springmvc-初次接触
一,mvc做的事情
1,将url映射到java类或者java的方法。
2,封装用户提交的数据
3,处理请求--调用相关的业务处理--封装想相应的数据
4,将相应数据进行渲染,jsp或者html
二,spring mvc是一个轻量级的,基于请求响应的mvc框架。
三,为什么要学mvc
1,性能比struts2好,开发效率高,性能不高
2,简单,便捷,开发简单
3,天生和spring无缝集成,核心功能(ioc和aop)
4,使用约定优于配置
5,能够进行简单的junit测试
6,支持restful风格
7,异常处理
8,本地化
9,数据验证,类型转换等
10,有拦截器
springMVC 工作流程
页面请求----》控制器(Controller DispatcherServlet)----》请求委托-----》处理器(XXController 实际类) ---->业务处理
(HandlerMapping 、 HandlerAdaper 结合后将url映射到处理器)
处理器 ----> 返回ModelAndView ----> 控制器 -----> 传递ModelAndView到 -----> 视图渲染器
视图渲染器 ----> 返回 -----> 控制器 -----> 响应页面
使用步骤
导入jar
配置web.xml文件
在web-inf下添加springmvc配置文件 [DispatcherServletName]-servlet.xml文件 例如 springmvc-servlet.xml
头文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- <mvc:annotation-driven/> --> </beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
<display-name>spring-mvc_hello</display-name>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list> </web-app>
springmvc-servlet.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 配置handler-mappering -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"></bean>
<!-- 配置handler-Adapter -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"></bean>
<!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<!-- 渲染名称 试图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 渲染名称 试图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- 配置请求 和 处理器 -->
<bean name="/hello.do" class="cn.zys.controller.HelloController"></bean>
<!-- <mvc:annotation-driven/> --> </beans>
HelloController.java
package cn.zys.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.Controller; public class HelloController implements Controller{ @Override
public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1) throws Exception {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
ModelAndView mv =new ModelAndView();
mv.addObject("msg", "hello spring");
mv.setViewName("hello");
return mv;
} }
测试地址: http://127.0.0.1:8080/spring-mvc_hello/hello.do
注解springmvc开发----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
导入jar
commons-logging-1.1.1.jar
jstl.jar
spring-aop-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-beans-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-context-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-core-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-expression-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-web-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
spring-webmvc-5.1.9.RELEASE.jar
web.xml配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>spring-mvc_zhujie</display-name> <servlet>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping> <welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
HelloController.java
package cn.zys.controller; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView; @Controller public class HelloController {
@RequestMapping("/hello")
public ModelAndView hello(HttpServletRequest req,HttpServletResponse resp){
ModelAndView vm = new ModelAndView();
//封装要显示在试图上的数据
vm.addObject("msg","hello spring");
//封装视图数据名称
vm.setViewName("hello");
return vm;
}
}
mvc.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
https://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd"> <!-- 配置渲染器 -->
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.UrlBasedViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView"/>
<!-- 渲染名称 视图的前缀 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
<!-- 渲染名称 视图的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
<!-- spring扫描的包 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.zys.controller"></context:component-scan> <!-- <mvc:annotation-driven/> --> </beans>
测试地址 http://127.0.0.1:8080/spring-mvc_zhujie/hello.do
Controller 几种配置
1,为url分配bean
2,为url匹配bean
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