WinCE数据通讯之Web Service篇

准备写个WinCE平台与数据库服务器数据通讯交互方面的专题文章，今天先整理个Web Service通讯方式。

公司目前的硬件产品平台是WinCE5.0，数据通讯是连接服务器与终端的桥梁，关系着终端的数据能否准确及时高效抵达服务器，是整个项目成败的关键。原先公司有同事用VC写过一个程序用Socket进行数据通讯，但一直问题不断。年前我开始探索用SqlCE与SqlServer数据同步方式进行数据上传与下载，通讯已经正常稳定。这方面的文章后续再整理。

Web Service用于PC间通讯的文章网上有很多，但用于WinCE平台调用的经验总结并不多见。Web Service的程序编写与配置调用相对来讲比较简单，Visual Studio里直接新建一个“Asp.net web 服务应用程序”就可以创建一个web Service项目了。其中的代码根据实际需求编写就行，这方面就不详述了。

终端设备是通过GPRS来进行数据传输的，因此，数据流量是非常重要的问题，应当尽可能少的减少数据传输，流量可是Money，压缩技术是关键。Google大法，找到了一款物美价廉的东东-Ihttp://www.icsharpcode.net/OpenSource/SharpZipLib/Default.aspx 所谓物美是这款代码支持Dot net CF平台，所谓价廉是这款代码完全开源免费。

操刀开工。。。先建一个直接返回DataSet集的Web Service服务

       private SqlConnection Conn;

       private string ConnString = "Data Source=(local);Initial Catalog=Northwind;uid=sa;pwd=sa;";

dataConnection#region dataConnection

        private DataSet GetNorthwindDataSet()

        {

            return ExecuteSql("select * from Employees");

        }

        private DataSet ExecuteSql(string mysql)

        {

            DataSet dataSet = new DataSet();

            SqlDataAdapter adapter = new SqlDataAdapter(mysql, this.Conn);

            try

            {

                if (this.Conn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)

                {

                    this.Conn.Open();

                }

                adapter.Fill(dataSet, "table");

            }

            catch (Exception exception)

            {

                HttpContext.Current.Response.Write(exception.Message);

                HttpContext.Current.Response.End();

            }

            finally

            {

                if ((this.Conn != null) && (this.Conn.State == ConnectionState.Open))

                {

                    this.Conn.Close();

                }

                adapter.Dispose();

            }

            return dataSet;

        }

        #endregion

 //方法一:直接返回 DataSet 对象

        [WebMethod(Description = "直接返回 DataSet 对象。")]

        public DataSet GetDataSet()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            return dataSet;

        }

建立一个智能设备应用程序，添加Web引用，我这里用的是静态引用，没有用动态引用的原因是，试过网上的动态生成WebService引用的代码，效率远比静态引用要低很多，考虑终端设备资源的有限性，还是用的静态引用。建立好项目后在界面上添加一个button和datagrid控件，添加代码：

 private webSer.Service1 ws;

        private void FrmMain_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            ws = new DeviceApplication1.webSer.Service1();

        }

        //webmethod直接返回dataset

        private void btnDataSet_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                DataSet ds = ws.GetDataSet();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，绑定数据耗时：{1}，数据量：{2}",

                    dtDown - dtBegin, DateTime.Now - dtDown, ds.GetXml().Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

连接好终端设备，测试点击按钮，几秒后DataGrid表格正确显示数据，OK，说明WinCE已经能够正确调用Web Service了。如果不能正确调用，检察WebService发布与Web引用是否正确，数据库配置是否正确。

接下来就是要把数据进行压缩了，压缩前要进行数据的序列化，序列化代码如下：

/**//// <summary>

        /// 序列化数据成byte[]

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="o">未序列化的数据</param>

        /// <returns>返回序列化后的byte[]数组</returns>

        public static byte[] byteXmlSerializer(object o)

        {

            if (o == null)

            {

                throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

            }

            try

            {

                System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer ser = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(o.GetType());

                System.IO.MemoryStream mem = new MemoryStream();

                System.Xml.XmlTextWriter writer = new System.Xml.XmlTextWriter(mem, Encoding.Default);

                ser.Serialize(writer, o);

                writer.Close();

                return mem.ToArray();

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                throw ex;

            }

        }

 /**//// <summary>

        /// 反序列化数据

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="input">序列化后的数据</param>

        /// <param name="type">被序列化的数据类型</param>

        /// <returns>返回反序列化后的object数据</returns>

        public static object objXmlDeserialize(byte[] input, Type type)

        {

            if (input == null)

            {

                throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

            }

            try

            {

                XmlSerializer mySerializer = new XmlSerializer(type);

                StreamReader stmRead = new StreamReader(new MemoryStream(input), System.Text.Encoding.Default);

                return mySerializer.Deserialize(stmRead);

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                throw ex;

