TNetHttpClient的用法

TNetHttpClient是DELPHI XE8新增加的控件。

在之前，我们一般都是使用IDHTTP控件，但在安卓、IOS等非WINDOWS平台，IDHTTP访问HTTPS却不行了。

大家知道INDY的SSL访问局限于WINDOWS平台，并不支持跨平台HTTPS访问。

鉴于以上原因，所以EMB才推出了TNetHttpClient。

TNetHttpClient既可以阻塞（如同INDY），又可以异步（这就很全面了）。

TNetHttpClient不再和INDY一样依赖OPENSSL。

unit Unit1;

interface

uses

  Winapi.Windows, Winapi.Messages, System.SysUtils, System.Variants,

  System.Classes, Vcl.Graphics,

  Vcl.Controls, Vcl.Forms, Vcl.Dialogs, System.Net.URLClient,

  System.Net.HttpClient, System.Net.HttpClientComponent, Vcl.StdCtrls;

type

  TForm1 = class(TForm)

    NetHTTPClient1: TNetHTTPClient;

    Button1: TButton;

    Memo1: TMemo;

    Button2: TButton;

    NetHTTPClient2: TNetHTTPClient;

    Button3: TButton;

    procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

    procedure NetHTTPClient1RequestCompleted(const Sender: TObject;

      const AResponse: IHTTPResponse);

    procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);

    procedure NetHTTPClient2RequestCompleted(const Sender: TObject;

      const AResponse: IHTTPResponse);

    procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject);

  private

    { Private declarations }

  public

    { Public declarations }

  end;

var

  Form1: TForm1;

implementation

uses System.NetEncoding;

{$R *.dfm}

function UrlDecode(const AStr: AnsiString): AnsiString;

var

  Sp, Rp, Cp: PAnsiChar;

  s: AnsiString;

begin

  SetLength(Result, Length(AStr));

  Sp := PAnsiChar(AStr);

  Rp := PAnsiChar(Result);

  Cp := Sp;

  while Sp^ <> #0 do

  begin

    case Sp^ of

      '+':

        Rp^ := ' ';

      '%':

        begin

          Inc(Sp);

          if Sp^ = '%' then

            Rp^ := '%'

          else

          begin

            Cp := Sp;

            Inc(Sp);

            if (Cp^ <> #0) and (Sp^ <> #0) then

            begin

              s := AnsiChar('$') + Cp^ + Sp^;

              Rp^ := AnsiChar(StrToInt(string(s)));

            end;

          end;

          Cp := Cp;

        end;

    else

      Rp^ := Sp^;

    end;

    Inc(Rp);

    Inc(Sp);

  end;

  SetLength(Result, Rp - PAnsiChar(Result));

end;

procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);

var

  vHttp: TNetHTTPClient;

  vUTF8, vGBK: TStringStream;

begin

  vHttp := TNetHTTPClient.Create(nil);

  vUTF8 := TStringStream.Create('', TEncoding.GetEncoding(65001));

  vGBK := TStringStream.Create('', TEncoding.GetEncoding(936));

  try

    Memo1.Lines.Add('----------------阻塞----------------');

    with vHttp do

    begin

      vUTF8.Clear;

      ConnectionTimeout := 2000; // 2秒

      ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      AcceptCharSet := 'utf-8';

      AcceptEncoding := '65001';

      AcceptLanguage := 'zh-CN';

      ContentType := 'text/html';

      UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

      try

        Get('http://offeu.com/utf8.txt', vUTF8);

        Memo1.Lines.Add('utf8:' + TNetEncoding.URL.UrlDecode(vUTF8.DataString));

      except

        on E: Exception do

          // Error sending data: (12002) 操作超时.

          // Error receiving data: (12002) 操作超时

          if Copy(E.Message, 1, Pos(':', E.Message) - 1) = 'Error sending data'

          then

            Memo1.Lines.Add('utf8:连接失败！')

          else if Copy(E.Message, 1, Pos(':', E.Message) - 1) = 'Error receiving data'

          then

            Memo1.Lines.Add('utf8:接收失败，请延长接收超时时间！')

          else

            Memo1.Lines.Add('utf8:' + E.Message);

      end;

      vGBK.Clear;

      AcceptCharSet := 'gbk';

      AcceptEncoding := '936';

      AcceptLanguage := 'zh-CN';

      ContentType := 'text/html';

      UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

      Get('http://offeu.com/gbk.txt', vGBK);

