PS:这次用公司的项目来练手,希望公司不会起诉我,因为我绝对是抱着学习的态度,没有任何恶意。仅供交流学习。

该项目是基于SharePoint平台所开发的门户网站,为了切身感受一下Selenium 2.0我决定自己动手写一个自动化测试用例,而不是通过录制的方式,以加深我对一些web操作的理解。

我设计的测试用例是:检查Staff Spotlight中所包含的item对应三级页面显示的信息是否正确。具体逻辑是,在英语浏览器下检查后台list中英语Column的value和三级page中对应Column的value是否一致,在日语浏览器下检查后台list中日语Column的value和三级page中对应Column的value是否一致,如果是英语浏览器下后台list中没有勾选“English Ready”项,则在三级page中显示日语Column的value。

三级page如下:

点击页面右上角的“Edit Item”按钮可以跳转到后台list中相应的item编辑页面;点击上方的“日本语”按钮可以进行英语和日语的语言切换,点击“日本语”将切换到日本语,再点击“English”将切换到英语。

我们本次要取的页面元素就是Department,Location,Title以及Join Date的页面value。然后点击“Edit Item”按钮跳转到后台item编辑页面,按“F12”,找到对应要获取的后台元素值:

获取到对应的Column的value所在页面的元素,然后获取页面上显示的值,将其与三级page上的value按我们之前说过的逻辑进行比对,如果一样,测试通过;如果不一样,测试失败。

