# -*- coding:gbk -*-

 # 即使设置文件编码为gbk，下方定义的字符串s1依旧为unicode

 # 获取默认编码格式

 import sys

 print(sys.getdefaultencoding())

 # >>> utf-8

 # 编码转换

 # --------------python 2----------------

 # utf-8  -->   decode  -->  unicode

 # unicode --> encode --> gbk

 s = "你好"

 # 无decode方法，由于python3默认unicode, utf-8为原本的字符集，传给decode识别

 s_unicode = s.decode("utf-8")

 # gbk为目标字符集，指定给encode进行转换

 s_gbk = s_unicode.encode("gbk")

 # 示例

 s1 = "大家好"

 s1_to_utf8 = s1.encode("utf-8")

 print(s1_to_utf8) # >>> b'\xe5\xa4\xa7\xe5\xae\xb6\xe5\xa5\xbd'

 s1_to_gbk = s1_to_utf8.decode("utf-8").encode("gbk")

 s1_to_gb2312 = s1_to_utf8.decode("utf-8").encode("gb2312")

 s1_to_gb2312_chinese = s1_to_gb2312.decode("gb2312")

 # decode转换为unicode后可以输出中文，所以证明默认为unicode

 print(s1_to_gb2312_chinese) # >>> 大家好

 print(s1_to_gb2312) # >>> b'\xb4\xf3\xbc\xd2\xba\xc3'

 print(s1_to_gbk) # >>> b'\xb4\xf3\xbc\xd2\xba\xc3'

 print(s1) # >>> 大家好