背景

没啥背景，就是VMWare装的CentOS虚拟机的自带网卡名有点乱，想重新定义一下。

环境

1、VMWare虚拟机

6张网卡

2、系统

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS Linux release 7.2. (Core)

并且是最小化安装。

网卡信息

网卡配置文件

配置内容

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16777736

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno16777736

UUID=1160a71e-e5b5--b742-c1bf0cba6f00

DEVICE=eno16777736

ONBOOT=no

这里启动下网卡，获得IP，好连接shell

[root@localhost network-scripts]# sed -i '/ONBOOT/s/no/yes/' ifcfg-eno*

[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip addr

: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback ::::: brd :::::

    inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::/ scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno16777736: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16777736

       valid_lft 1799sec preferred_lft 1799sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno33554960: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33554960

       valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno50332184: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50332184

       valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno67109408: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67109408

       valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno83886632: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.132/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno83886632

       valid_lft 1800sec preferred_lft 1800sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno100663856: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno100663856

       valid_lft 1801sec preferred_lft 1801sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

默认使用DHCP，都是自动获取的IP

配置

CentOS7使用了“一致性网络命名方法”，这里举例，将网卡名截断为前5个字符，如eno16777736改为eno16。

1、更改网卡配置文件名

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ll

total

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno10

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno16

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno33

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno50

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno67

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Jan  : ifcfg-eno83

-rw-r--r--.  root root    Sep    ifcfg-lo

lrwxrwxrwx.  root root     Jan  : ifdown -> ../../../usr/sbin/ifdown

-rwxr-xr-x.  root root    Sep    ifdown-bnep

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

并更改配置文件内容，举例

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno16

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=dhcp

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno16

UUID=803d2d05-493b-489b--1d3fc67878aa

DEVICE=eno16

ONBOOT=yes

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

2、关闭“一致性网络设备命名法”

更改前

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/grub

GRUB_TIMEOUT=

GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true

GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap rhgb quiet"

GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

[root@localhost ~]#

添加net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0

更改后

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/grub

GRUB_TIMEOUT=

GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="$(sed 's, release .*$,,g' /etc/system-release)"

GRUB_DEFAULT=saved

GRUB_DISABLE_SUBMENU=true

GRUB_TERMINAL_OUTPUT="console"

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="crashkernel=auto rd.lvm.lv=centos/root rd.lvm.lv=centos/swap net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0 rhgb quiet"

GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

[root@localhost ~]#

更新GRUB、内核配置

[root@localhost ~]# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg

Generating grub configuration file ...

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.10.-.el7.x86_64

Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs-3.10.-.el7.x86_64.img

Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz--rescue-f034e6e19df748b7a27fad77b06e3179

Found initrd image: /boot/initramfs--rescue-f034e6e19df748b7a27fad77b06e3179.img

done

[root@localhost ~]#

3、添加设备规则配置文件

修改/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules，没有该文件则新建文件

内容如下

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/udev/rules.d/-persistent-net.rules

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:5c", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno16"

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:8e", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno10"

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:66", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno33"

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:70", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno50"

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:7a", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno67"

SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{address}=="00:0c:29:a3:b1:84", ATTR{type}=="", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eno83"

[root@localhost ~]#

注意MAC地址与NAME相匹配（可以用ip addr查看）

4、重启

[root@localhost ~]# reboot

使用

[root@localhost ~]# ip addr

: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback ::::: brd :::::

    inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::/ scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno67: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno83: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.132/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno83

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno10

       valid_lft 1768sec preferred_lft 1768sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@localhost ~]#

看见网卡名称都已经更改了

再来设置个静态ip，以eno83为例

[root@localhost network-scripts]# cat ifcfg-eno83

TYPE=Ethernet

BOOTPROTO=static

DEFROUTE=yes

PEERDNS=yes

PEERROUTES=yes

IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no

IPV6INIT=yes

IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes

IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes

IPV6_PEERDNS=yes

IPV6_PEERROUTES=yes

IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no

NAME=eno83

UUID=919f599a-c262--be7e-0646b1e98dee

DEVICE=eno83

IPADDR=192.168.140.140

PREFIX=24

ONBOOT=yes

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

重启网络

[root@localhost network-scripts]# systemctl restart network

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

[root@localhost network-scripts]# ip addr

: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN

    link/loopback ::::: brd :::::

    inet 127.0.0.1/ scope host lo

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 ::/ scope host

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno16: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:5c brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.128/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno16

       valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b15c/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno33: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.129/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno33

       valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b166/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno50: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.130/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno50

       valid_lft 1803sec preferred_lft 1803sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b170/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno67: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:7a brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.131/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno67

       valid_lft 1803sec preferred_lft 1803sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b17a/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno83: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1: brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.140/24 brd 192.168.140.255 scope global eno83

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b184/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

: eno10: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu  qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen

    link/ether :0c::a3:b1:8e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

    inet 192.168.140.133/ brd 192.168.140.255 scope global dynamic eno10

       valid_lft 1802sec preferred_lft 1802sec

    inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea3:b18e/ scope link

       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

[root@localhost network-scripts]#

改好了~

ps：

1、如果没有“配置-3添加设备规则配置文件“这步，其他不变，系统重启后将使用eth0、eth1、eth2、...这样的网卡名，此时系统会尝试启动配置文件（eno16等）描述的网卡，但网卡不存在，这些网卡将启动失败，并且开机后无法重启网络，提示failed to start lsb:bring up/down巴拉巴拉~

2、/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts这里目录里的网卡配置文件不要有多余的，每个ifcfg-xxxx对应且仅对应一个网卡，否则容易造成重启网络失败，提示failed to start lsb:bring up/down巴拉巴拉~

3、按这个顺序更改，可以避免更改网卡名称并重启之后，无法重启network的情况。

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