Selenium二次封装-Python版本
2024-08-28 09:34:25
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains
from selenium.webdriver.support.select import Select '''
对selenium进行二次封装
'''
class PySelenium(object): '''
初始化,实例化浏览器驱动对象
'''
def __init__(self, browser='ff'):
if browser == 'ff' or browser == 'firefox': # 火狐
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
elif browser == 'chrome': # 谷歌
option = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
option.add_argument("--start-maximized")
driver = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=option)
elif browser == 'ie' | browser == 'internet explorer': # IE
driver = webdriver.Ie()
elif browser == "opera":
driver = webdriver.Opera()
elif browser == "phantomjs":
driver = webdriver.PhantomJS()
elif browser == 'edge':
driver = webdriver.Edge() try:
self.driver = driver
except Exception:
# 手动抛出异常
raise NameError(
"Not found %s browser,You can enter 'ie', 'ff', 'opera', 'phantomjs', 'edge' or 'chrome'." % browser) '''
设置元素等待
'''
def elementWait(self, css, secs=5):
# 判断表达式是否包含指定字符
if "=>" not in css:
raise NameError("Positioning syntax errors, lack of '=>'.") # 提取元素定位方式和定位表达式
by = css.split("=>")[0]
value = css.split("=>")[1] if by == "id":
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(By.ID,value))
elif by == 'name':
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located(By.NAME,value))
elif by == "class":
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CLASS_NAME, value)))
elif by == "link_text":
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.LINK_TEXT, value)))
elif by == "xpath":
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, value)))
elif by == "css":
WebDriverWait(self.driver, secs, 1).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, value)))
else:
raise NameError(
"Please enter the correct targeting elements,'id','name','class','link_text','xpath','css'.") '''
获取指定元素对象
表达式： by=>value （by为定位方式,value为定位方式的表达式,例如:按照id定位某个元素,id=>"#"）
'''
def getElement(self, css):
if "=>" not in css:
raise NameError("Positioning syntax errors, lack of '=>'.") by = css.split("=>")[0]
value = css.split("=>")[1] if by == 'id':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_id(value)
elif by == 'name':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_name(value)
elif by == 'class':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_class_name(value)
elif by == 'link_text':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_link_text(value)
elif by == 'xpath':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_xpath(value)
elif by == 'css':
element = self.driver.find_element_by_css_selector(value)
else:
raise NameError("Please enter the correct targeting elements,'id','name','class','link_text','xpath','css'.")
return element '''
请求/打开指定链接
'''
def openUrl(self, url):
self.driver.get(url) '''
窗口最大化
'''
def maxWindows(self):
self.driver.maximize_window() '''
设置窗口指定宽高
'''
def setWindowsSize(self, wide, high):
self.driver.set_window_size(width=wide,height=high) '''
添加文本到input
'''
def addText(self, css, massage):
self.elementWait(css)
input = self.getElement(css)
input.send_keys(massage) '''
清空input中的文本
'''
def clear(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
self.getElement(css).clear() '''
鼠标左键单击
'''
def click(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
self.getElement(css).click() '''
鼠标右键单击
'''
def rightClick(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
ActionChains(self.driver).context_click(self.getElement(css)).perform() '''
移动鼠标到指定元素(默认在元素的中间位置)
'''
def moveToTargetElement(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element(self.getElement(css)).perform() '''
移动鼠标到指定元素,并且指定位于元素的x,y偏移量(偏移量相对于元素的左上角)
'''
def moveToTargetElementWithOffset(self, css, xoffset, yoffset):
self.elementWait(css)
