JavaWeb -- Struts2，对比，简单表单提交，校验，防重复提交，文件上传

Struts2核心流程图

1. Struts2 和 Struts1 对比

struts1:基于Servlet(ActionServlet),actionForm众多(类的爆炸),action单例(数据安全[线程安全]问题).

  将所有任务的解决都集于一身.(不容易扩展和定制)

  action位于控制层. extends Action{...}

  action更struts1的action和原生servlet api(HttpServletRequest,HttpServlerResponse)绑定在一起,

  因此不容易测试,需要部署到web容器中进行测试.

  回显数据:struts-html.tld <html:checkbox> html:text

  struts-bean.tld

  struts-logic.tld

  //

  class CustomerAction extends DispatchAction{

   public ActionForward save(ActionMapping ActionForm Request,Response){

}

public ActionForward update(ActionMapping ActionForm Request,Response){

}

}

<action-mappings>

   <action path="/customerAction"

     name="customerForm"

     scope="request|session"

     validate="true"

     input="/xxx.jsp"

     type="xxxx..CustomerAction"

     parameter="method" />

  http://xxx/sss/customerAction.do?method=save

struts2:基于filter,没有actionform,action(原型的,独占).

  seperate aware:分离关注.解耦.(interceptor,拦截器).

  action是模型层(接受参数+pojo).

  action不需要和struts的action和原生servlet API(HttpServletRequest,HttpServlerResponse)耦合在一起.

  所以更容易测试,不需要一定要部署到web环境中进行测试.

  struts2是更加整洁的mvc框架(原因是采用了seperate aware技术,实现任务的拆解).

体验struts2：

1.创建web项目

2.引入struts2类库

  ${struts解压目录}/app/struts2-blank-2.1.8.1.war/web-inf/lib/*.jar

3.创建action.

  package cn.itcast.struts2.action;

/**

   * HelloWorldAction

   */

  public class HelloWorldAction {

   public String execute(){

    System.out.println("hello world");

    return null ;

   }

  }

4.创建struts配置文件.src/struts.xml

  dtd:struts-core.jar/struts-2.1.7.dtd/30行

  <?xml version="1.0"?>

  <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

   "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"

   "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

  <struts>

   <package name="HelloWorldPkg" namespace="/helloworld">

    <action name="HelloWorldAction" class="cn.itcast.struts2.action.HelloWorldAction" />

   </package>

  </struts>

5.配置struts2的过滤器web-inf/web.xml文件中

  类:org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter

  <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

  <web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

   xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

   http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

   <filter>

    <filter-name>action</filter-name>

    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

   </filter>

   <filter-mapping>

    <filter-name>action</filter-name>

    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

   </filter-mapping>



   <welcome-file-list>

    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

   </welcome-file-list>

  </web-app>

struts2包搜索顺序:

http://localhost:8085/lsn_struts2/helloworld/aaa/bbb/HelloWorldAction.action

http://localhost:8085/lsn_struts2/helloworld/aaa/bbb/

http://localhost:8085/lsn_struts2/helloworld/aaa/

http://localhost:8085/lsn_struts2/helloworld

list lst = .. ;

request.setAttribute("list",list); Map<String,Object>

request.getRequestDispatcher("/xxxx.jsp").forward(request,response);

HttpServletResponse.sendRedirect("/xx");

ContentType:

response.setContentType("text/html");

mime:

(HttpServletRequest)request.getAttribute("list");

request.setAttribute("list",list);

map:Sessoin (ServletContext)Application.setAttri

使用Token拦截器避免表单重复提交:

1.在jsp页面上使用<s:token />

2.在拦截器栈中加入token拦截器.

Google:

Web:异步执行.

2. 实例：表单提交，校验，防重复提交，文件上传

web.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<web-app version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee

	http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <filter>

        <filter-name>action</filter-name>

        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

    </filter>

    <filter-mapping>

        <filter-name>action</filter-name>

        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

    </filter-mapping>

    <welcome-file-list>

        <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>

    </welcome-file-list>

</web-app>

struts.xml配置包含模块 reg.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

    <!-- 通过常量方式改变struts默认的属性配置, -->

    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="do" />

    <!-- 设置开发模式,重新加载国际化资源文件和配置文件 -->

    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />

    <!-- 动态方法调用 -->

    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />

    <package name="HelloWorldPkg" namespace="/helloworld" extends="struts-default">

        <!-- 默认该包下默认的action引用,若该包没有要访问的action元素,则使用默认的action引用 -->

        <default-action-ref name="HelloWorldAction" />

        <!-- 设置默认的class引用,将摸个类作为默认的action类 -->

        <default-class-ref class="cn.itcast.struts2.action.HelloWorldAction" />

        <!-- 通过通配符的方式实现动态方法调用 -->

        <action name="HelloWorldAction_*" class="cn.itcast.struts2.action.HelloWorldAction"

		method="{1}">

            <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>

            <result name="save">/index.jsp</result>

            <result name="update">/success.jsp</result>

        </action>

        <!-- 没有类的action -->

        <action name="ActionNoClass">

            <result>/index.jsp</result>

        </action>

    </package>

    <!-- 模块话编程,包含配置文件 -->

    <include file="cn/itcast/struts2/action/reg.xml" />

</struts>

reg.xml 配置

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

    <package name="RegPkg" namespace="/regns" extends="struts-default">

        <action name="RegAction_*" class="cn.itcast.struts2.action.RegAction" method="{1}">

