Spring初学之spring的事务管理注解

spring的事务管理，本文的例子是：比如你需要网购一本书，卖书的那一方有库存量以及书的价格，你有账户余额。回想我们在编程中要实现买书这样的功能，由于你的账户表和书的库存量表肯定不是同一张数据库表，所以必定会有一个先后，要么先将账户余额扣除书的价格，紧接着将书的库存量减一，要么反过来。那么问题来了，假如我们先将你的账户余额减掉，然后发现书的库存不足，这时怎么办呢，这就需要事务了，当我们发现书的库存不足时就要回滚事务，将你的余额返回去。只要配置了事务，发生了异常，就回滚。这就是事务的回滚。注：新人理解，如有错误，望指正，谢谢。

配置文件applicationContext.xml：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

     xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"

     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd

         http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.3.xsd">

     <!-- 导入资源文件 -->

     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>

     <!-- 配置c3p0数据源 -->

     <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">

         <property name="user" value="${user}"></property>

         <property name="password" value="${password}"></property>

         <property name="driverClass" value="${driverClass}"></property>

         <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbcUrl}"></property>

         <property name="initialPoolSize" value="${initPoolSize}"></property>

         <property name="maxPoolSize" value="${maxPoolSize}"></property>

     </bean>

     <!-- 配置自动扫描的包 -->

     <context:component-scan base-package="spring"></context:component-scan>

     <!-- 配置spring 的JdbcTemplate -->

     <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">

         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

     </bean>

     <!-- 配置事务管理器 -->

     <bean id="transactionManager"

     class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">

         <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>

     </bean>

     <!-- 启用事务注解 -->

     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

 </beans>

applicationContext.xml

配置文件jdbc.propertices：

user=root

password=123

driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

jdbcUrl=jdbc\:mysql\:///spring?encoding\=UFT-8

initPoolSize=5

maxPoolSize=20

BookShopDao.java：

package spring.tx;

public interface BookShopDao {

    public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn);

    public void updataBookStock(String isbn);

    public void updataUserAccount(String username,int price);

}

BookShopDaoImp.java：

 package spring.tx;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

 @Repository("bookShopDao")

 public class BookShopDaoImp implements BookShopDao {

     @Autowired

     private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

     @Override

     public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {

         String sql = "select price from book where isbn=?";

         return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class, isbn);

     }

     @Override

     public void updataBookStock(String isbn) {

         // 检查书的库存是否不够

         String sql1 = "select stock from book_stock where isbn=?";

         if (jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql1, Integer.class, isbn) <= 0) {

             throw new BookStockException("库存不足");

         }

         String sql = "update book_stock  set stock=stock-1 where isbn=?";

         jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);

     }

     @Override

     public void updataUserAccount(String username, int price) {

         // 检查余额是否足够

         String sql1 = "select balance from account where username=?";

         if (jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql1, Integer.class, username) < price) {

             throw new UserAccountException("余额不足");

         }

         String sql = "update account set balance = balance - ? where username=?";

         jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);

     }

 }

BookShopDaoImp

BookShopService.java：

package spring.tx;

public interface BookShopService {

    public void purchase(String username,String isbn);

}

BookShopServiceImpl.java：

 package spring.tx;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

 @Repository("bookShopDao")

 public class BookShopDaoImp implements BookShopDao {

     @Autowired

     private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

     @Override

     public int findBookPriceByIsbn(String isbn) {

         String sql = "select price from book where isbn=?";

         return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql, Integer.class, isbn);

     }

     @Override

     public void updataBookStock(String isbn) {

         // 检查书的库存是否不够

         String sql1 = "select stock from book_stock where isbn=?";

         if (jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql1, Integer.class, isbn) <= 0) {

             throw new BookStockException("库存不足");

         }

         String sql = "update book_stock  set stock=stock-1 where isbn=?";

         jdbcTemplate.update(sql, isbn);

     }

     @Override

     public void updataUserAccount(String username, int price) {

         // 检查余额是否足够

         String sql1 = "select balance from account where username=?";

         if (jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql1, Integer.class, username) < price) {

             throw new UserAccountException("余额不足");

         }

         String sql = "update account set balance = balance - ? where username=?";

         jdbcTemplate.update(sql, price, username);

     }

 }

BookShopServiceImpl.java

Cashier.java：

package spring.tx;

import java.util.List;

public interface Cashier {

    public void checkout(String username,List<String> isbns);

}

CashierImpl.java：

 package spring.tx;

 import java.util.List;

 import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

 import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Propagation;

 import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

 @Service("cashier")

 public class CashierImpl implements Cashier {

     @Autowired

     private BookShopService bookShopService;

     @Transactional

     @Override

     public void checkout(String username, List<String> isbns) {

         for (int i = 0; i < isbns.size(); i++) {

             bookShopService.purchase(username, isbns.get(i));

         }

     }

 }

CashierImpl

定义两个异常类：

 package spring.tx;

 public class BookStockException extends RuntimeException{

     /**

      *

      */

     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

     public BookStockException() {

         super();

         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

     }

     public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression, boolean writableStackTrace) {

         super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);

         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

     }

     public BookStockException(String message, Throwable cause) {

         super(message, cause);

         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

     }

     public BookStockException(String message) {

         super(message);

         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

     }

     public BookStockException(Throwable cause) {

         super(cause);

         // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

     }

 }

BookStockException

package spring.tx;

public class UrAccountExceptionse extends RuntimeException {

    /**

     *

     */

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    public UserAccountException() {

        super();

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause, boolean enableSuppression,

            boolean writableStackTrace) {

        super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }

    public UserAccountException(String message, Throwable cause) {

        super(message, cause);

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }

    public UserAccountException(String message) {

        super(message);

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }

    public UserAccountException(Throwable cause) {

        super(cause);

        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub

    }

}

UserAccountExceptionse

测试方法：

package spring.tx.test;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

import org.junit.Test;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;

import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import spring.tx.BookShopDao;

import spring.tx.BookShopService;

import spring.tx.Cashier;

public class SpringTransactionTest {

    private ApplicationContext ctx=null;

    private BookShopDao bookShopDao;

    private BookShopService bookShopService;

    private Cashier cashier;

    {

        ctx=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

        bookShopDao =(BookShopDao) ctx.getBean("bookShopDao");

        bookShopService=(BookShopService) ctx.getBean("bookShopService");

        cashier =(Cashier) ctx.getBean("cashier");

    }

    @Test

    public void testTransactionPropagation(){

        List<String > isbns=new ArrayList<String>();

        isbns.add("1001");

        isbns.add("1002");

        cashier.checkout("aaa", isbns);

    }

    @Test

    public  void testBookShopService() {

         bookShopService.purchase("aaa", "1001");

    }

    @Test

    public void testupdataBookStock(){

        bookShopDao.updataBookStock("1001");

    }

    @Test

    public void testUpdataUserAccount(){

        bookShopDao.updataUserAccount("aaa", 200);

    }

    @Test

    public void testBookShopDao(){

        int price=bookShopDao.findBookPriceByIsbn("1001");

        System.out.println(price);

    }

}

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Spring初学之spring的事务管理注解

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