            }

        }

ICSharpCode提供了多种数据压缩的方式，我这里测试了四种方式：BZip，Deflate，GZip，Zip

private static int buffSize = ;//指定压缩块缓存的大小，一般为2048的倍数

  /**//// <summary>

        /// BZIP2压缩数据

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="input">原始未压缩数据</param>

        /// <returns>压缩后的byte[]数据</returns>

       public static byte[] BZipCompress(byte[] input)

        {

            if (input == null)

            {

                throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

            }

            try

            {

                //int buffSize = 2048;//指定压缩块的大小，一般为2048的倍数

                using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

                {

                    using (MemoryStream inmsStrm = new MemoryStream(input))

                    {

                        BZip2.Compress(inmsStrm, outmsStrm, buffSize);

                    }

                    return outmsStrm.ToArray();

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                throw ex;

            }

        }

        /**//// <summary>

        /// 解压缩BZIP2数据

        /// </summary>

        /// <param name="input">被BZIP2压缩过的byte[]数据</param>

        /// <returns>解压后的byte[]数据</returns>

        public static byte[] BZipDeCompress(byte[] input)

        {

            if (input == null)

            {

                throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

            }

            try

            {

                using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

                {

                    using (MemoryStream inmsStrm = new MemoryStream(input))

                    {

                        BZip2.Decompress(inmsStrm, outmsStrm);

                    }

                    return outmsStrm.ToArray();

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                throw (ex);

            }

        }

       /**//// <summary>

        /// 压缩Deflater数据

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">待压缩byte[]数据</param>

       /// <returns>返回压缩后的byte[]</returns>

       public static byte[] DeflaterCompress(byte[] input)

       {

           if (input == null)

           {

               throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

           }

           try

           {

               Deflater mDeflater = new Deflater(Deflater.BEST_COMPRESSION);

               //int buffSize = 2048;//131072 buff size

               using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

               {

                   using (DeflaterOutputStream mStream = new DeflaterOutputStream(outmsStrm, mDeflater, buffSize))

                   {

                       mStream.Write(input, , input.Length);

                   }

                   return outmsStrm.ToArray();

               }

           }

           catch (Exception ex)

           {

               throw (ex);

           }

       }

       /**//// <summary>

       /// 解压缩Deflater数据

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">压缩过的byte[]数据</param>

       /// <returns>解压后的byte[]数据</returns>

       public static byte[] DeflaterDeCompress(byte[] input)

        {

            if (input == null)

            {

                throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

            }

            try

            {

                Int32 mSize;

                //int buffSize = 2048;

                byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize];

                using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

                {

                    using (InflaterInputStream mStream = new InflaterInputStream(new MemoryStream(input)))

                    {

                        while (true)

                        {

                            mSize = mStream.Read(buff, , buff.Length);

                            if (mSize > )

                            {

                                outmsStrm.Write(buff, , mSize);

                            }

                            else

                            {

                                break;

                            }

                        }

                    }

                    return outmsStrm.ToArray();

                }

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                throw (ex);

            }

        }

       /**//// <summary>

       /// GZIP压缩

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">未压缩的数据</param>

       /// <returns>GZIP压缩后的数据</returns>

       public static byte[] GZipCompress(byte[] input)

       {

           if (input == null)

           {

               throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

           }

           try

           {

               using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

               {

                   using (GZipOutputStream gzip = new GZipOutputStream(outmsStrm))

                   {

                       gzip.Write(input, , input.Length);

                   }

                   return outmsStrm.ToArray();

               }

           }

           catch (Exception ex)

           {

               throw (ex);

           }

       }

       /**//// <summary>

       /// GZIP解压缩

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">压缩过的数据</param>

       /// <returns>解压后的数据</returns>

       public static byte[] GZipDeCompress(byte[] input)

       {

           if (input == null)

           {

               throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

           }

           try

           {

               using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

               {

                   using (GZipInputStream gzip = new GZipInputStream(new MemoryStream(input)))

                   {

                       Int32 mSize;

                       //int buffSize = 2048;

                       byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize];

                       while (true)

                       {

                           mSize = gzip.Read(buff, , buffSize);

                           if (mSize > )

                           {

                               outmsStrm.Write(buff, , mSize);

                           }

                           else

                           {

                               break;

                           }

                       }

                   }

                   return outmsStrm.ToArray();

               }

           }

           catch (Exception ex)

           {

               throw (ex);

           }

       }

       /**//// <summary>

       /// ZIP压缩数据

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">待压缩的数据</param>

       /// <returns>ZIP压缩后的数据</returns>

       public static byte[] ZipCompress(byte[] input)

       {

           if (input == null)

           {

               throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

           }

           try

           {

               using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

               {

                   using (ZipOutputStream zipStrm = new ZipOutputStream(outmsStrm))

                   {

                       ZipEntry zn = new ZipEntry("znName");

                       zipStrm.PutNextEntry(zn);

                       zipStrm.Write(input, , input.Length);

                   }

                   return outmsStrm.ToArray();

