using System;

using System.Collections;

using System.Collections.Generic;

using System.Linq;

using System.Text;

using System.Threading.Tasks;

namespace ConsoleApp1

{

    class Go

    {

        static void Main(string[] args)

        {

            Cat cat1 = new Cat("a_cat");

            Cat cat2 = new Cat("b_cat");

            Cat cat3 = new Cat("c_cat");

            Console.WriteLine(Animal.Count);

            Console.WriteLine(cat1);

            //测试委托

            DoIt doIt = cat1.Speak;

            doIt += cat2.Speak; //注意，只要方法签名一致即可连续添加

            doIt += cat3.Speak;

            doIt += () =>

            {

                Console.WriteLine("来自Lambda");

            };//lambda

            doIt();

            //测试静态类方法扩展

            Dog dog = new Dog("a_dog");

            dog.Jump();//这个方法，类似于js的apply或者call

            //测试隐式转换

            Cat cat = dog;

            Console.WriteLine(cat);

            //测试显式转换

            dog = (Dog)cat;

            Console.WriteLine(dog);

            //模拟事件

            Client c1 = new Client();

            Client c2 = new Client();

            Animal.NewAnimal += c1.WantAnimal;

            Animal.NewAnimal += c2.WantAnimal;

            Animal dogq = new Dog("Q-dog");

            //测试集合

            ArrayList al = new ArrayList();

            al.Add(cat1);

            al.Add(cat2);

            al.Add(cat3);

            al.Add(cat2);

            Console.WriteLine("ArrayList's count is "+al.Count);

            al.Remove(cat2); //只会删除第一个

            Console.WriteLine("ArrayList's count is " + al.Count);

            List<Animal> list = new List<Animal>();

            list.Add(cat1);

            list.Add(cat2);

            list.Add(cat3);

            list.Add(cat2);

            Console.WriteLine("List's count is " + list.Count);

            Stack<Animal> stack = new Stack<Animal>();

            stack.Push(cat1);

            stack.Push(cat2);

            stack.Push(cat3);

            Console.WriteLine("stack.Peek() = " + stack.Peek() + "; stack.Count = " + stack.Count);

            Console.WriteLine("stack.Pop() = " + stack.Pop() + "; stack.Count = " + stack.Count);

            Queue<Animal> queue = new Queue<Animal>();

            queue.Enqueue(cat1);

            queue.Enqueue(cat2);

            queue.Enqueue(cat3);

            Console.WriteLine("queue.First() = " + queue.First() + "; queue.Count = " + queue.Count);

            Console.WriteLine("queue.Last() = " + queue.Last() + "; queue.Count = " + queue.Count);

            Console.WriteLine("queue.Dequeue() = " + queue.Dequeue() + "; queue.Count = " + queue.Count);

            Dictionary<int, Animal> dic = new Dictionary<int, Animal>();

            dic.Add(, cat1);

            dic.Add(, cat2);

            dic.Add(, cat3);

            Console.WriteLine("dic.Keys = " + dic.Keys + "; dic.Count = " + dic.Count);

            Console.WriteLine("自定义扩展dic.Print() = " + dic.PrintKeys() + "; dic.Count = " + dic.Count);

            Console.WriteLine("自定义扩展dic.PrintValues() = " + dic.PrintValues() + "; dic.Count = " + dic.Count);

            Console.WriteLine(dic);

            Console.ReadLine();

        }

    }

    public delegate void DoIt();//委托，托管一堆方法？！位置，放这里也行？

    interface ISpeak

    {

        void Speak();

    }

    interface IEat

    {

        void Eat();

    }

    class Animal

    {

        protected string _name;

        public static int Count;//用来计数，数一下有多少animal的实例

        public delegate void Handler();//事件订阅

        public static event Handler NewAnimal; //事件

        public Animal() {

            ++Count;

            //通知各位，有新动物来啦

            NewAnimal?.Invoke();

        }

        public Animal(string Name):this()

        {

            _name = Name;

        }

        static Animal()

        {

            Count=;

        }

        public void setName(string Name)

        {

            _name = Name;

        }

        public string getName()

        {

            return _name ;

        }

        override public string ToString() //重写父类的

        {

            return "Animal[_name="+_name+", Count="+Count+"]";

        }

    }

    //狗类，继承自动物，实现接口

    class Dog : Animal, ISpeak, IEat

    {

        public Dog(string Name) : base(Name) { }

        public void Eat()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("我是一只狗，名字：["+base._name+"]，我在吃狗粮！");

        }

        public void Speak()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("我是一只狗，名字：[" + base._name + "]，汪汪汪！");

        }

        //定义一个隐式转换

        public static implicit operator Cat(Dog dog)

        {

            return new Cat(dog._name);//new 会改变Animal.Count

        }

    }

    //猫类，继承自动物，实现接口

    class Cat : Animal, ISpeak, IEat

    {

        public Cat(string Name) : base(Name) { }

        public void Eat()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("我是一只猫，名字：[" + base._name + "]，我在吃小鱼干~");

        }

        public void Speak()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("我是一只猫，名字：[" + base._name + "]，喵~");

        }

        //定义一个显式转换

        public static explicit operator Dog(Cat cat)

        {

            return new Dog(cat._name);//new 会改变Animal.Count

        }

    }

    //静态类 扩展方法

    static class DogJump

    {

        public static void Jump(this Dog dog)

        {

            Console.WriteLine(dog + " is jumping...");

        }

        public static string PrintKeys(this Dictionary<int, Animal> dic)

        {

            var s="";

            foreach (var item in dic.Keys)

            {

                s += item;

                s += ", ";

            }

            return s;

        }

        public static string PrintValues(this Dictionary<int, Animal> dic)

        {

            var s = "";

            foreach (var item in dic.Values)

            {

                s += item;

                s += ", ";

            }

            return s;

        }

    }

    //定义一个客户类

    class Client

    {

        public void WantAnimal()

        {

            Console.WriteLine("Great! I wanna see it!");

        }

    }

}