            <result name="success">/reg/success.jsp</result>

            <result name="error">/reg/error.jsp</result>

            <result name="regView">/reg/reg.jsp</result>

            <result name="input">/reg/reg.jsp</result>

            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack">   <!--动态方法调用，方式之一-->

                <param name="validation.excludeMethods">input,back,cancel,toRegView</param>

            </interceptor-ref>

        </action>

    </package>

</struts>

token.xml 防止重复提交配置

<?xml version="1.0"?>

<!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC

    "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1.7//EN"

    "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.7.dtd">

<struts>

    <package name="TokenPkg" namespace="/token" extends="struts-default">

        <action name="TokenAction_*" class="cn.itcast.struts2.token.TokenAction" method="{1}">

            <result name="success">/token/success.jsp</result>

            <result name="regView">/token/reg.jsp</result>

			<!--无效令牌-->

            <result name="invalid.token">/token/reg.jsp</result>

            <result name="wait">/wait.jsp</result>

            <!-- 如果指定了一个拦截器,则覆盖默认的配置,必须手动指定默认栈 -->

            <interceptor-ref name="token">

                <param name="excludeMethods">toRegView,findAllCustomers</param>

            </interceptor-ref>

            <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />

            <!-- 执行等待拦截器 -->

            <interceptor-ref name="execAndWait" />

        </action>

    </package>

</struts>

reg.jsp 表单提交 JSP，使用struts-tags 标签，数据回显与校验

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>

<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

	<head>

		<title>reg.jsp</title>

	</head>

	<body>

		<s:debug />

		<s:actionerror />

		<s:form namespace="/regns" action="RegAction_reg" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">

			<s:token />  <!--防止重复提交-->

			<s:textfield name="name" label="UserName" />

			<s:textfield name="age" label="UserAge" />

			<s:file name="photo" label="UserPhoto" />

			<s:submit />

		</s:form>

	</body>

</html>

RegAction.java 处理action

public class RegAction extends ActionSupport {

	private static final long serialVersionUID = 2941355104469235318L;

	private String name;

	private Integer age;

	/* 接受上传的文件 */

	private File photo ;

	/* 接受文件名称 */

	private String photoFileName ;

	/* 接受文件内容类型的 */

	private String photoContentType ;

	public String getPhotoFileName() {

		return photoFileName;

	}

	public void setPhotoFileName(String photoFileName) {

		this.photoFileName = photoFileName;

	}

	public String getPhotoContentType() {

		return photoContentType;

	}

	public void setPhotoContentType(String photoContentType) {

		this.photoContentType = photoContentType;

	}

	public String getName() {

		return name;

	}

	public void setName(String name) {

		this.name = name;

	}

	public Integer getAge() {

		return age;

	}

	public void setAge(Integer age) {

		this.age = age;

	}

	/**

	 *

	 */

	public String reg(){

		System.out.println("reg : " + name);

		String dir = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath("/upload");

		String ext = photoFileName.substring(photoFileName.lastIndexOf("."));

		long l = System.nanoTime();

		File newFile = new File(dir,l + ext);

		photo.renameTo(newFile);

		return SUCCESS;

	}

	/**

	 * 达到注册页面, 动态方法调用之一， 使用SkipValidation标签掉过校验

	 */

	//@SkipValidation

	public String toRegView(){

		return "regView" ;

	}

	/**

	 * 动态方法调用之一，命名： validate + 要校验方法（Reg) == void validateReg() {}

	 */

	public void validate() {

		if(name == null || name.length() == 0){

		//国际化，getText会从配置文件获得message，配置文件名和类名一致，位置相同，RegAction.properties

			addFieldError("name",getText("error.name.empty"));

		}

	}

	public File getPhoto() {

		return photo;

	}

	public void setPhoto(File photo) {

		this.photo = photo;

	}

}

RegAction.properties 国际化配置文件

error.name.empty=name is required!

error.name.age=age is required!

success.jsp 成功跳转JSP

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>

<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

	<head>

		<title>index.jsp</title>

	</head>

	<body>

		you input's name is <s:property value="name" />.<br>

		you input's age is <s:property value="age" />.<br>

	</body>

</html>

wait.jsp 等待页面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"%>

<%@taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s"%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">

<html>

	<head>

		<title>wait.jsp</title>

		<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="2;url=<s:url/>"/>

	</head>

	<body>

		处理中,请稍后....

	</body>

</html>

巴特西

JavaWeb -- Struts2，对比，简单表单提交，校验，防重复提交，文件上传

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巴特西

JavaWeb -- Struts2，对比， 简单表单提交，校验，防重复提交， 文件上传

最新文章

热门文章

JavaWeb -- Struts2，对比，简单表单提交，校验，防重复提交，文件上传