ActionChains(self.driver).move_to_element_with_offset(self.getElement(css), xoffset, yoffset).perform() '''
鼠标左键双击
'''
def doubleClick(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
ActionChains(self.driver).double_click(self.getElement(css)).perform() '''
拖拽元素到指定元素处
'''
def dragAndDropToElement(self, sourceCss, targetCss):
self.elementWait(sourceCss)
self.elementWait(targetCss)
ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop(self.getElement(sourceCss),self.getElement(targetCss)).perform() '''
拖拽元素指定偏移(该偏移是相对于当前鼠标的坐标偏移量)
'''
def dragAndDropToOffset(self, sourceCss, xoffset, yoffset):
self.elementWait(sourceCss)
ActionChains(self.driver).drag_and_drop_by_offset(self.getElement(sourceCss), xoffset, yoffset).perform() '''
鼠标左键点击链接文本
'''
def clickLinkText(self, text):
self.driver.find_element_by_partial_link_text(text).click() '''
关闭当前窗口
'''
def close(self):
self.driver.close() '''
关闭浏览器驱动
'''
def quit(self):
self.driver.quit() '''
提交指定表单
'''
def submit(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
self.getElement(css).submit() '''
刷新当前页面,相当于点击F5
'''
def F5(self):
self.driver.refresh() '''
执行指定的js代码
'''
def js(self, javaScript):
self.driver.execute_script(javaScript) '''
获取指定元素的某个属性值
'''
def getAttribute(self, css, attr):
self.elementWait(css)
self.getElement(css).get_attribute(attr) '''
获取指定元素的文本内容,即value属性值
'''
def getText(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
self.getElement(css).text '''
判断元素是否可见
'''
def isDisplay(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
return self.getElement(css).is_displayed() '''
判断元素是否启用
'''
def isEnabled(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
return self.getElement(css).is_enabled() '''
判断元素是否选中,一般用于验证checkbox和radio
'''
def isSelected(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
return self.getElement(css).is_selected() '''
获取当前页面的title
'''
def getTitle(self):
return self.driver.title '''
获取当前页面的url
'''
def getCurrentUrl(self):
return self.driver.current_url '''
截图,保存到指定路径下文件中
'''
def getScreenshot(self, fullFileName):
self.driver.get_screenshot_as_file(fullFileName) '''
全局等待,Implicitly wait.All elements on the page.
'''
def wait(self, secs):
self.driver.implicitly_wait(secs) '''
弹框警告-确认
'''
def alertAccept(self):
# self.driver.switch_to_alert().accept() 废弃的方式
self.driver.switch_to.alert.accept() '''
弹框警告-取消
'''
def alertDismiss(self):
# self.driver.switch_to_alert().dismiss() 废弃的方式
self.driver.switch_to.alert.dismiss() '''
切换到指定的iframe
'''
def switchFrame(self, css):
self.elementWait(css)
self.driver.switch_to.frame(self.getElement(css)) '''
切换到上一级(iframe)
'''
def switchFrameOut(self):
self.driver.switch_to.default_content() '''
打开新页面,并切换当前句柄为新页面的句柄
(每个页面对应一个句柄handle,可以通过self.driver.window_handles查看所有句柄)
--当前方法可能存在问题
'''
def openNewWindow(self):
original_windows = self.driver.current_window_handle
all_handles = self.driver.window_handles
for handle in all_handles:
if handle != original_windows:
self.driver.switch_to.window(handle) '''
等待元素,默认5秒,每1秒检查一次
--如果超时则对当前页面截图,以指定的文件名称保存到图片存储目录,并返回false
'''
def waitEleAndSaveExceptionForTimeout(self, css, pictureName):
try:
self.elementWait(css)
return True
except Exception as e:
from conf.path import PICTUREPATH # 导入定义的图片存储目录路径
pictureFullName = PICTUREPATH + pictureName + '.jpg'
self.getScreenshot(pictureFullName)
return False '''
等待元素,10秒,每1秒检查一次
--如果超时,返回false
'''
def waitEleAndExceptionForTimeout(self, css):
try:
self.element_wait(css, secs=10)
return True
except Exception as e:
return False '''
根据指定的值选中相应的下拉列表中的选项
--如果没有指定的值则抛出异常
'''
def selectByValue(self, css, value):
self.element_wait(css)
Select(self.get_element(css)).select_by_value(value) if __name__ == '__main__':
pySelenium = PySelenium('chrome')
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