PHP建圖通常都用GD庫,因為是內置的不需要在服務器上額外安裝插件,所以用起來比較省心,但是如果你的程序主要的功能就是處理圖像,那麼就不建議用GD了,因為GD不但低效能而且能力也比較弱,佔用的系統資源也頗多,另外GD的creatfrom???也有bug,而imagick卻是一個很好的替代品,為此最近把我的一個項目由GD改成了imagick,但是改完之後出現了一些狀況在此分享給大家.

首先說一下我這邊出現的狀況:

狀況一:需要重寫圖像操作class

狀況二:imagick多線程時會導致cpu使用率暴增到100%

在此順便提一下imagick在centos6.4的安裝方法:

	1、安装ImageMagick

	wget http://soft.vpser.net/web/imagemagick/ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz

	tar zxvf ImageMagick-6.7.1-2.tar.gz

	cd ImageMagick-6.7.1-2/

	./configure --prefix=/usr/local/imagemagick --disable-openmp

	make && make install

	ldconfig

	测试ImageMagick是否可以正常运行：

	/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version

	2、安装PHP扩展：imagick

	wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz

	tar zxvf imagick-3.0.1.tgz

	cd imagick-3.0.1/

	/usr/local/php/bin/phpize

	./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-imagick=/usr/local/imagemagick

	make && make install

	ldconfig

	vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

	添加：extension = "imagick.so"

	重启lnmp

	/root/lnmp reload

接下來我們針對上述兩個狀況分別提出解決辦法:

狀況一的解決辦法如下:

 /**

     Imagick圖像處理類

     用法:

         //引入Imagick物件

         if(!defined('CLASS_IMAGICK')){require(Inc.'class_imagick.php');}

         $Imagick=new class_imagick();

         $Imagick->open('a.gif');

         $Imagick->resize_to(100,100,'scale_fill');

         $Imagick->add_text('1024i.com',10,20);

         $Imagick->add_watermark('1024i.gif',10,50);

         $Imagick->save_to('x.gif');

         unset($Imagick);

 /**/

 define('CLASS_IMAGICK',TRUE);

 class class_imagick{

     private $image=null;

     private $type=null;

     // 構造

     public function __construct(){}

     // 析構

     public function __destruct(){

         if($this->image!==null){$this->image->destroy();}

     }

     // 載入圖像

     public function open($path){

         if(!file_exists($path)){

             $this->image=null;

             return ;

         }

         $this->image=new Imagick($path);

         if($this->image){

             $this->type=strtolower($this->image->getImageFormat());

         }

         $this->image->stripImage();

         return $this->image;

     }

     /**

         圖像裁切

     /**/

     public function crop($x=0,$y=0,$width=null,$height=null){

         if($width==null) $width=$this->image->getImageWidth()-$x;

         if($height==null) $height=$this->image->getImageHeight()-$y;

         if($width<=0 || $height<=0) return;

         if($this->type=='gif'){

             $image=$this->image;

             $canvas=new Imagick();

             $images=$image->coalesceImages();

             foreach($images as $frame){

                 $img=new Imagick();

                 $img->readImageBlob($frame);

                 $img->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);

                 $canvas->addImage($img);

                 $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

                 $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);

             }

             $image->destroy();

             $this->image=$canvas;

         }else{

             $this->image->cropImage($width,$height,$x,$y);

         }

     }

     /**

         更改圖像大小

         參數:

             $width:新的寬度

             $height:新的高度

             $fit: 適應大小

                 'force': 把圖像強制改為$width X $height

                 'scale': 按比例在$width X $height內縮放圖片,結果不完全等於$width X $height

                 'scale_fill':按比例在$width X $height內縮放圖片,沒有像素的地方填充顏色$fill_color=array(255,255,255)(红,绿,蓝,透明度[0不透明-127全透明])

                 其他:智能模式,縮放圖片並從正中裁切$width X $height的大小

         注意:

             $fit='force','scale','scale_fill'時輸出完整圖像

             $fit=圖像方位時輸出指定位置部份的圖像

         字母與圖像的對應關係如下:

             north_west   north   north_east

             west         center        east

             south_west   south   south_east

     /**/

     public function resize_to($width=100,$height=100,$fit='center',$fill_color=array(255,255,255,0)){

         switch($fit){

         case 'force':

             if($this->type=='gif'){

                 $image=$this->image;

                 $canvas=new Imagick();

                 $images=$image->coalesceImages();

                 foreach($images as $frame){

                     $img=new Imagick();

                     $img->readImageBlob($frame);

                     $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);

                     $canvas->addImage($img);

                     $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

                 }

                 $image->destroy();

                 $this->image=$canvas;

             }else{

                 $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,false);

             }

             break;

         case 'scale':

             if($this->type=='gif'){

                 $image=$this->image;

