querying rpm database

Call dbMatch on a transaction set to create a match iterator. As with the C API, a match iterator allows your code to iterate over the packages that match a given criteria.

A call to dbMatch with no parameters means to set up a match iterator to go over the entire set of installed packages. The basic format follows:

import rpm

ts = rpm.TransactionSet()

mi = ts.dbMatch()

for h in mi:

# Do something with header object...

In this example, the call to dbMatch returns a match iterator. The for loop iterates over the match iterator, returning one header each time.

In addition to this syntax, you can call next on the match iterator to get the next entry, a header object that represents one package. For example:

import rpm

ts = rpm.TransactionSet()

mi = ts.dbMatch()

while mi:

h = mi.next()

# Do something with the header object

The explicit call to next on the match iterator will likely no longer be supported in a future version of the RPM Python API, since the PEP-234 (Python Enhancement Proposal) calls for one means or the other for iterating, but not both.

For example, Listing 17-1 shows a Python script to print out the name, version, and release information for all installed packages.

Listing 17-1: rpmqa.py

#!/usr/bin/python

# Acts like rpm -qa and lists the names of all the installed packages.

# Usage:

# python rpmqa.py

import rpm

ts = rpm.TransactionSet()

mi = ts.dbMatch()

for h in mi:

print "%s-%s-%s" % (h['name'], h['version'], h['release'])

When you call this script, you should see output like the following, truncated for space:

$ python rpmqa.py

libbonoboui-2.0.1-2

attr-2.0.8-3

dhclient-3.0pl1-9

file-3.37-8

hdparm-5.2-1

ksymoops-2.4.5-1

imlib-1.9.13-9

logwatch-2.6-8

mtr-0.49-7

openssh-clients-3.4p1-2

pax-3.0-4

python-optik-1.3-2

dump-0.4b28-4

sendmail-8.12.5-7

sudo-1.6.6-1

mkbootdisk-1.4.8-1

telnet-0.17-23

usbutils-0.9-7

wvdial-1.53-7

docbook-dtds-1.0-14

urw-fonts-2.0-26

db4-utils-4.0.14-14

libogg-devel-1.0-1

Note

If you set the execute permission on this script, you can skip the explicit call to the python command. For example:

$ ./rpmqa.pyr

巴特西

querying rpm database

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