基础学习

/// <summary>

/// Http (GET/POST)

/// </summary>

/// <param name="url">请求URL</param>

/// <param name="parameters">请求参数</param>

/// <param name="method">请求方法</param>

/// <returns>响应内容</returns>

static string sendPost(string url, IDictionary<string, string> parameters, string method)

{

    if (method.ToLower() == "post")

    {

        HttpWebRequest req = null;

        HttpWebResponse rsp = null;

        System.IO.Stream reqStream = null;

        try

        {

            req = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

            req.Method = method;

            req.KeepAlive = false;

            req.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version10;

            req.Timeout = ;

            req.ContentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8";

            byte[] postData = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(BuildQuery(parameters, "utf8"));

            reqStream = req.GetRequestStream();

            reqStream.Write(postData, , postData.Length);

            rsp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

            Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(rsp.CharacterSet);

            return GetResponseAsString(rsp, encoding);

        }

        catch (Exception ex)

        {

            return ex.Message;

        }

        finally

        {

            if (reqStream != null) reqStream.Close();

            if (rsp != null) rsp.Close();

        }

    }

    else

    {

        //创建请求

        HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url + "?" + BuildQuery(parameters, "utf8"));

        //GET请求

        request.Method = "GET";

        request.ReadWriteTimeout = ;

        request.ContentType = "text/html;charset=UTF-8";

        HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse();

        Stream myResponseStream = response.GetResponseStream();

        StreamReader myStreamReader = new StreamReader(myResponseStream, Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"));

        //返回内容

        string retString = myStreamReader.ReadToEnd();

        return retString;

    }

}

方法代码

public HttpWebRequest GetWebRequest(string url, string method)

        {

            HttpWebRequest request = null;

            if (url.Contains("https"))

            {

                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(this.CheckValidationResult);

                request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.CreateDefault(new Uri(url));

            }

            else

            {

                request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

            }

            request.ServicePoint.Expect100Continue = false;

            request.Method = method;

            request.KeepAlive = true;

            request.UserAgent = "stgp";

            return request;

        }

        /// <summary>

        /// 解决使用上面方法向同一个地址发送请求时会发生：基础连接已经关闭: 服务器关闭了本应保持活动状态的连接的问题

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="url"></param>

        /// <param name="method"></param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public HttpWebRequest GetWebRequestDotnetReference(string url, string method)

        {

            HttpWebRequest request = null;

            if (url.Contains("https"))

            {

                ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback = new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(this.CheckValidationResult);

                request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.CreateDefault(new Uri(url));

            }

            else

            {

                request = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url);

            }

            request.Method = method;

            request.KeepAlive = false;//fase

            request.ProtocolVersion = HttpVersion.Version11;//Version11

            request.UserAgent = "stgp";

            return request;

        }

方法代码

/// <summary>

/// 组装普通文本请求参数。

/// </summary>

/// <param name="parameters">Key-Value形式请求参数字典</param>

/// <returns>URL编码后的请求数据</returns>

static string BuildQuery(IDictionary<string, string> parameters, string encode)

{

    StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();

    bool hasParam = false;

    IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<string, string>> dem = parameters.GetEnumerator();

    while (dem.MoveNext())

    {

        string name = dem.Current.Key;

        string value = dem.Current.Value;

        // 忽略参数名或参数值为空的参数

        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(name))//&& !string.IsNullOrEmpty(value)

        {

            if (hasParam)

            {

                postData.Append("&");

            }

            postData.Append(name);

            postData.Append("=");

            if (encode == "gb2312")

            {

                postData.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value, Encoding.GetEncoding("gb2312")));

            }

            else if (encode == "utf8")

            {

                postData.Append(HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value, Encoding.UTF8));

            }

            else

            {

                postData.Append(value);

            }

            hasParam = true;

        }

    }

    return postData.ToString();

}

方法代码

/// <summary>

/// 把响应流转换为文本。

/// </summary>

/// <param name="rsp">响应流对象</param>

/// <param name="encoding">编码方式</param>

/// <returns>响应文本</returns>

static string GetResponseAsString(HttpWebResponse rsp, Encoding encoding)

{

    System.IO.Stream stream = null;

    StreamReader reader = null;

    try

    {

        // 以字符流的方式读取HTTP响应

        stream = rsp.GetResponseStream();

        reader = new StreamReader(stream, encoding);

        return reader.ReadToEnd();

    }

    finally

    {

        // 释放资源

        if (reader != null) reader.Close();

        if (stream != null) stream.Close();

        if (rsp != null) rsp.Close();

    }

}

方法代码

string url = "http://www.example.com/api/exampleHandler.ashx";

var parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>();

parameters.Add("param1", "");

parameters.Add("param2", ""); 

string result = sendPost(url, parameters, "get");

使用示例

进阶学习

一、读取本地图片文件，进行上传

public string DoPostWithFile(string url, IDictionary<string, string> textParams, List<string> filePathList, string charset = "utf-8")

        {

            string boundary = "-------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线

            HttpWebRequest req = GetWebRequestDotnetReference(url, "POST");

            req.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=" + charset + ";boundary=" + boundary;

            System.IO.Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream();

            byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");

            byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");

            // 组装文本请求参数

            string textTemplate = "Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:text/plain\r\n\r\n{1}";

            IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<string, string>> textEnum = textParams.GetEnumerator();

            while (textEnum.MoveNext())

