EFCore CodeFirst 适配数据库

EF6中可以直接根据代码模型生成数据库Database.SetInitializer即可

在EFCore中如何实现呢？

这项功能放在了DatabaseFacade对象中，传入数据库上下文对象实例化到一个DatabaseFacade对象

可以看到DatabaseFacade有几个方法：

获取所有迁移的migraion数据：GetMigrations

获取待迁移的migration数据：GetPendingMigrations

获取已经操作的migration数据：GetAppliedMigrations

适配migration： Migrate

这中间有一个坑：efcore 貌似还不能根据模型生成数据库，而是要先添加migrations的文件，然后才能适配数据库

这里我添加了一个XXXX字段，按照正常的流程：我们需要执行命令：

dotnet ef migrations add addxxxxxx

dotnet ef database update

EFCore中的自动适配数据库的前提是添加好新增变量的migrations文件，实际上只是efcore只帮助了我们实现了dotnet ef database update的操作

首先先操作下：dotnet ef migrations add addxxxxxx

这里我写了一个简单的中间件来说明下：

通过注册服务，添加usermap引用

 /// <summary>

        /// liyouming add 20180508

        /// </summary>

        /// <typeparam name="T">（context）上下文对象</typeparam>

        /// <param name="service">扩展服务</param>

        /// <param name="optionsAction">配置</param>

        /// <returns></returns>

        public static IServiceCollection AddEFMigrations<T>(this IServiceCollection service, Action<DbContextOptionsBuilder> optionsAction) where T : DbContext

        {

            service.AddDbContext<T>(optionsAction);

            var serviceProvider = service.BuildServiceProvider();

            service.AddSingleton<IEFMigrationsContext>(new EFMigrationsContext(serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(typeof(T)) as DbContext));

            return service;

        }

这里我们需要指导上下文对象T，并将该对象放到自定义的服务 IEFMigrationsContext 去处理下

然后扩展下IApplicationBuilder

public static IApplicationBuilder UseEFMigraions(

           this IApplicationBuilder builder,string pathstring)

        {

            builder.Map(new Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http.PathString(pathstring), app => {

                app.UseMiddleware<EFMigrationsMiddleware>(pathstring);

            });

            return builder;

        }

比较简单，需要map下地址，当我们访问的时候进入到固定页面操作

 public class EFMigrationsMiddleware

    {

        private readonly RequestDelegate _next;

        private readonly string _pathstring;

        private IEFMigrationsContext _migrationsContext;

        public EFMigrationsMiddleware(RequestDelegate next, string pathstring, IEFMigrationsContext migrationsContext)

        {

            if (next == null)

            {

                throw new Exception(nameof(next));

            }

            _next = next;

            _pathstring = pathstring;

            _migrationsContext = migrationsContext;

        }

        public async Task Invoke(HttpContext context)

        {

            if (context.Request.PathBase == _pathstring)

            {

                var list = _migrationsContext.GetPendingMigrations();

                _migrationsContext.AutoMigration();

                string strli = string.Empty;

                foreach (var item in list)

                {

                    strli += "<li>" + item + "</li>";

                }

                await context.Response.WriteAsync("<html><body><ul>" + strli + "</ul></body></html>");

            }

            else

            {

                await _next(context);

            }

            return;

        }

    }

下面直接实现接口方法就ok了,存在待更新的migrations就执行更新

public void AutoMigration()

        {

            if (databaseFacade.GetPendingMigrations().Any())

            {

                //执行迁移

                databaseFacade.Migrate();

            }

        }

下面来说下使用方式：跟原有的dbcontext使用方式一样，配置好你的上下文对象配置

注册服务：

 services.AddEFMigrations<UserDbContext>(optionsBuilder =>

            {

                var _userappsetting = Configuration.Get<UserAppSetting>();

                if (_userappsetting == null)

                {

                    throw new Exception("数据库连接字符串未配置");

                }

                switch (_userappsetting.DbType)

                {

                    case :

                        optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(_userappsetting.UserConnectionString, sqlserver =>

                        {

                            sqlserver.MigrationsAssembly(_migrationAssablyName);

                            sqlserver.UseRelationalNulls();

                            sqlserver.UseRowNumberForPaging();

                        });

                        break;

                    case :

                        optionsBuilder.UseMySQL(_userappsetting.UserConnectionString, mysql =>

                        {

                            mysql.MigrationsAssembly(_migrationAssablyName);

                            mysql.UseRelationalNulls();

                        });

                        break;

                    default:

                        optionsBuilder.UseSqlServer(_userappsetting.UserConnectionString, sqlserver =>

                        {

                            sqlserver.MigrationsAssembly(_migrationAssablyName);

                            sqlserver.UseRelationalNulls();

                            sqlserver.UseRowNumberForPaging();

                        });

                        break;

                }

            });

AddEFMigrations

添加Configure

 app.UseEFMigraions("/Migrations");

下面访问下：/Migrations ，这里上面的代码中我先获取了待更新的migraions 方便验证，这里可以看到待验证的migraions是我新添加 addxxxxxxx

下面我们来检查数据生成情况：已经生成了 XXXXX字段

如果能不操作dotnet ef migrations add addxxxxxx就好了，感觉还是有点鸡肋~~~

巴特西

EFCore CodeFirst 适配数据库

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