在 centos6 安装 MySQL5.7 官方文档
Adding the MySQL Yum Repository
First, add the MySQL Yum repository to your system's
repository list. Follow these steps:Go to the download page for MySQL Yum repository at
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/.Select and download the release package for your
platform.Install the downloaded release package with the
following command, replacing
platform-and-version-specific-package-name
with the name of the downloaded package:Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo rpm -Uvh platform-and-version-specific-package-name.rpm
For example, for version
n
of
the package for EL6-based systems, the command is:Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo rpm -Uvh mysql80-community-release-el6-n.noarch.rpm
NoteOnce the release package is installed on your system, any
system-wide update by the yum update
command (or dnf upgrade for dnf-enabled
systems) will automatically upgrade MySQL packages on your
system and also replace any native third-party packages, if
Yum finds replacements for them in the MySQL Yum repository.
See Upgrading MySQL with the MySQL Yum Repository and
Replacing a Native Third-Party Distribution of MySQL for details.Selecting a Release Series
When using the MySQL Yum repository, the latest GA release of
MySQL is selected for installation by default. If this is what
you want, you can skip to the next step,
Installing MySQL with Yum.Within the MySQL Yum repository
(https://repo.mysql.com/yum/),
different release series of the MySQL Community Server are
hosted in different subrepositories. The subrepository for the
latest GA series (currently MySQL 8.0)is enabled by default, and the subrepositories for all other
series (for example, the MySQL 5.7 series) are
disabled by default. Use this command to see all the
subrepositories in the MySQL Yum repository, and see which of
them are enabled or disabled (for dnf-enabled systems, replace
<span class="command"><strong>yum</strong></span> in the command with
<span class="command"><strong>dnf</strong></span>):
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> yum repolist all | grep mysql
To install the latest release from the latest GA series, no
configuration is needed. To install the latest release from a
specific series other than the latest GA series, disable the
subrepository for the latest GA series and enable the
subrepository for the specific series before running the
installation command. If your platform supports the
yum-config-manager or dnf
config-manager command, you can do that by issuing,
for example, the following commands, which disable the
subrepository for the 8.0 series and enable the
one for the 5.7 series; for platforms that are
not dnf-enabled:Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
shell> sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-communityFor dnf-enabled platforms:
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo dnf config-manager --disable mysql80-community
shell> sudo dnf config-manager --enable mysql57-communityBesides using yum-config-manager or the
dnf config-manager command, you can also
select a series by editing manually the
/etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
file. This is a typical entry for a release series'
subrepository in the file:Press CTRL+C to copy[mysql80-community]
name=MySQL 8.0 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysqlFind the entry for the subrepository you want to configure,
and edit the <code class="option">enabled</code> option. Specify
<code class="option">enabled=0</code> to disable a subrepository, or
<code class="option">enabled=1</code> to enable a subrepository. For
example, to install MySQL 5.7, make sure you
have <code class="option">enabled=0</code> for the above subrepository
entry for MySQL 8.0, and have
<code class="option">enabled=1</code> for the entry for the
5.7 series:
</p><div class="copytoclipboard-wrapper" style="position: relative;"><pre class="programlisting line-numbers language-ini"><div class="docs-select-all right" id="sa47436371" style="display: none;"><div class="copy-help left" style="display: none;">Press CTRL+C to copy</div> <div class="right"><button class="clipboard-btn" title="Copy to Clipboard"><span class="icon-clipboard"></span></button></div></div><code class=" language-ini"><span class="token comment" spellcheck="true"># Enable to use MySQL 5.7</span>
[mysql57-community]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
You should only enable subrepository for one release series at
any time. When subrepositories for more than one release
series are enabled, the latest series will be used by Yum.
Verify that the correct subrepositories have been enabled and
disabled by running the following command and checking its
output (for dnf-enabled systems, replace
yum in the command with
dnf):
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> yum repolist enabled | grep mysql
Installing MySQL
Install MySQL by the following command (for dnf-enabled
systems, replace yum in the command with
dnf):
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo yum install mysql-community-server
This installs the package for the MySQL server, as well as
other required packages.
Starting the MySQL Server
Start the MySQL server with the following command:
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo service mysqld start
For EL7-based platforms, this is the preferred command:
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo systemctl start mysqld.service
You can check the status of the MySQL server with the
following command:
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo service mysqld status
For EL7-based platforms, this is the preferred command:
Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo systemctl status mysqld.service
MySQL Server Initialization (as of MySQL
5.7): At the initial start up of the server, the
following happens, given that the data directory of the server
is empty:
The server is initialized.
An SSL certificate and key files are generated in the data
directory.The validate_password
plugin is installed and enabled.A superuser account
'root'@'localhost'
is created. A password for the superuser is set and stored
in the error log file. To reveal it, use the following
command:Press CTRL+C to copyshell> sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
Change the root password as soon as possible by logging in
with the generated, temporary password and set a custom
password for the superuser account:Press CTRL+C to copyshell> mysql -uroot -p
Press CTRL+C to copymysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'MyNewPass4!';
MySQL's
validate_password
plugin is installed by default. This will require that
passwords contain at least one upper case letter, one lower
case letter, one digit, and one special character, and that
the total password length is at least 8 characters.
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