               }

           }

           catch (Exception ex)

           {

               throw (ex);

           }

       }

       /**//// <summary>

       /// ZIP解压缩数据

       /// </summary>

       /// <param name="input">压缩过的数据</param>

       /// <returns>解压后的数据</returns>

       public static byte[] ZipDeCompress(byte[] input)

       {

           if (input == null)

           {

               throw new ArgumentNullException("null input");

           }

           try

           {

               using (MemoryStream outmsStrm = new MemoryStream())

               {

                   using (ZipInputStream zipStrm = new ZipInputStream(new MemoryStream(input)))

                   {

                       Int32 mSize;

                       //int buffSize = 2048;

                       byte[] buff = new byte[buffSize];

                       ZipEntry zn = new ZipEntry("znName");

                       while ((zn = zipStrm.GetNextEntry()) != null)

                       {

                           while (true)

                           {

                               mSize = zipStrm.Read(buff, , buffSize);

                               if (mSize > )

                               {

                                   outmsStrm.Write(buff, , mSize);

                               }

                               else

                               {

                                   break;

                               }

                           }

                       }

                   }

                   return outmsStrm.ToArray();

               }

           }

           catch (Exception ex)

           {

               throw (ex);

           }

       }

添加WebService服务

 //方法二：返回 DataSet 对象用序列化后的byte[]字节数组

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回 DataSet 对象用序列化后的byte[]字节数组。")]

        public byte[] GetDataSetBytes()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            return ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

        }

        //方法三返回 DataSet对象用序列化并Bzip压缩后的byte[]字节数组

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回 DataSet对象用序列化并Bzip压缩后的byte[]字节数组。")]

        public byte[] GetBZiipCompress()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

            byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.BZipCompress(ser);

            return zip;

        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回Deflater压缩")]

        public byte[] GetDeflaterCompress()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

            //byte[] ser = ZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

            byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.DeflaterCompress(ser);

            return zip;

        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回Gzip压缩")]

        public byte[] GetGZipCompress()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

            byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.GZipCompress(ser);

            return zip;

        }

        [WebMethod(Description = "返回Zip压缩")]

        public byte[] GetZipCompress()

        {

            DataSet dataSet = GetNorthwindDataSet();

            byte[] ser = ComZipClass.zip.byteXmlSerializer(dataSet);

            byte[] zip = ComZipClass.zip.ZipCompress(ser);

            return zip;

        }

添加终端设备调用

//webmethod序列化数据

        private void btnSerial_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] datas = ws.GetDataSetBytes();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(datas, typeof(DataSet));

                DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，解压序列化数据耗时：{1}，绑定数据耗时：{2}，数据量：{3}",

                dtDown - dtBegin,dtSerial-dtDown, DateTime.Now - dtDown, datas.Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

        //序列化并压缩BZIP后数据

        private void btnBZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] datas = ws.GetBZiipCompress();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.BZipDeCompress(datas);

                DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now;

                ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet));

                DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                 MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，解压BZIP耗时：{1}，解压序列化耗时：{2}，绑定数据耗时：{3}，数据量：{4}",

                dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

        //序列化并压缩Deflate后数据

        private void btnDeflater_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] datas = ws.GetDeflaterCompress();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.DeflaterDeCompress(datas);

                DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now;

                ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet));

                DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，解压Deflater耗时：{1}，解压序列化耗时：{2}，绑定数据耗时：{3}，数据量：{4}",

               dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

        //序列化并压缩GZIP后数据

        private void btnGZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] datas = ws.GetGZipCompress();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.GZipDeCompress(datas);

                DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now;

                ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet));

                DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，解压GZIP耗时：{1}，解压序列化耗时：{2}，绑定数据耗时：{3}，数据量：{4}",

               dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

        //序列化并压缩ZIP后数据

        private void btnZip_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            try

            {

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = null;

                DataSet ds = new DataSet();

                DateTime dtBegin = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] datas = ws.GetZipCompress();

                DateTime dtDown = DateTime.Now;

                byte[] uzip = ComZipClass.zip.ZipDeCompress(datas);

                DateTime dtUnzip = DateTime.Now;

                ds = (DataSet)ComZipClass.zip.objXmlDeserialize(uzip, typeof(DataSet));

                DateTime dtSerial = DateTime.Now;

                this.dtGrid.DataSource = ds.Tables[];

                MessageBox.Show(string.Format("下载耗时：{0}，解压ZIP耗时：{1}，解压序列化耗时：{2}，绑定数据耗时：{3}，数据量：{4}",

               dtDown - dtBegin, dtUnzip - dtDown, dtSerial - dtUnzip, DateTime.Now - dtSerial, datas.Length));

            }

            catch (Exception ex)

            {

                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());

            }

        }

几个测试压缩数据dataset :268128;serial:269199;bzip:94561;Deflater:107049;gzip:108276;zip:108408;

巴特西

WinCE数据通讯之Web Service篇

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