Python多人聊天室

一.目的

　　以实现小项目的方式，来巩固之前学过的Python基本语法以及相关的知识。

二.相关技术：

1.wxpython GUI编程

2.网络编程

3.多线程编程

4.数据库编程

5.简单的将数据导出到Excel表

三.存在的漏洞以及不足

　　1.由于数据库编码的问题，无法使用中文。

　　2.在客户端关闭后，其相关的线程仍然存在于服务器的用户线程队列中，所以服务器会错误地往已关闭的客户端传送信息。

　　3.客户端初始登录并加载历史记录时，会出现每条历史消息后面的回车键丢失的现象，解决的方法是：在加载相邻两条消息之间加个时间间隔，但效果不佳。

四.源码

服务器Server：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 from socket import *

 import time

 import threading

 import wx

 import MySQLdb

 import xlwt

 from clientthread import ClientThread

 class Server(wx.Frame):

     def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='服务器',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''

         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))

         pl = wx.Panel(self)

         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)

         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

         sta = wx.Button(pl , size=(133, 40),label='启动服务器')

         end = wx.Button(pl, size=(133, 40), label='关闭服务器')

         hist = wx.Button(pl,size=(133,40),label='导出聊天记录')

         subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.BOTTOM)

         subcon.Add(hist, 1, wx.BOTTOM)

         subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.BOTTOM)

         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE|wx.BOTTOM)

         self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)

         con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)

         con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

         clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')

         send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')

         sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)

         sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)

         con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         pl.SetSizer(con)

         '''窗口'''

         '''绑定'''

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.SendMessage, send)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Start, sta)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Break, end)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.WriteToExcel, hist)

         '''绑定'''

         '''服务器准备工作'''

         self.UserThreadList = []

         self.onServe = False

         addr = ('', 21567)

         self.ServeSock = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

         self.ServeSock.bind(addr)

         self.ServeSock.listen(10)

         '''服务器准备工作'''

         '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''

         self.db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')

         self.cursor = self.db.cursor()

         self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")

         self.Text.SetValue('')

         for data in self.cursor.fetchall():   #加载历史聊天记录

             self.Text.AppendText('%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n\n' % (data[0], data[2], data[1]))

         '''数据库准备工作，用于存储聊天记录'''

     #将聊天记录导出到EXCEl表中

     def WriteToExcel(self,event):

         wbk = xlwt.Workbook()

         sheet = wbk.add_sheet('sheet 1')

         self.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")

         sheet.write(0, 0, "User")

         sheet.write(0, 1, "Datetime")

         sheet.write(0, 5, "Message")

         index = 0

         for data in self.cursor.fetchall():

             index = index + 1

             Time = '%s'%data[1] #将datetime转成字符形式，否则直接写入Excel会变成时间戳

             sheet.write(index,0,data[0])

             sheet.write(index,1,Time)    #写进EXCEL会变成时间戳

             sheet.write(index,5,data[2])

         wbk.save(r'D:\History_Dialog.xls')

     #启动服务器的服务线程

     def Start(self,event):

         if not self.onServe:

             '''启动服务线程'''

             self.onServe = True

             mainThread = threading.Thread(target=self.on_serving, args=())

             mainThread.setDaemon(True)  # 解决父线程结束，子线程还继续运行的问题

             mainThread.start()

             '''启动服务线程'''

     #关闭服务器

     def Break(self,event):

         self.onServe = False

     #服务器主循环

     def on_serving(self):

         print '...On serving...'

         while self.onServe:

             UserSocket, UserAddr = self.ServeSock.accept()

             username = UserSocket.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')   #接收用户名

             userthread = ClientThread(UserSocket, username,self)

             self.UserThreadList.append(userthread)  #将用户线程加到队列中

             userthread.start()

         self.ServeSock.close()

     #绑定发送按钮

     def SendMessage(self,event):

         if self.onServe and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):

             data = self.ttex.GetValue()

             self.AddText('Server',data,time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))

             self.ttex.SetValue('')

     # 向所有客户端（包括自己）发送信息,同时更新到数据库

     def AddText(self, source, data,Time):

         self.cursor.execute("insert into history values(\"%s\",\"%s\",\"%s\")" % (source,Time,data))    #双引号里面有双引号，bug：句子不能有双引号、以及中文

         self.db.commit()

         sendData = '%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n' % (source,data,Time)

         self.Text.AppendText('%s\n'%sendData)

         for user in self.UserThreadList:        #bug：客户端关闭了仍然在队列中。如果客户端关闭了，那怎么在服务器判断是否已经关闭了？客户端在关闭之前发一条信息给服务器？

             user.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))

     #绑定清空按钮

     def EditClear(self,event):

         self.ttex.Clear()

 def main():

     app = wx.App(False)

     Server().Show()

     app.MainLoop()

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     main()

服务器的客户线程Clientthread：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 import threading

 import time

 class ClientThread(threading.Thread):

     def __init__(self,UserSocket, Username,server):

         threading.Thread.__init__(self)

         self.UserSocket = UserSocket

         self.Username = Username

         self.server = server

         self.Loadhist()

     # 加载历史聊天记录

     def Loadhist(self):

         self.server.cursor.execute("select * from history order by time")

         for data in self.server.cursor.fetchall():

             time.sleep(0.6)                 #几条信息同时发，会造成末尾回车键的丢失，所以要有时间间隔

             sendData = '%s said:\n%s\nwhen %s\n'%(data[0], data[2], data[1])

             self.UserSocket.send(sendData.encode(encoding='utf-8'))

