【C#】反射的用法及效率对比
2024-08-31 09:20:38
反射实例化类
public class Person
{
public string Name { get; set; }
public Person(string name)
{
this.Name = name;
}
public string Say(string msg)
{
return $"{Name}: {msg}";
}
}
class Program
{
// 测试次数
const int count = 10000000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
CreateInstance0();
CreateInstance1();
CreateInstance2();
CreateInstance3();
CreateInstance4();
Console.Read();
}
static void CreateInstance0()
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Person person = new Person("张三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - new");
}
static void CreateInstance1()
{
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "张三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Activator.CreateInstance");
}
static void CreateInstance2()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Person obj = (Person)assembly.CreateInstance("ConsoleTest.Person", true, BindingFlags.Default, null, new object[] { "张三" }, null, null);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance");
}
static void CreateInstance3()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
Type type = assembly.GetType("ConsoleTest.Person");
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(type, "张三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance1");
}
static void CreateInstance4()
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly();
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
Type type = assembly.GetType("ConsoleTest.Person");
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
object person = Activator.CreateInstance(type, "张三");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - Assembly.CreateInstance2");
}
}
- 通过反射实例化对象，要比直接 new 要慢 50 倍左右
assembly.CreateInstance要比Activator.CreateInstance慢，主要的性能损耗在Assembly.GetType
反射调用类的方法
class Program
{
// 测试次数
const int count = 10000000;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
InvokeMethod0();
InvokeMethod1();
InvokeMethod2();
InvokeMethod3();
InvokeMethod4();
Console.Read();
}
static void InvokeMethod0()
{
Person person = new Person("张三");
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = person.Say("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 直接调用");
}
static void InvokeMethod1()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "张三");
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = person.Say("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 反射缓存类调用");
}
static void InvokeMethod2()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "张三");
MethodInfo method = typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say), new Type[] { typeof(string) });
Func<string, string> func = (Func<string, string>)method.CreateDelegate(typeof(Func<string, string>), person);
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string result = func("Hello World!");
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 使用反射创建出来的委托调用");
}
static void InvokeMethod3()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "张三");
MethodInfo method = typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say), new Type[] { typeof(string) });
object[] parameters = new object[] { "Hello World!" };
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string name = (string)method.Invoke(person, parameters);
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 使用反射得到的方法缓存调用");
}
static void InvokeMethod4()
{
Person person = (Person)Activator.CreateInstance(typeof(Person), "张三");
object[] parameters = new object[] { "Hello World!" };
Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch();
watch.Start();
for (var i = 0; i < count; i++)
{
string result = (string)(typeof(Person).GetMethod(nameof(Person.Say))?.Invoke(person, parameters));
}
watch.Stop();
Console.WriteLine($"{watch.Elapsed} - 直接使用反射调用");
}
}
- 反射得到实例后调用方法和直接调用方法效率一样
- 缓存反射方法调用和直接使用反射调用都非常耗效率
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