            {

                string textEntry = string.Format(textTemplate, textEnum.Current.Key, textEnum.Current.Value);

                byte[] itemBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(textEntry);

                reqStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, , itemBoundaryBytes.Length);

                reqStream.Write(itemBytes, , itemBytes.Length);

            }

            // 组装文件请求参数

            #region 将文件转成二进制

            string fileName = string.Empty;

            byte[] fileContentByte = new byte[];

            string fileTemplate = "Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"{0}\";filename=\"{1}\"\r\n\r\n";

            foreach (string filePath in filePathList)

            {

                fileName = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf("\\") + );

                FileStream fs = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read);

                fileContentByte = new byte[fs.Length];

                fs.Read(fileContentByte, , Convert.ToInt32(fs.Length));

                fs.Close();

                string fileEntry = string.Format(fileTemplate, "images[]", fileName);

                byte[] itemBytesF = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(fileEntry);

                reqStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, , itemBoundaryBytes.Length);

                reqStream.Write(itemBytesF, , itemBytesF.Length);

                reqStream.Write(fileContentByte, , fileContentByte.Length);

            }

            #endregion

            reqStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, , endBoundaryBytes.Length);

            reqStream.Close();

            HttpWebResponse rsp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

            Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(rsp.CharacterSet);

            return GetResponseAsString(rsp, encoding);

        }

方法代码

string url = "http://www.example.com/api/exampleHandler.ashx";

var param = new Dictionary<string, string>();

 param.Add("param1", "");

List<string> filePathList = new List<string>();

filePathList.Add(@"C:\Users\pic1.png");

string result = DoPostWithFile(url, param, filePathList);

使用示例

二、读取网络上的图片文件，进行上传

public string DoPostWithNetFile(string url, IDictionary<string, string> textParams, List<string> filePathList, string charset = "utf-8")

        {

            string boundary = "-------" + DateTime.Now.Ticks.ToString("X"); // 随机分隔线

            //HttpWebRequest req = GetWebRequest(url, "POST");

            HttpWebRequest req = GetWebRequestDotnetReference(url, "POST");

            req.ContentType = "multipart/form-data;charset=" + charset + ";boundary=" + boundary;

            System.IO.Stream reqStream = req.GetRequestStream();

            byte[] itemBoundaryBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "\r\n");

            byte[] endBoundaryBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes("\r\n--" + boundary + "--\r\n");

            // 组装文本请求参数

            string textTemplate = "Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"{0}\"\r\nContent-Type:text/plain\r\n\r\n{1}";

            IEnumerator<KeyValuePair<string, string>> textEnum = textParams.GetEnumerator();

            while (textEnum.MoveNext())

            {

                string textEntry = string.Format(textTemplate, textEnum.Current.Key, textEnum.Current.Value);

                byte[] itemBytes = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(textEntry);

                reqStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, , itemBoundaryBytes.Length);

                reqStream.Write(itemBytes, , itemBytes.Length);

            }

            // 组装文件请求参数

            #region 将文件转成二进制

            string fileName = string.Empty;

            byte[] fileContentByte = new byte[];

            string fileTemplate = "Content-Disposition:form-data;name=\"{0}\";filename=\"{1}\"\r\n\r\n";

            foreach (string filePath in filePathList)

            {

                fileName = filePath.Substring(filePath.LastIndexOf(@"/") + );

                HttpWebRequest imgRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(filePath);

                imgRequest.Method = "GET";

                using (HttpWebResponse imgResponse = imgRequest.GetResponse() as HttpWebResponse)

                {

                    if (imgResponse.StatusCode == HttpStatusCode.OK)

                    {

                        Stream rs = imgResponse.GetResponseStream();

                        MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream();

                        const int bufferLen = ;

                        byte[] buffer = new byte[bufferLen];

                        int count = ;

                        while ((count = rs.Read(buffer, , bufferLen)) > )

                        {

                            ms.Write(buffer, , count);

                        }

                        ms.Seek(, SeekOrigin.Begin); int buffsize = (int)ms.Length; //rs.Length 此流不支持查找,先转为MemoryStream

                        fileContentByte = new byte[buffsize];

                        ms.Read(fileContentByte, , buffsize);

                        ms.Flush(); ms.Close();

                        rs.Flush(); rs.Close();

                    }

                }

                string fileEntry = string.Format(fileTemplate, "images[]", fileName);

                byte[] itemBytesF = Encoding.GetEncoding(charset).GetBytes(fileEntry);

                reqStream.Write(itemBoundaryBytes, , itemBoundaryBytes.Length);

                reqStream.Write(itemBytesF, , itemBytesF.Length);

                reqStream.Write(fileContentByte, , fileContentByte.Length);

            }

            #endregion

            reqStream.Write(endBoundaryBytes, , endBoundaryBytes.Length);

            reqStream.Close();

            HttpWebResponse rsp = (HttpWebResponse)req.GetResponse();

            Encoding encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding(rsp.CharacterSet);

            return GetResponseAsString(rsp, encoding);

        }

方法代码

string url = "http://www.example.com/api/exampleHandler.ashx";

var param = new Dictionary<string, string>();

param.Add("param1", "");

List<string> filePathList = new List<string>();

filePathList.Add(@"http://www.example.com/img/pic1.png");

string result = DoPostWithNetFile(url, param, filePathList);

使用示例

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