class DepartmentForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:

        model = models.Department    #关联到Models中的表名Department

        fields = '__all__'      #获取Department表中的所有对象，也可以写成列表['depName','depDes']，指定要获取的对象，而且是有顺序的

        labels = {

            'depName': '部门名称',

            'depDes': '职责描述',

        }

        widgets = {         #设置插件，type类型和类名等属性

            'depName': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','placeholder':'请输入部门名称'}),

            'depDes': forms.TextInput(attrs={'class': 'form-control','placeholder':'请输入部门职责描述'}),

        }

class Depart(models.Model):

    depName = models.TextField(max_length=32, verbose_name='部门名称')

    depDes = models.TextField(max_length=64, black=True, null=True, verbose_name='职责描述')

class DepartmentForm(forms.ModelForm):

    depName = forms.TextField(validators=[],)   #如果depName字段存在，就代表重写这个字段

    count = forms.TextField(validators=[],)     #如果count字段不存在，就代表新增这个字段，models文件中不存在这个字段

    class Meta:

        model = models.Department   #model和fields都是固定写法，不能写

        fields = '__all__'

        labels = {

            'depName': '部门名称',

            'depDes': '职责描述',

        }

        widgets = {

            'depName': forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder':'请输入部门名称'}),

            'depDes': forms.TextInput(attrs={'placeholder':'请输入部门职责描述'}),

             'purchase_date': forms.widgets.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date'}),

                 'expiration_date': forms.widgets.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date'}),

        }

        error_messages = {      #这里的error_messages只能写默认存在的校验字段

            'depName':{

                'required':'不能为空'

            }

        }

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        for field in self.fields.values():

            field.widget.attrs.update({'class': 'form-control'})

class DepartAdd(View):

    def get(self, request):

        form_obj = DepartmentForm()

        return render(request, 'departadd.html', {'form_obj': form_obj})

    def post(self, request):

        form_obj = DepartmentForm(request.POST)

        print(form_obj)

        if form_obj.is_valid():

            # models.Department.objects.create(**form_obj.cleaned_data)

            form_obj.save()        #直接save()方法就可以保存

            return redirect(reverse('departList'))

def depart_add(request):

    form_obj = departForm.DepartForm()

    if request.method == 'POST':

        form_obj = departForm.DepartForm(request.POST)

        if form_obj.is_valid():

            form_obj.save()

            return redirect(reverse('depart_list'))

    return render(request, 'depart/depart_add.html', {'form_obj': form_obj})

def depart_edit(request, pk):

    form_edit = models.Depart.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()

    form_obj = departForm.DepartForm(instance=form_edit)

    if request.method == 'POST':

        form_obj = departForm.DepartForm(request.POST, instance=form_edit)   #这里要将当前对象作为一个实例传给ModelForm

        # 如果没有修改，则不需要校验

        depart_name_new = request.POST.get('depart_name', None)

        if form_edit.depart_name == depart_name_new:

            # 部门描述不需要校验，直接更新保存

            form_edit.depart_desc = request.POST.get('depart_desc', None)

            form_edit.save()

            return redirect(reverse('depart_list'))

        # 如果修改了值，就调用DepartForm校验，注意用instance表示将当前对象传给Modelform校验，模板中字段仍然可以自动生成

        elif form_obj.is_valid():

            form_obj.save()

            return redirect(reverse('depart_list'))

    return render(request, 'depart/depart_edit.html', {'form_edit': form_edit, 'form_obj': form_obj})

<table class="form-horizontal table table-bordered" style="margin-top: 10px">

    <thead>

    <tr>

        <th>ID</th>

        <th>用户名称</th>

        <th>密码</th>

        <th>所属部门</th>

        <th>操作</th>

    </tr>

    </thead>

    <tbody>

    {% for user in user_all %}

        <tr>

        <td>{{ forloop.counter }}</td>

        <td>{{ user.username }}</td>

        <td>{{ user.pwd }}</td>

{#        <td>{{ user.depart.depart_name}}</td>#}  #这里可以通过depart外键.depart_name来获取部门名称进行前端页面显示

         <td>{{ user.depart }}</td>                         #也可以通过在models.py中给Depart类写__str__方法，这里就不需要用点方法了

        <td>

            <a href="{% url 'user_edit' user.pk %}"><i class="fa fa-edit fa-2x"></i></a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;

            <a class="del" del_obj="user" del_id="{{ user.pk }}"><i class="fa fa-trash-o fa-2x" style="cursor: pointer;"></i></a>

        </td>

        </tr>

    {% endfor %}

    </tbody>

</table>

<form action="" method="post" class="form-horizontal">

    {% csrf_token %}

    <div class="form-group {% if form_obj.depName.errors %}has-error{% endif %}">

        <label for="{{ form_obj.depName.id_for_label }}" class="col-lg-2 control-label">{{ form_obj.depName.label }}</label>

        <div class="col-lg-6">

            {{ form_obj.depName }}

        </div>

        <span class="help-block">{{ form_obj.errors.0 }}</span>

    </div>

bootstrape样式中使用has-error和help-block类渲染错误提示效果

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.

class Depart(models.Model):

    depart_name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='部门名称')

    depart_desc = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name='部门描述')

        #通过写__str__方法，前端直接调用depart对象时就可以直接获取到depart_name的值了

    def __str__(self):

        return self.depart_name

class User(models.Model):

    username = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='用户名')

    pwd = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name='密码')

    depart = models.ForeignKey(to='Depart', verbose_name='所属部门')