C# 身份证号码15位和18位验证
2024-09-06 22:08:39
/// <summary>
/// 身份证
/// </summary>
[Serializable]
public class IDCard
{
/// <summary>
/// 身份证号
/// </summary>
public string IDCardNum { get; set; }
/// <summary>
/// 行政区
/// </summary>
public string Canton { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 出生日期
/// </summary>
public DateTime Birthday { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 性别(0-女；1-男)
/// </summary>
public int Gander { get; private set; }
/// <summary>
/// 是否为合法身份证号
/// </summary>
public bool IsIDCard { get; private set; } public IDCard() { } public IDCard(string IDnumber)
{
this.IDCardNum = IDnumber;
} /// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="number"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static IDCard Parse(string number)
{
IDCard idCard = new IDCard(number); const int s5bits = 15;
const int s8bits = 18; #region 15位
if (number.Length == s5bits) //15位的处理
{
//检查输入是否为数字
for (int i = 0; i < number.Length; i++)
{
if ((number[i] < '0') || (number[i] > '9'))
{
throw new FormatException("身份证号错误");
}
} //出生日期
string birthday = "19" + number.Substring(6, 6);
string year = birthday.Substring(0, 4);
string month = birthday.Substring(4, 2);
string day = birthday.Substring(6, 2);
birthday = string.Format("{0}-{1}-{2}", year, month, day); DateTime date = new DateTime();
if (DateTime.TryParse(birthday, out date))
{
idCard.Birthday = date;
}
else
{
throw new InvalidCastException("身份证号出生日期错误");
}
//性别
if ((number[s5bits - 1] == '0') || (number[s5bits - 1] % 2 == 0))
{
idCard.Gander = 0; // 女
}
else
{
idCard.Gander = 1; // 男
} idCard.IsIDCard = true;
return idCard;
}
#endregion #region 18位
else if (number.Length == s8bits) //18位的处理
{
// 检查前17位是否为数字
for (int i = 0; i < number.Length -1; i++)
{
if ((number[i] < '0') || (number[i] > '9'))
{
throw new FormatException("身份证号错误");
}
} char end = number[s8bits - 1]; //最后一位 //最后1位是x转成大写X
if (end == 'x')
{
end = 'X';
number = number.Substring(0, s8bits - 1) + end;
} if (!(end == 'X' || (end >= '0' && end <= '9')))
{
throw new FormatException("身份证号错误");
}
/// 校验
int num = 0;
char proof;
for (int i = 17; i > 0; i--)
{
num = num + (int)(Math.Pow(2, i) % 11) * (number[17 - i] - 48);
}
num %= 11;
switch (num)
{
case 0:
proof = '1';
break;
case 1:
proof = '0';
break;
case 2:
proof = 'X';
break;
default:
proof = (char)(12 - num + 48);
break;
} if (end != proof) //最后一位与校验码不符
{
throw new FormatException("身份证号错误");
} //出生日期
string birthday = number.Substring(6, 8);
string year = birthday.Substring(0, 4);
string month = birthday.Substring(4, 2);
string day = birthday.Substring(6, 2);
birthday = string.Format("{0}-{1}-{2}", year, month, day); DateTime date = new DateTime();
if (DateTime.TryParse(birthday, out date))
{
idCard.Birthday = date;
}
else
{
throw new InvalidCastException("身份证号出生日期错误");
} //行政区
idCard.Canton = number.Substring(0, 6); //性别
if ((number[16] == '0') || (number[16] % 2 == 0))
{
idCard.Gander = 0; //女
}
else
{
idCard.Gander = 1; //男
} idCard.IsIDCard = true;
return idCard;
}
#endregion
else
{
throw new FormatException("无效的身份证号码位数：" + number.Length);
}
} public static bool TryParse(string number, out IDCard card)
{
IDCard idCard = null;
bool isIdCard = true;
try
{
Parse(number);
}
catch (Exception)
{
isIdCard = false;
}
card = idCard;
return isIdCard;
}
}
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