                 $images=$image->coalesceImages();

                 $canvas=new Imagick();

                 foreach($images as $frame){

                     $img=new Imagick();

                     $img->readImageBlob($frame);

                     $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

                     $canvas->addImage($img);

                     $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

                 }

                 $image->destroy();

                 $this->image=$canvas;

             }else{

                 $this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

             }

             break;

         case 'scale_fill':

             $size=$this->image->getImagePage();

             $src_width=$size['width'];

             $src_height=$size['height'];

             $x=0;

             $y=0;

             $dst_width=$width;

             $dst_height=$height;

             if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){

                 $dst_height=intval($width*$src_height/$src_width);

                 $y=intval(($height-$dst_height)/2);

             }else{

                 $dst_width=intval($height*$src_width/$src_height);

                 $x=intval(($width-$dst_width)/2);

             }

             $image=$this->image;

             $canvas=new Imagick();

             $color='rgba('.$fill_color[0].','.$fill_color[1].','.$fill_color[2].','.$fill_color[3].')';

             if($this->type=='gif'){

                 $images=$image->coalesceImages();

                 foreach($images as $frame){

                     $frame->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

                     $draw=new ImagickDraw();

                     $draw->composite($frame->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$frame);

                     $img=new Imagick();

                     $img->newImage($width,$height,$color,'gif');

                     $img->drawImage($draw);

                     $canvas->addImage($img);

                     $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

                     $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);

                 }

             }else{

                 $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

                 $draw=new ImagickDraw();

                 $draw->composite($image->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$dst_width,$dst_height,$image);

                 $canvas->newImage($width,$height,$color,$this->get_type());

                 $canvas->drawImage($draw);

                 $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);

             }

             $image->destroy();

             $this->image=$canvas;

             break;

         default:

             $size=$this->image->getImagePage();

             $src_width=$size['width'];

             $src_height=$size['height'];

             $crop_x=0;

             $crop_y=0;

             $crop_w=$src_width;

             $crop_h=$src_height;

             if($src_width*$height > $src_height*$width){

                 $crop_w=intval($src_height*$width/$height);

             }else{

                 $crop_h=intval($src_width*$height/$width);

             }

             switch($fit){

                 case 'north_west':

                     $crop_x=0;

                     $crop_y=0;

                     break;

                 case 'north':

                     $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);

                     $crop_y=0;

                     break;

                 case 'north_east':

                     $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;

                     $crop_y=0;

                     break;

                 case 'west':

                     $crop_x=0;

                     $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);

                     break;

                 case 'center':

                     $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);

                     $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);

                     break;

                 case 'east':

                     $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;

                     $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);

                     break;

                 case 'south_west':

                     $crop_x=0;

                     $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;

                     break;

                 case 'south':

                     $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);

                     $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;

                     break;

                 case 'south_east':

                     $crop_x=$src_width-$crop_w;

                     $crop_y=$src_height-$crop_h;

                     break;

                 default:

                     $crop_x=intval(($src_width-$crop_w)/2);

                     $crop_y=intval(($src_height-$crop_h)/2);

             }

             $image=$this->image;

             $canvas=new Imagick();

             if($this->type=='gif'){

                 $images=$image->coalesceImages();

                 foreach($images as $frame){

                     $img=new Imagick();

                     $img->readImageBlob($frame);

                     $img->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);

                     $img->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

                     $canvas->addImage($img);

                     $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

                     $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);

                 }

             }else{

                 $image->cropImage($crop_w,$crop_h,$crop_x,$crop_y);

                 $image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,true);

                 $canvas->addImage($image);

                 $canvas->setImagePage($width,$height,0,0);

             }

             $image->destroy();

             $this->image=$canvas;

         }

     }

     /**

         添加圖片水印

         參數:

             $path:水印圖片(包含完整路徑)

             $x,$y:水印座標

     /**/

     public function add_watermark($path,$x=0,$y=0){

         $watermark=new Imagick($path);

         $draw=new ImagickDraw();

         $draw->composite($watermark->getImageCompose(),$x,$y,$watermark->getImageWidth(),$watermark->getimageheight(),$watermark);

         if($this->type=='gif'){

             $image=$this->image;

             $canvas=new Imagick();

             $images=$image->coalesceImages();

             foreach($image as $frame){

                 $img=new Imagick();

                 $img->readImageBlob($frame);

                 $img->drawImage($draw);

                 $canvas->addImage($img);

                 $canvas->setImageDelay($img->getImageDelay());

             }

             $image->destroy();

             $this->image=$canvas;

         }else{

             $this->image->drawImage($draw);

         }

     }

     /**

         添加文字水印

         參數:

