在Linux上使用web2py_uwsgi_nginx搭建web服务器

本文介绍在Linux使用Python+Nginx+web2py+uWSGI搭建一个web服务器的过程。

Python 2.7.11

解压安装包



tar -zxvf Python-2.7.11.tgz

cd Python-2.7.11

yum install sqlite-devel

./configure --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions

会提示错误



Python build finished, but the necessary bits to build these modules were not found:

_ssl               _tkinter           bsddb185

bz2                dl                 imageop

sunaudiodev

To find the necessary bits, look in setup.py in detect_modules() for the module's name.

需要安装相应的依赖包



yum install openssl-devel

按照依赖包操作，具体可以参照这篇文档

继续安装



make

make install

rm /usr/bin/python

ln -s /usr/local/bin/python2.7 /usr/bin/python

python

Python 2.7.11 (default, Feb  2 2016, 14:33:40)

[GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-16)] on linux2

Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

安装Nginx

tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz

tar -xzvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz

tar -zxvf pcre-8.37.tar.gz

groupadd nginx

useradd nginx -g nginx

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/nginx \

--user=nginx \

--group=nginx \

--with-pcre=/opt/web/pcre-8.37 \

--with-zlib=/opt/web/zlib-1.2.8 \

--with-http_addition_module \

--with-http_realip_module

make

make install

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin

./nginx

安装uWSGI



tar -zxvf uwsgi-latest.tar.gz

cd uwsgi-2.0.12

python uwsgiconfig.py --build

cp uwsgi /usr/sbin

配置uWSGI

创建配置文件/etc/uwsgi/web2py.ini，并在配置文件中输入以下内容。



[uwsgi]

socket = 127.0.0.1:9090

pythonpath = /var/www/html/web2py/

mount = /=wsgihandler:application

processes = 4

master = true

harakiri = 60

reload-mercy = 8

cpu-affinity = 1

stats = /tmp/%n.stats.socket

max-requests = 5000

limit-as = 1024

reload-on-as = 256

reload-on-rss = 192

cron = 0 0 -1 -1 -1 python /var/www/html/web2py/web2py.py -Q -S welcome -M -R scripts/sessions2trash.py -A -o

no-orphans = true

chmod-socket = 666

创建uWSGI开关命令。



'#!/bin/sh

'# Autor: Nilton OS -- www.linuxpro.com.br

'#

'#

'### BEGIN INIT INFO

'# Provides:          uwsgi

'# Required-Start:    $syslog $remote_fs

'# Should-Start:      $time ypbind smtp

'# Required-Stop:     $syslog $remote_fs

'# Should-Stop:       ypbind smtp

'# Default-Start:     3 5

'# Default-Stop:      0 1 2 6

'### END INIT INFO

'# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

'# Check for missing binaries (stale symlinks should not happen)

UWSGI_BIN=`which uwsgi`

test -x $UWSGI_BIN || { echo "$UWSGI_BIN not installed";

        if [ "$1" = "stop" ]; then exit 0;

        else exit 5; fi; }

UWSGI_EMPEROR_MODE=true

UWSGI_VASSALS="/etc/uwsgi/"

UWSGI_OPTIONS="--enable-threads --logto /var/log/uwsgi/uwsgi.log"

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/uwsgi

UWSGI_OPTIONS="$UWSGI_OPTIONS --autoload"

if [ "$UWSGI_EMPEROR_MODE" = "true" ] ; then

    UWSGI_OPTIONS="$UWSGI_OPTIONS --emperor $UWSGI_VASSALS"

fi

case "$1" in

    start)

        echo -n "Starting uWSGI "

        daemon $UWSGI_BIN $UWSGI_OPTIONS &

        ;;

    stop)

        echo -n "Shutting down uWSGI "

        killproc $UWSGI_BIN

        ;;

    restart)

        $0 stop

        $0 start

        ;;

    status)

        echo -n "Checking for service uWSGI "

        status $UWSGI_BIN

        ;;

    *)

        echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart}"

        exit 1

        ;;

esac

exit 0

根据上面的开关命令，还需要增加一个uWSGI的日志文件。



mkdir -p /var/log/uwsgi

touch /var/log/uwsgi/uwsgi.log

web2py安装

所谓的安装只需要将web2py的包解压到指定目录就可以，从官网可以下载二进制包。



mkdir /var/www/html

unzip web2py_src.zip

mv web2py/handlers/wsgihandler.py web2py/wsgihandler.py

chown -R nginx:nginx web2py

cd web2py

sudo -u nginx python -c "from gluon.main import save_password; save_password('password',443)"

配置NginX

增加一个server模块，监听80端口，将访问使用uWSGI转移到web2py。



server {

        listen          80;

        server_name     YOUR_SERVER_FQDN;

        '#to enable correct use of response.static_version

        location ~* /(\w+)/static(?:/_[\d]+\.[\d]+\.[\d]+)?/(.*)$ {

            alias /var/www/html/web2py/applications/$1/static/$2;

            expires max;

        }

        location / {

            uwsgi_pass      127.0.0.1:9090;

            uwsgi_pass      unix:///var/www/html/web2py/logs/web2py.socket;

            include         /etc/nginx/uwsgi_params;

        }

}

启动Nginx和uWSGI

注意：web2py本身不需要启动，只用被uWSGI被动调用即可。



/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

/etc/init.d/uwsgi start

以上执行完后，在浏览器访问服务器的IP地址，若需要以下页面则说明部署成功。

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--EOF--

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