Android Asynchronous Http Client
Features
- Make asynchronous HTTP requests, handle responses in anonymous callbacks
- HTTP requests happen outside the UI thread
- Requests use a threadpool to cap concurrent resource usage
- GET/POST params builder (RequestParams)
- Multipart file uploads with no additional third party libraries
- Streamed JSON uploads with no additional libraries
- Handling circular and relative redirects
- Tiny size overhead to your application, only 90kb for everything
- Automatic smart request retries optimized for spotty mobile connections
- Automatic gzip response decoding support for super-fast requests
- Binary protocol communication with
BinaryHttpResponseHandler
- Built-in response parsing into JSON with
JsonHttpResponseHandler
- Saving response directly into file with
FileAsyncHttpResponseHandler
- Persistent cookie store, saves cookies into your app’s SharedPreferences
- Integration with Jackson JSON, Gson or other JSON (de)serializing libraries with
BaseJsonHttpResponseHandler
- Support for SAX parser with
SaxAsyncHttpResponseHandler
- Support for languages and content encodings, not just UTF-8
Used in Production By Top Apps and Developers
- Instagram is the #1 photo app on android, with over 10million users
- Popular online pinboard. Organize and share things you love.
- Frontline Commando (Glu Games)
- #1 first person shooting game on Android, by Glu Games.
- Heyzap
- Social game discovery app with millions of users
- Pose
- Pose is the #1 fashion app for sharing and discovering new styles
- Thousands more apps…
- Async HTTP is used in production by thousands of top apps.
Installation & Basic Usage
Add maven dependency using Gradle buildscript in format
dependencies {
compile 'com.loopj.android:android-async-http:1.4.5'
}
Import the http package.
import com.loopj.android.http.*;
Create a new AsyncHttpClient
instance and make a request:
AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.get("http://www.google.com", new AsyncHttpResponseHandler() { @Override
public void onStart() {
// called before request is started
} @Override
public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] response) {
// called when response HTTP status is "200 OK"
} @Override
public void onFailure(int statusCode, Header[] headers, byte[] errorResponse, Throwable e) {
// called when response HTTP status is "4XX" (eg. 401, 403, 404)
} @Override
public void onRetry(int retryNo) {
// called when request is retried
}
});
Recommended Usage: Make a Static Http Client
In this example, we’ll make a http client class with static accessors to make it easy to communicate with Twitter’s API.
import com.loopj.android.http.*; public class TwitterRestClient {
private static final String BASE_URL = "http://api.twitter.com/1/"; private static AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient(); public static void get(String url, RequestParams params, AsyncHttpResponseHandler responseHandler) {
client.get(getAbsoluteUrl(url), params, responseHandler);
} public static void post(String url, RequestParams params, AsyncHttpResponseHandler responseHandler) {
client.post(getAbsoluteUrl(url), params, responseHandler);
} private static String getAbsoluteUrl(String relativeUrl) {
return BASE_URL + relativeUrl;
}
}
This then makes it very easy to work with the Twitter API in your code:
import org.json.*;
import com.loopj.android.http.*; class TwitterRestClientUsage {
public void getPublicTimeline() throws JSONException {
TwitterRestClient.get("statuses/public_timeline.json", null, new JsonHttpResponseHandler() {
@Override
public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, JSONObject response) {
// If the response is JSONObject instead of expected JSONArray
} @Override
public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, JSONArray timeline) {
// Pull out the first event on the public timeline
JSONObject firstEvent = timeline.get(0);
String tweetText = firstEvent.getString("text"); // Do something with the response
System.out.println(tweetText);
}
});
}
}
Check out the AsyncHttpClient, RequestParams and AsyncHttpResponseHandlerJavadocs for more details.
Persistent Cookie Storage with PersistentCookieStore
This library also includes a PersistentCookieStore
which is an implementation of the Apache HttpClient CookieStore
interface that automatically saves cookies toSharedPreferences
storage on the Android device.
This is extremely useful if you want to use cookies to manage authentication sessions, since the user will remain logged in even after closing and re-opening your app.
First, create an instance of AsyncHttpClient
:
AsyncHttpClient myClient = new AsyncHttpClient();
Now set this client’s cookie store to be a new instance of PersistentCookieStore
, constructed with an activity or application context (usually this
will suffice):
PersistentCookieStore myCookieStore = new PersistentCookieStore(this);
myClient.setCookieStore(myCookieStore);
Any cookies received from servers will now be stored in the persistent cookie store.
To add your own cookies to the store, simply construct a new cookie and calladdCookie
:
BasicClientCookie newCookie = new BasicClientCookie("cookiesare", "awesome");
newCookie.setVersion(1);
newCookie.setDomain("mydomain.com");
newCookie.setPath("/");
myCookieStore.addCookie(newCookie);
See the PersistentCookieStore Javadoc for more information.