             $text:水印文字

             $x,$y:水印座標

     /**/

     public function add_text($text,$x=0,$y=0,$angle=0,$style=array()){

         $draw=new ImagickDraw();

         if(isset($style['font'])) $draw->setFont($style['font']);

         if(isset($style['font_size'])) $draw->setFontSize($style['font_size']);

         if(isset($style['fill_color'])) $draw->setFillColor($style['fill_color']);

         if(isset($style['under_color'])) $draw->setTextUnderColor($style['under_color']);

         if($this->type=='gif'){

             foreach($this->image as $frame){

                 $frame->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);

             }

         }else{

             $this->image->annotateImage($draw,$x,$y,$angle,$text);

         }

     }

     /**

         圖片存檔

         參數:

             $path:存檔的位置和新的檔案名

     /**/

     public function save_to($path){

         $this->image->stripImage();

         switch($this->type){

         case 'gif':

             $this->image->writeImages($path,true);

             return ;

         case 'jpg':

         case 'jpeg':

             $this->image->setImageCompressionQuality($_ENV['ImgQ']);

             $this->image->writeImage($path);

             return ;

         case 'png':

             $flag = $this->image->getImageAlphaChannel();

             // 如果png背景不透明則壓縮

             if(imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_UNDEFINED == $flag or imagick::ALPHACHANNEL_DEACTIVATE == $flag){

                 $this->image->setImageType(imagick::IMGTYPE_PALETTE);

                 $this->image->writeImage($path);

             }else{

                 $this->image->writeImage($path);

             }unset($flag);

             return ;

         default:

             $this->image->writeImage($path);

             return ;

         }

     }

     // 直接輸出圖像到螢幕

     public function output($header=true){

         if($header) header('Content-type: '.$this->type);

         echo $this->image->getImagesBlob();

     }

     /**

         建立縮小圖

         $fit為真時,將保持比例並在$width X $height内產生縮小圖

     /**/

     public function thumbnail($width=100,$height=100,$fit=true){$this->image->thumbnailImage($width,$height,$fit);}

     /**

         給圖像添加邊框

         $width: 左右邊框寬度

         $height: 上下邊框寬度

         $color: 顏色

     /**/

     public function border($width,$height,$color='rgb(220,220,220)'){

         $color=new ImagickPixel();

         $color->setColor($color);

         $this->image->borderImage($color,$width,$height);

     }

     //取得圖像寬度

     public function get_width(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['width'];}

     //取得圖像高度

     public function get_height(){$size=$this->image->getImagePage();return $size['height'];}

     // 設置圖像類型

     public function set_type($type='png'){$this->type=$type;$this->image->setImageFormat($type);}

     // 取得圖像類型

     public function get_type(){return $this->type;}

     public function blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->blurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 模糊

     public function gaussian_blur($radius,$sigma){$this->image->gaussianBlurImage($radius,$sigma);} // 高斯模糊

     public function motion_blur($radius,$sigma,$angle){$this->image->motionBlurImage($radius,$sigma,$angle);} // 運動模糊

     public function radial_blur($radius){$this->image->radialBlurImage($radius);} // 徑向模糊

     public function add_noise($type=null){$this->image->addNoiseImage($type==null?imagick::NOISE_IMPULSE:$type);} // 添加噪點

     public function level($black_point,$gamma,$white_point){$this->image->levelImage($black_point,$gamma,$white_point);} // 調整色階

     public function modulate($brightness,$saturation,$hue){$this->image->modulateImage($brightness,$saturation,$hue);} // 調整亮度,飽和度,色調

     public function charcoal($radius,$sigma){$this->image->charcoalImage($radius,$sigma);} // 素描效果

     public function oil_paint($radius){$this->image->oilPaintImage($radius);} // 油畫效果

     public function flop(){$this->image->flopImage();} // 水平翻轉

     public function flip(){$this->image->flipImage();} // 垂直翻轉

 }

狀況二的解決辦法如下:

首先用/usr/local/imagemagick/bin/convert -version指令查看一下輸出內容是否已經開啟了多線程,Features:的值為空說明是單線程,如果Features:的值是openMP說明是多線程.imagick的多線程模式有一個bug,他會導致多核心的cpu使用率瞬間飆升到100%.所以一定要使用它的單線程模式才行.

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org

Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC

Features:

上邊是我配置正確時顯示的結果,如果沒有配置正確會顯示下邊的結果

Version: ImageMagick 6.7.1-2 2014-05-29 Q16 http://www.imagemagick.org

Copyright: Copyright (C) 1999-2011 ImageMagick Studio LLC

Features: openMP

第一種結果是單線程模式,第二種結果是多線程模式,因為imagick的多線程模式有bug,所以如果您剛開始是用多線程模式安裝的imagick那就必須要yum remove imagemagick將其卸載掉重新安裝才行.

經過重寫class,重裝imagick之後一切正常,而且處理圖像的效能比之以前有了大幅提升

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