代码如下:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using OpenQA.Selenium;
using OpenQA.Selenium.IE;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support;
using OpenQA.Selenium.Support.UI;
using Selenium;
using mySelenium;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
using System.Threading;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Globalization; namespace mySelenium
{
class LoginSPSite
{
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
static void Main(string[] args)
{
IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();
IWebDriver iw = login(driver,"https://insite.ccqa11apps.com/Pages/default.aspx");
INavigation navi = iw.Navigate();
string language = checkLanguage(iw);
if (language == "English")
{
//Check the English page.(检查英语页面信息。)
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("--English page check--");
checkPageInfo(iw,"En");
//Turn to the Japanese page.(转换到日语页面。)
navi.GoToUrl("https://insite.ccqa11apps.com/Pages/default.aspx");
waitUntilPageLoaded(iw, "ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage");
iw.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage")).Click();
//Check the Japanese page.(检查日语页面信息。)
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("--Japanese page check--");
checkPageInfo(iw,"Ja");
}
//Language is "Japanese".
else
{
//Check the Japanese page.(检查日语页面信息。)
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("--Japanese page check--");
checkPageInfo(iw,"Ja");
//Turn to the English page.(转换到英语页面。)
navi.GoToUrl("https://insite.ccqa11apps.com/Pages/default.aspx");
waitUntilPageLoaded(iw, "ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage");
iw.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage")).Click();
//Check the English page.(检查英语页面信息。)
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Yellow;
Console.WriteLine("--English page check--");
checkPageInfo(iw, "En");
}
}//Get the 3rd page info.(从三级page中获取指定的Column的value,需要传入IWebDriver对象以及当前页面的语言种类。)
private static void checkPageInfo(IWebDriver iw,string LanType)
{
//Check 3rd page with the format: "https://insite.ccqa11apps.com/_layouts/15/InSite/pages/StaffDetails.aspx?id=" under the English environment.
INavigation navi = iw.Navigate();
for (int i = ; i <= ; i++)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.White;
Console.WriteLine("This is the " + i + " staff item check info:");
navi.GoToUrl("https://insite.ccqa11apps.com/_layouts/15/InSite/pages/StaffDetails.aspx?id=" + i.ToString());
var eles = iw.FindElements(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-content-splitline"));
//Get the info from the 3rd page.(获取三级page上Column的value信息。)
StaffSpotlight staffSpotlight = new StaffSpotlight();
staffSpotlight.Department = eles[].FindElement(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-content-splitline-bottom")).Text;
staffSpotlight.Location = eles[].FindElement(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-content-splitline-bottom")).Text;
staffSpotlight.Title = eles[].FindElement(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-content-splitline-bottom")).Text;
staffSpotlight.JoinDate = eles[].FindElement(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-content-splitline-bottom")).Text;
//Find the "Edit Item" button.(找到“Edit Item”按钮并点击。)
iw.FindElement(By.ClassName("apps-staffdetail-edit")).Click();
//Wait until the element on page loaded.(等待页面元素加载完成。)
waitUntilPageLoaded(iw, "Inpex_Department_$containereditableRegion");
//Get the info from the backend list.(获取后台list中Column的value信息。)
StaffSpotlight staffInfoFromBackend = new StaffSpotlight();
staffInfoFromBackend.Department = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Department_$containereditableRegion")).FindElement(By.ClassName("valid-text")).Text;
staffInfoFromBackend.Location = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Office_$containereditableRegion")).FindElement(By.ClassName("valid-text")).Text;
//Job title is the title under English IE.(Title是日语浏览器中显示的Title,EnTitle是英语浏览器中显示的Title。)
staffInfoFromBackend.Title = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Job_Title_30756774-5931-4844-bac1-a2f463d04ca0_$TextField")).GetAttribute("value").ToString();
staffInfoFromBackend.EnTitle = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Job_Title_E_ef6d11a7-f73e-4885-bef1-527a1c03c924_$TextField")).GetAttribute("value").ToString();
staffInfoFromBackend.JoinDate = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Join_Date_b133dcfe-4e0c-4f0f-8b82-92a549516e6d_$DateTimeFieldDate")).GetAttribute("value").ToString();
//Compare the actual 3rd info with the expected backend info.(将三级page中的Column value和预期value比较。)
Compare("Department", staffSpotlight.Department, staffInfoFromBackend.Department);
Compare("Location", staffSpotlight.Location, staffInfoFromBackend.Location);
          //英语页面的Title信息比对检查逻辑。
if (LanType == "En")
{
try
{
//If can get the element underneath, it means "English Ready" has been checked.(如果可以在页面上获取到该元素,说明“English Ready”这一项是勾选的。)
string ifChecked = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_E_Text_a355a229-a1bb-48f5-81dd-e428a0d4fbd2_$BooleanField")).GetAttribute("checked").ToString();