     #方法重写，线程的入口

     def run(self):

         size = 1024

         while True:

             data = self.UserSocket.recv(size)   #未解决：客户端断开连接后这里会报错

             self.server.AddText(self.Username,data.decode(encoding='utf-8'),time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime()))

         self.UserSocket.close() #这里都执行不到

客户登录界面Logframe：

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 from socket import *

 import wx

 import MySQLdb

 from client import Client

 class LogFrame(wx.Frame):

     def __init__(self,parent=None,id=-1,title='登录窗口',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''

         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,280))

         self.pl = wx.Panel(self)

         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)

         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(2,2,10,10)

         username =  wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Username:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)

         password = wx.StaticText(self.pl, label="Password:",style=wx.ALIGN_LEFT)

         self.tc1 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20))

         self.tc2 = wx.TextCtrl(self.pl,size=(180,20),style=wx.TE_PASSWORD)

         subcon.Add(username,wx.TE_LEFT)

         subcon.Add(self.tc1,1,wx.EXPAND)

         subcon.Add(password)

         subcon.Add(self.tc2,1,wx.EXPAND)

         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTER)

         subcon2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(1,2,10,10)

         register = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Register')

         login = wx.Button(self.pl,label='Login')

         subcon2.Add(register,1, wx.TOP)

         subcon2.Add(login,1, wx.TOP)

         con.Add(subcon2,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         self.pl.SetSizer(con)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Register,register)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON,self.Login,login)

         '''窗口'''

         self.isConnected = False

         self.userSocket = None

     #连接到服务器

     def ConnectToServer(self):

         if not self.isConnected:

             ADDR = ('localhost', 21567)

             self.userSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM)

             try:

                 self.userSocket.connect(ADDR)

                 self.userSocket.send(self.tc1.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))

                 self.isConnected = True

                 return True

             except Exception:

                 return False

         else:

             return True

     #登录

     def Login(self,event):

         if not self.ConnectToServer():

             err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)

             err.ShowModal()

             err.Destroy()

         else:

             username = self.tc1.GetValue()

             password = self.tc2.GetValue()

             db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')

             cursor = db.cursor()

             cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s' and password='%s'"%(username,password))

             if not cursor.fetchone():

                 err = wx.MessageDialog(None,'用户不存在或密码错误','ERROR!',wx.OK)

                 err.ShowModal()

             else:

                 self.Close()

                 Client(opSock=self.userSocket, username=username).Show()

             db.commit()

             db.close()

     #注册

     def Register(self,event):

         if not self.ConnectToServer():

             err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '服务器未启动', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)

             err.ShowModal()

             err.Destroy()

         else:

             username = self.tc1.GetValue()

             password = self.tc2.GetValue()

             db = MySQLdb.connect('localhost', 'root', '', 'user_info')

             cursor = db.cursor()

             cursor.execute("select * from user_list where username='%s'"%username)

             if not cursor.fetchone():

                 cursor.execute("insert into user_list(username,password) values('%s','%s')"%(username,password))

             else:

                 err = wx.MessageDialog(None, '用户已存在', 'ERROR!', wx.OK)

                 err.ShowModal()

             db.commit()

             db.close()

 def main():

     app = wx.App(False)

     LogFrame().Show()

     app.MainLoop()

 if __name__ == '__main__':

     main()

客户端Client：

 #/usr/bin/env python

 # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

 import wx

 import threading

 from time import ctime

 class Client(wx.Frame):

     def __init__(self,opSock,username,parent=None,id=-1,title='客户端',pos=wx.DefaultPosition,size=(500,300)):

         '''窗口'''

         wx.Frame.__init__(self,parent,id,title,pos,size=(400,470))

         self.opSock = opSock

         self.username = username

         pl = wx.Panel(self)

         con = wx.BoxSizer(wx.VERTICAL)

         subcon = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

         sta = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='连接')

         end = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40),label='断开')

         subcon.Add(sta, 1, wx.TOP|wx.LEFT)

         subcon.Add(end, 1, wx.TOP|wx.RIGHT)

         con.Add(subcon,1,wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         self.Text = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,250),style = wx.TE_MULTILINE|wx.TE_READONLY)

         con.Add(self.Text, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         self.ttex = wx.TextCtrl(pl, size=(400,100),style=wx.TE_MULTILINE)

         con.Add(self.ttex, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         sub2 = wx.FlexGridSizer(wx.HORIZONTAL)

         clear = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='清空')

         send = wx.Button(pl, size=(200, 40), label='发送')

         sub2.Add(clear, 1, wx.TOP | wx.LEFT)

         sub2.Add(send, 1, wx.TOP | wx.RIGHT)

         con.Add(sub2, 1, wx.ALIGN_CENTRE)

         pl.SetSizer(con)

         '''窗口'''

         '''绑定'''

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.EditClear, clear)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Send, send)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Login, sta)

         self.Bind(wx.EVT_BUTTON, self.Logout, end)

         '''绑定'''

         self.isConnected = False

     #登录

     def Login(self,event):

         '''客户端准备工作'''

         self.isConnected = True

         t = threading.Thread(target=self.Receive, args=())

         t.setDaemon(True)

         t.start()

         '''客户端准备工作'''

     #退出

     def Logout(self,event):

         self.isConnected = False

     #绑定发送按钮

     def Send(self,event):

         if self.isConnected and cmp(self.ttex.GetValue(),''):

             self.opSock.send(self.ttex.GetValue().encode(encoding='utf-8'))

             self.ttex.SetValue('')

     #绑定清空按钮

     def EditClear(self,event):

         self.ttex.Clear()

     #接收客户端的信息（独立一个线程）

     def Receive(self):

         while self.isConnected:

             data = self.opSock.recv(1024).decode(encoding='utf-8')

             self.Text.AppendText('%s\n'%data)

巴特西

Python多人聊天室

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