}
importTable += sizeof(IMAGE_IMPORT_DESCRIPTOR);
}
}
int main() {
//Copy File to FileBuffer
readFile2Buffer();
//PE Parse
PEParse();
/*
Print Export Table
*/
//ExportTable();
/*
Print Relocation Table
*/
//RelocationTable();
/*
Print Import Table
*/
//ImportTable();
//Free Buffer
free(Buffer);
return 0;
}
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