pyquery解析库的介绍和使用

### pyquery的介绍和使用

## 测试文本

text = '''

<html><head><title>there is money</title></head>

<body>

<p class="title" name="dmr"><b>there is money</b>contents</p>

<p class="money">good good study, day day up

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

</p>

<p class='body'>...</p>

'''

1. pyquery对象初始化，html字符串，url，file皆可

## pyquery对象初始化，html字符串，url，file皆可

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

import requests

# html字符串初始化

doc = pq(text)

print(doc('a'))

# url初始化

doc = pq(requests.get('https://www.baidu.com').text)

print(doc('title'))

# 读取文件内容初始化，编码格式为GBK，当有不可识别字符时会报错，可通过open指定编码格式为utf-8来解决

# doc = pq(filename='text')

# print(doc('li'))

2. 基本CSS选择器

## 基本CSS选择器

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(text)

print(type(doc))

print(doc('.money a'))

print(doc('.money #l1'))

'''

输出内容：

<class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

'''

输出内容

3. 查找节点，返回一个PyQuery对象，当匹配到多个节点时，PyQuery对象值为多个节点的字符串整合

## 查找节点，返回一个PyQuery对象，当匹配到多个节点时，PyQuery对象值为多个节点的字符串整合

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(text)

items = doc('p')

print(items)

print(type(items))

# 查找子节点

print(items.children('#l2'))

print('--------------------分隔符------------------')

# 查找父节点

print(items.parent())

print('--------------------分隔符------------------')

print(items.parents('html'))

print('--------------------分隔符------------------')

## 查找兄弟节点

print(items('#l2').siblings())

'''

输出内容：

<p class="title" name="dmr"><b>there is money</b></p>

<p class="money">good good study, day day up

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

</p>

<p class="body">...</p>

<class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and 

--------------------分隔符------------------

<body>

<p class="title" name="dmr"><b>there is money</b></p>

<p class="money">good good study, day day up

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

</p>

<p class="body">...</p>

</body>

--------------------分隔符------------------

<html><head><title>there is money</title></head>

<body>

<p class="title" name="dmr"><b>there is money</b></p>

<p class="money">good good study, day day up

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

</p>

<p class="body">...</p>

</body></html>

--------------------分隔符------------------

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

'''

输出内容

4. 遍历，通过PyQuery对象的items方法可以把匹配到多个节点的PyQuery对象构造成一个生成器

## 遍历，通过PyQuery对象的items方法可以把匹配到多个节点的PyQuery对象构造成一个生成器

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(doc)

print(doc('a'))

items = doc('a').items()

print(type(items))

for i, item in enumerate(items):

    print(i, item, type(item))

'''

输出内容：

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

<class 'generator'>

0 <a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

1 <a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

2 <a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

'''

输出内容

5. 获取属性和文本

## 获取属性和文本

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(doc)

# 获取属性，当多个节点时，同上，用items方法构造生成器然后进行遍历输出

a = doc('.error.ed2')

print(a, type(a))

print(a.attr('href'))

print(a.attr.href)

'''

输出结果：

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

https://www.baidu.com/2

https://www.baidu.com/2

'''

## 获取文本

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(text)

print(doc('a.error'))

# 第一个a节点文本内容为注释内容，所以不输出

print(doc('a.error').text())  # 只输出节点内的文本内容

print(doc('a.error').html())  # 输出节点内的内容，包含标签内容

items = doc('a.error').items()

for i, item in enumerate(items):

    print(i, type(item), item.text())

    print(i, type(item), item.html())

'''

输出内容：

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

 2 3

<span><!-- 1 --></span>

0 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'>

0 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <span><!-- 1 --></span>

1 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> 2

1 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> <span>2</span>

2 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> 3

2 <class 'pyquery.pyquery.PyQuery'> 3

'''

6. 节点操作

## 节点操作

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(text)

p = doc('.title')


# addClass和removeClass，增加或减少class属性值

p.add_class('admin')

print(p.attr.class_)

p.removeClass('title')

print(p.attr('class'))


# attr、text和html，修改属性、文本、HTML文本内容

print(p.attr.name)

print(p.text())

print(p.html())

p.attr('name', 'test')

print(p.attr.name)

p.text('change text')

print(p.text())

p.html('<span>change html</span>')

print(p.html())


# remove，移除节点

doc = pq(text)

p = doc('.title')

print(p.html())

p.remove('b')

print(p.html())

'''

输出内容：

title admin

admin

dmr

there is money

<b>there is money</b>

test

change text

<span>change html</span>

<b>there is money</b>contents

 contents

'''

输出内容

7. 伪类编辑器

# 伪类编辑器

from pyquery import PyQuery as pq

doc = pq(text)

# 第一个a节点

a = doc('a:first-child')

print(a)

# 最后一个a节点

a = doc('a:last-child')

print(a)

# 第二个a节点

a = doc('a:nth-child(2)')

print(a)

# 第0个节点之后的节点

a = doc('a:gt(0)')

print(a)

# 偶数位置的节点

a = doc('a:nth-child(2n)')

print(a)

# 文本内容包含3的节点

a = doc('a:contains("3")')

print(a)

'''

输出内容：

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/1" class="error" id="l1"><span><!-- 1 --></span></a>,

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and 

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/2" class="error ed2" id="l2"><span>2</span></a> and 

<a href="https://www.baidu.com/3" class="error" id="l3">3</a>;

66666666666

'''

巴特西

pyquery解析库的介绍和使用

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