Console.WriteLine("The Englisht ready has been checked: " + ifChecked);
//Compare the title with the backend "En" one.(比对EnTitle和三级page中的Column value是否一致。)
Compare("Title", staffSpotlight.Title, staffInfoFromBackend.EnTitle);
}
//If can not get the element by the ID above, it means "English Ready" has not been checked.(如果获取不到“English Ready”元素下的“checked” Attribute,说明没勾选。)
catch(Exception ex)
{
WriteLog(ex);
//Compare the title with the backend "Jp" one.(比对Title和三级page中的Column value是否一致。)
Console.WriteLine("The Englisht ready has been checked: false");
Compare("Title", staffSpotlight.Title, staffInfoFromBackend.Title);
}
}
          //日语页面的Title信息比对检查逻辑。
else
{
staffInfoFromBackend.Title = iw.FindElement(By.Id("Inpex_Job_Title_30756774-5931-4844-bac1-a2f463d04ca0_$TextField")).GetAttribute("value").ToString();
Compare("JapTitle", staffSpotlight.Title, staffInfoFromBackend.Title);
}
//Change the time format into the same.(统一转换三级page上的join date时间格式以及后台list item的join date时间格式,并进行比较。)
string joinDateOnPage;
string joinDateFromBackend;
if (staffSpotlight.JoinDate != "")
{
DateTime dt = Convert.ToDateTime(staffSpotlight.JoinDate);
joinDateOnPage = dt.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
}
else
{
joinDateOnPage = "";
}
if (staffInfoFromBackend.JoinDate != "")
{
DateTime dt2 = Convert.ToDateTime(staffInfoFromBackend.JoinDate);
joinDateFromBackend = dt2.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd");
}
else
{
joinDateFromBackend = "";
}
Compare("JoinDate", joinDateOnPage, joinDateFromBackend);
}
}
     //Compare value method.(传入:对应要检查的Column的标题,三级page中Column的value,后台list中item对应Column的value。)
private static void Compare(string title, string p1, string p2)
{
if (p1 == p2)
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Green;
Console.WriteLine(title + " info on the 3rd page has passed the check.");
}
else
{
Console.ForegroundColor = ConsoleColor.Red;
Console.WriteLine(title + "info on the 3rd page has not passed the check.");
Console.WriteLine("The info on the 3rd page: " + p1);
Console.WriteLine("The info from the backend page: " + p2);
}
}
//Check language method.(检查当前页面所处于的语言环境,判断是英语还是日语,并返回当前语言种类。)
private static string checkLanguage(IWebDriver iw)
{
string currentLanguage;
//Wait until the element on page loaded.
waitUntilPageLoaded(iw, "ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage");
string language = iw.FindElement(By.Id("ctl00_ctl21_ToggleLanguage")).Text;
if (language.Length == )
{
currentLanguage = "English";
return currentLanguage;
}
else
{
currentLanguage = "Japanese";
return currentLanguage;
}
}
//Wait until loaded method.(等待网页加载完毕指定元素,如果没有加载完,获取不到,捕获异常,继续等待,直到指定元素加载完毕。)
private static void waitUntilPageLoaded(IWebDriver iw, string element)
{
try
{
iw.FindElement(By.Id(element));
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
WriteLog(ex);
Thread.Sleep();
waitUntilPageLoaded(iw, element);
}
}
//Login method.(登陆网站的方法,需要传入IWebDriver对象以及网站的url。)
public static IWebDriver login(IWebDriver driver, string url)
{
INavigation navigation = driver.Navigate();
navigation.GoToUrl(url);
driver.FindElement(By.Id("overridelink")).Click();
IntPtr myPtr = GetForegroundWindow();
//IntPtr hWnd = FindWindow(null, "abc");
if (myPtr != IntPtr.Zero)
{
//Send message to the window.
System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("dswu");
System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{TAB}");
System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("1qaz2wsxE");
System.Windows.Forms.SendKeys.SendWait("{ENTER}");
}
return driver;
}
//Write log method.(将捕获到的异常打印到本地log文件中。)
private static void WriteLog(Exception ex)
{
string logUrl = Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.DesktopDirectory) + "\\SeleniumAutoTest.txt";
if (File.Exists(@logUrl))
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(logUrl, FileMode.Append))
{
using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default))
{
try
{
sw.Write(ex);
}
catch (Exception ex1)
{
WriteLog(ex1);
}
finally
{
sw.Close();
fs.Close();
}
}
}
}
else
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(logUrl, FileMode.CreateNew))
{
using (StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(fs, Encoding.Default))
{
try
{
sw.Write(ex);
}
catch (Exception ex1)
{
WriteLog(ex1);
}
finally
{
sw.Close();
fs.Close();
}
}
}
}
}
}
}

这里我创建一个类,用来存储三级page以及后台list中获取到的Staff item的信息:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text; namespace mySelenium
{
class StaffSpotlight
{
public string Department { get; set; }
public string Location { get; set; }
public string Title { get; set; }
public string EnTitle { get; set; }
public string JoinDate { get; set; }
}
}

按F5进行测试,结果如下:

测试通过。

覆盖多浏览器在Selenium也是很容易实现的,只需要把IE打开方法改用为指定浏览器所对应的打开方法:

IWebDriver driver = new InternetExplorerDriver();

把这句换了,之后的步骤对应做些修改即可。

自动化测试从某些方面讲确实是一劳永逸的,但是有很多时候自动化测试是完全没有必要的,尤其是项目周期很短的情况下,自动化的封装应该更偏向于具有普遍性的可复用过程,而不是业务逻辑。

有时候,产出决定付出。我们没必要为了一个两三月交付的项目写一堆自动化测试用例,否则得不偿失。自动化测试应该更偏向于长期上线、持续迭代的项目展开!否则最后失落感是一定有的。

请大家关注我的博客园,给我的文章点个赞!关注一个测试开发工程师的成长之路。

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