Adding GET/POST Parameters with RequestParams
The RequestParams
class is used to add optional GET or POST parameters to your requests. RequestParams
can be built and constructed in various ways:
Create empty RequestParams
and immediately add some parameters:
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
params.put("key", "value");
params.put("more", "data");
Create RequestParams
for a single parameter:
RequestParams params = new RequestParams("single", "value");
Create RequestParams
from an existing Map
of key/value strings:
HashMap<String, String> paramMap = new HashMap<String, String>();
paramMap.put("key", "value");
RequestParams params = new RequestParams(paramMap);
See the RequestParams Javadoc for more information.
Uploading Files with RequestParams
The RequestParams
class additionally supports multipart file uploads as follows:
Add an InputStream
to the RequestParams
to upload:
InputStream myInputStream = blah;
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
params.put("secret_passwords", myInputStream, "passwords.txt");
Add a File
object to the RequestParams
to upload:
File myFile = new File("/path/to/file.png");
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
try {
params.put("profile_picture", myFile);
} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {}
Add a byte array to the RequestParams
to upload:
byte[] myByteArray = blah;
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
params.put("soundtrack", new ByteArrayInputStream(myByteArray), "she-wolf.mp3");
See the RequestParams Javadoc for more information.
Downloading Binary Data with FileAsyncHttpResponseHandler
The FileAsyncHttpResponseHandler
class can be used to fetch binary data such as images and other files. For example:
AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.get("http://example.com/file.png", new FileAsyncHttpResponseHandler(/* Context */ this) {
@Override
public void onSuccess(int statusCode, Header[] headers, File response) {
// Do something with the file `response`
}
});
See the FileAsyncHttpResponseHandler Javadoc for more information.
Adding HTTP Basic Auth credentials
Some requests may need username/password credentials when dealing with API services that use HTTP Basic Access Authentication requests. You can use the method setBasicAuth()
to provide your credentials.
Set username/password for any host and realm for a particular request. By default the Authentication Scope is for any host, port and realm.
AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.setBasicAuth("username","password/token");
client.get("http://example.com");
You can also provide a more specific Authentication Scope (recommended)
AsyncHttpClient client = new AsyncHttpClient();
client.setBasicAuth("username","password", new AuthScope("example.com", 80, AuthScope.ANY_REALM));
client.get("http://example.com");
See the RequestParams Javadoc for more information.
Testing on device
You can test the library on real device or emulator using provided Sample Application. Sample application implements all important functions of library, you can use it as source of inspiration.
Source code of sample application: https://github.com/loopj/android-async-http/tree/master/sample
To run sample application, clone the android-async-http github repository and run command in it’s root:
gradle :sample:installDebug
Which will install Sample application on connected device, all examples do work immediately, if not please file bug report on https://github.com/loopj/android-async-http/issues
Building from Source
To build a .jar
file from source, first make a clone of the android-async-http github repository. Then you have to have installed Android SDK and Gradle buildscript, then just run:
gradle :library:jarRelease
This will generate a file in path {repository_root}/library/build/libs/library-1.4.6.jar
.
Reporting Bugs or Feature Requests
Please report any bugs or feature requests on the github issues page for this project here:
https://github.com/loopj/android-async-http/issues
Credits & Contributors
- James Smith (http://github.com/loopj)
- Creator and Maintainer
- Marek Sebera (http://github.com/smarek)
- Maintainer since 1.4.4 release
- Noor Dawod (https://github.com/fineswap)
- Maintainer since 1.4.5 release
- Luciano Vitti (https://github.com/xAnubiSx)
- Collaborated on Sample Application
- Jason Choy (https://github.com/jjwchoy)
- Added support for RequestHandle feature
- Micah Fivecoate (http://github.com/m5)
- Major Contributor, including the original
RequestParams
- The Droid Fu Project (https://github.com/kaeppler/droid-fu)
- Inspiration and code for better http retries
- Rafael Sanches (http://blog.rafaelsanches.com)
- Original
SimpleMultipartEntity
code - Anthony Persaud (http://github.com/apersaud)
- Added support for HTTP Basic Authentication requests.
- Linden Darling (http://github.com/coreform)
- Added support for binary/image responses
And many others, contributions are listed in each file in license header. You can also find contributors by looking on project commits, issues and pull-requests onGithub
License
The Android Asynchronous Http Client is released under the Android-friendly Apache License, Version 2.0. Read the full license here:
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
About the Author
James Smith, British entrepreneur and developer based in San Francisco.
I'm the co-founder of Bugsnag with Simon Maynard, and from 2009 to 2012 I led up the product team as CTO of Heyzap.
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