Type class-Typeclass-泛型基础上的二次抽象---随意多态
对泛型的类型添加约束,从而使泛型类型的变量具有某种通用操作。
再使用这些操作,参与到其它操作中。
In computer science, a type class is a type system construct that supports ad hoc polymorphism. This is achieved by adding constraints to type variables in parametrically polymorphic types. Such a constraint typically involves a type class T
and a type variable a
, and means that a
can only be instantiated to a type whose members support the overloaded operations associated with T
.
The programmer defines a type class by specifying a set of function or constant names, together with their respective types, that must exist for every type that belongs to the class. In Haskell, types can be parameterized; a type class Eq
intended to contain types that admit equality would be declared in the following way:
-
class Eq a where
(==) :: a -> a -> Bool
(/=) :: a -> a -> Bool
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