      Memo1.Lines.Add('gbk:' + string(UrlDecode(AnsiString(vGBK.DataString))));

    end;

    Memo1.Lines.Add('----------------异步----------------');

    with NetHTTPClient1 do

    begin

      Asynchronous := true;

      ConnectionTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      AcceptCharSet := 'utf-8';

      AcceptEncoding := '65001';

      AcceptLanguage := 'zh-CN';

      ContentType := 'text/html';

      UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

      Get('http://offeu.com/utf8.txt');

    end;

  finally

    vUTF8.Free;

    vGBK.Free;

    vHttp.Free;

  end;

end;

procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);

var

  vHttp: TNetHTTPClient;

  vS: TStringStream;

begin

  // 这里用的 APPCODE 是阿里云市场中的api，需要申请。

  vHttp := TNetHTTPClient.Create(nil);

  vS := TStringStream.Create('', TEncoding.GetEncoding(65001));

  try

    with vHttp do

    begin

      Memo1.Lines.Add('--------------SSL阻塞--------------');

      vS.Clear;

      ConnectionTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      CustomHeaders['Authorization'] :=

        'APPCODE 你申请的appcode';

      Accept := 'application/json;';

      ContentType := 'application/json; charset=utf-8;';

      UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

      Get('https://dm-81.data.aliyun.com/rest/160601/ip/getIpInfo.json?'

        + 'ip=60.191.244.5', vS);

      Memo1.Lines.Add('ssl:'

        + string(TNetEncoding.URL.UrlDecode(vS.DataString)));

    end;

  finally

    vS.Free;

    vHttp.Free;

  end;

  Memo1.Lines.Add('--------------SSL异步--------------');

  with NetHTTPClient2 do

  begin

    Asynchronous := true;

    ConnectionTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

    ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

    CustomHeaders['Authorization'] :=

      'APPCODE 你申请的appcode';

    Accept := 'application/json;';

    ContentType := 'application/json; charset=utf-8;';

    UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

    Get('https://dm-81.data.aliyun.com/rest/160601/ip/getIpInfo.json?'

      + 'ip=60.191.244.5');

  end;

end;

procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);

var

  vHttp: TNetHTTPClient;

  vS: TStringStream;

  vList: TStrings;

begin

  vHttp := TNetHTTPClient.Create(nil);

  vList := TStringList.Create;

  vS := TStringStream.Create;

  try

    Memo1.Lines.Add('----------------Post阻塞----------------');

    vS.Clear;

    with vHttp do

    begin

      ConnectionTimeout := 2000; // 2秒

      ResponseTimeout := 10000; // 10秒

      AcceptCharSet := 'utf-8';

      AcceptEncoding := '65001';

      AcceptLanguage := 'zh-CN';

      ContentType := 'text/html';

      UserAgent := 'Embarcadero URI Client/1.0';

      vList.Clear;

      vList.Values['id'] := 'test';

      vList.Values['pwd'] := 'test';

      vList.Values['cmd'] := '1';

      try

        Post('http://60.191.220.219:8090', vList, vS); // utf8进gbk出

        // Memo1.Lines.Add('post:' + TNetEncoding.URL.UrlDecode(vS.DataString));

        Memo1.Lines.Add('post:' + vS.DataString);

      except

        on E: Exception do

          // Error sending data: (12002) 操作超时.

          // Error receiving data: (12002) 操作超时

          if Copy(E.Message, 1, Pos(':', E.Message) - 1) = 'Error sending data'

          then

            Memo1.Lines.Add('post:连接失败！')

          else if Copy(E.Message, 1, Pos(':', E.Message) - 1) = 'Error receiving data'

          then

            Memo1.Lines.Add('post:接收失败，请延长接收超时时间！')

          else

            Memo1.Lines.Add('post:' + E.Message);

      end;

    end;

  finally

    vS.Free;

    vList.Free;

    vHttp.Free;

  end;

end;

procedure TForm1.NetHTTPClient1RequestCompleted(const Sender: TObject;

  const AResponse: IHTTPResponse);

begin

  Memo1.Lines.Add('utf8:' + TNetEncoding.URL.UrlDecode(

    AResponse.ContentAsString(TEncoding.GetEncoding(65001))));

end;

procedure TForm1.NetHTTPClient2RequestCompleted(const Sender: TObject;

  const AResponse: IHTTPResponse);

begin

  Memo1.Lines.Add('ssl:' + TNetEncoding.URL.UrlDecode(

    AResponse.ContentAsString(TEncoding.GetEncoding(65001))));

end;

end.

　　

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