不是全部的OutofMemory exception都是内存问题。。。

前几天有个客户的site报了下面错误：

[ERROR][thread ] Could not start thread Timer-72025. Resource temporarily unavailable

Exception in thread "Timer-72024" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Resource temporarily unavailable in tsStartJavaThread

(lifecycle.c:1097).

Attempting to allocate 2G bytes

There is insufficient native memory for the Java

Runtime Environment to continue.

Possible reasons:

  The system is out of physical RAM or swap space

  In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit

Possible solutions:

  Reduce memory load on the system

  Increase physical memory or swap space

  Check if swap backing store is full

  Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS

  Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)

  Decrease number of Java threads

  Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)

  Disable compressed references (-XXcompressedRefs=false)

                at java.lang.Thread.start0(Native Method)

                at java.lang.Thread.start(Thread.java:640)

                at java.util.Timer.<init>(Timer.java:137)

                at java.util.Timer.<init>(Timer.java:106)

                at ......

                at java.util.TimerThread.mainLoop(Timer.java:512)

                at java.util.TimerThread.run(Timer.java:462)

第一反应以为是内存不足，于是dump了heap回来看。发现系统仅仅占用了80M的内存，远远系统内存绰绰有余，那么为啥会出现这样的情况呢？查看了出错的代码。发现代码启动了非常多的线程，遂想起曾经遇到过类似的问题，weblogic里面启动的线程太多。超出了linux的最大限制，也是会出这个看起来内存泄漏的日志。查看系统的限制：

sc-1@vECE-222 limits.d # ulimit -a

core file size          (blocks, -c) 0

data seg size           (kbytes, -d) unlimited

scheduling priority             (-e) 0

file size               (blocks, -f) unlimited

pending signals                 (-i) 38610

max locked memory       (kbytes, -l) 64

max memory size         (kbytes, -m) unlimited

open files                      (-n) 8192

pipe size            (512 bytes, -p) 8

POSIX message queues     (bytes, -q) 819200

real-time priority              (-r) 0

stack size              (kbytes, -s) 10240

cpu time               (seconds, -t) unlimited

max user processes              (-u) 1024

virtual memory          (kbytes, -v) unlimited

file locks                      (-x) unlimited

发现最大的进程数是1024，注意：linux里面计算线程和进程是用一样计算的，这里说的max user processes是包含线程的。

使用下面代码重现问题：

public class ThreadExample {

    public static void main(String[] args){

        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName());

        for(int i=0; i< 2048; i++){

            new Thread("" + i){

                public void run(){

                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " running");

                    try {

                        Thread.sleep(60000);

                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {

                        e.printStackTrace();

                    }

                    System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() + " ending");

                }

            }.start();

        }

    }

}

运行和输出：

sc-1@ECE30CP3_Z1 etmdaha # su -p occas -c "/opt/jrockit-jdk/bin/java ThreadExample"

Main Thread

0 running

5 running

//

836 running

[ERROR][thread ] Could not start thread 837. Resource temporarily unavailable

Exception in thread "Main Thread" java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Resource temporarily unavailable in tsStartJavaThread (lifecycle.c:1096).

Attempting to allocate 3G bytes

There is insufficient native memory for the Java

Runtime Environment to continue.

Possible reasons:

  The system is out of physical RAM or swap space

  In 32 bit mode, the process size limit was hit

Possible solutions:

  <strong>Reduce memory load on the system

  Increase physical memory or swap space

  Check if swap backing store is full

  Use 64 bit Java on a 64 bit OS

  Decrease Java heap size (-Xmx/-Xms)

  Decrease number of Java threads

  Decrease Java thread stack sizes (-Xss)

  Disable compressed references (-XXcompressedRefs=false)

</strong>

        at java.lang.Thread.start0(Native Method)

        at java.lang.Thread.start(Thread.java:640)

        at ThreadExample.main(ThreadExample.java:6)

linux系统资源有各种限制：内存限制。栈限制，文件数目限制，线程限制。要小心陷进这些问题。

# ulimit -a

core file size          (blocks, -c) 0

data seg size           (kbytes, -d) unlimited

scheduling priority             (-e) 0

file size               (blocks, -f) unlimited

pending signals                 (-i) 79010

max locked memory       (kbytes, -l) 64

max memory size         (kbytes, -m) unlimited

open files                      (-n) 1024

pipe size            (512 bytes, -p) 8

POSIX message queues     (bytes, -q) 819200

real-time priority              (-r) 0

stack size              (kbytes, -s) 10240

cpu time               (seconds, -t) unlimited

max user processes              (-u) 1024

virtual memory          (kbytes, -v) unlimited

file locks                      (-x) unlimited

这里有两篇非常好的文章：

http://people.redhat.com/alikins/system_tuning.html#threads

http://kavassalis.com/2011/03/linux-and-the-maximum-number-of-processes-threads/