NFS配置
2024-08-27 10:14:11
一，配置nfs服务端
nfs服务端IP：192.168.1.10
1，安装nfs
[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y nfs-utils
Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
cdrom | 4.1 kB ::
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nfs-utils.x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtirpc >= 0.2.- for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libevent for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnfsidmap for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: quota for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: rpcbind for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libevent-2.0.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnfsidmap.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libtirpc.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libevent.x86_64 :2.0.-.el7 will be installed
---> Package libnfsidmap.x86_64 :0.25-.el7 will be installed
---> Package libtirpc.x86_64 :0.2.-0.3.el7 will be installed
---> Package quota.x86_64 :4.01-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: quota-nls = :4.01-.el7 for package: :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: tcp_wrappers for package: :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64
---> Package rpcbind.x86_64 :0.2.-.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package quota-nls.noarch :4.01-.el7 will be installed
---> Package tcp_wrappers.x86_64 :7.6-.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ============================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
============================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
nfs-utils x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 cdrom k
Installing for dependencies:
libevent x86_64 2.0.-.el7 cdrom k
libnfsidmap x86_64 0.25-.el7 cdrom k
libtirpc x86_64 0.2.-0.3.el7 cdrom k
quota x86_64 :4.01-.el7 cdrom k
quota-nls noarch :4.01-.el7 cdrom k
rpcbind x86_64 0.2.-.el7 cdrom k
tcp_wrappers x86_64 7.6-.el7 cdrom k Transaction Summary
============================================================================================================================================================================
Install Package (+ Dependent packages) Total download size: 1.1 M
Installed size: 3.4 M
Downloading packages:
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total MB/s | 1.1 MB ::
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libtirpc-0.2.-0.3.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : rpcbind-0.2.-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :quota-nls-4.01-.el7.noarch /
Installing : tcp_wrappers-7.6-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : libevent-2.0.-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : libnfsidmap-0.25-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libtirpc-0.2.-0.3.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libnfsidmap-0.25-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libevent-2.0.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : tcp_wrappers-7.6-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : :quota-nls-4.01-.el7.noarch /
Verifying : :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : rpcbind-0.2.-.el7.x86_64 / Installed:
nfs-utils.x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 Dependency Installed:
libevent.x86_64 :2.0.-.el7 libnfsidmap.x86_64 :0.25-.el7 libtirpc.x86_64 :0.2.-0.3.el7 quota.x86_64 :4.01-.el7 quota-nls.noarch :4.01-.el7
rpcbind.x86_64 :0.2.-.el7 tcp_wrappers.x86_64 :7.6-.el7 Complete!
2，配置nfs服务端
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /nfs //创建共享目录
[root@localhost nfs]# vim /etc/exports /nfs 192.168..* (rw,sync,root_squash) //分别是共享目录、允许访问的客户端、权限（读写、同步内存和硬盘数据、映射root用户为匿名用户）
3，启动nfs服务端
[root@localhost nfs]# systemctl is-enabled nfs-server //查看"nfs-server"是否开机启动
disabled
[root@localhost nfs]# systemctl enable nfs-server //将"nfs-server"加入开机启动
ln -s '/usr/lib/systemd/system/nfs-server.service' '/etc/systemd/system/nfs.target.wants/nfs-server.service'
[root@localhost nfs]# systemctl is-enabled rpcbind //查看"rpcbind"是否加入开机启动，"nfs-server"依赖于"rpcbind"
enabled
[root@localhost nfs]# systemctl restart rpcbind
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e //查看是否共享成功
Export list for localhost.localdomain:
/nfs (everyone)
二，通过客户端验证
1，安装nfs-utils
[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install nfs-utils
Loaded plugins: product-id, subscription-manager
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package nfs-utils.x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: libtirpc >= 0.2.- for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libevent for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnfsidmap for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: quota for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: rpcbind for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libevent-2.0.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libnfsidmap.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libtirpc.so.()(64bit) for package: :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package libevent.x86_64 :2.0.-.el7 will be installed
---> Package libnfsidmap.x86_64 :0.25-.el7 will be installed
---> Package libtirpc.x86_64 :0.2.-0.3.el7 will be installed
---> Package quota.x86_64 :4.01-.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: quota-nls = :4.01-.el7 for package: :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: tcp_wrappers for package: :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64
---> Package rpcbind.x86_64 :0.2.-.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package quota-nls.noarch :4.01-.el7 will be installed
---> Package tcp_wrappers.x86_64 :7.6-.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
nfs-utils x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 cdrom k
Installing for dependencies:
libevent x86_64 2.0.-.el7 cdrom k
libnfsidmap x86_64 0.25-.el7 cdrom k
libtirpc x86_64 0.2.-0.3.el7 cdrom k
quota x86_64 :4.01-.el7 cdrom k
quota-nls noarch :4.01-.el7 cdrom k
rpcbind x86_64 0.2.-.el7 cdrom k
tcp_wrappers x86_64 7.6-.el7 cdrom k Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install Package (+ Dependent packages) Total download size: 1.1 M
Installed size: 3.4 M
Downloading packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total MB/s | 1.1 MB :
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Installing : libtirpc-0.2.-0.3.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : rpcbind-0.2.-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :quota-nls-4.01-.el7.noarch /
Installing : tcp_wrappers-7.6-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : libevent-2.0.-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : libnfsidmap-0.25-.el7.x86_64 /
Installing : :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : :nfs-utils-1.3.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libtirpc-0.2.-0.3.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libnfsidmap-0.25-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : libevent-2.0.-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : tcp_wrappers-7.6-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : :quota-nls-4.01-.el7.noarch /
Verifying : :quota-4.01-.el7.x86_64 /
Verifying : rpcbind-0.2.-.el7.x86_64 / Installed:
nfs-utils.x86_64 :1.3.-.el7 Dependency Installed:
libevent.x86_64 :2.0.-.el7 libnfsidmap.x86_64 :0.25-.el7
libtirpc.x86_64 :0.2.-0.3.el7 quota.x86_64 :4.01-.el7
quota-nls.noarch :4.01-.el7 rpcbind.x86_64 :0.2.-.el7
tcp_wrappers.x86_64 :7.6-.el7 Complete!
2，启动"rpcbind"和"nfs-server"，并加入开机启动
3，挂载服务端的nfs共享目录"/nfs"到客户端"/mnt/nfs"下
[root@localhost ~]# showmount -e 192.168.1.10 //查看可用共享文件
Export list for 192.168.1.10:
/nfs (everyone)
[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/nfs
[root@localhost ~]# mount -t nfs 192.168.1.10:/nfs /mnt/nfs
[root@localhost ~]# ls /mnt/nfs/ [root@localhost ~]# cat /mnt/nfs/
hello
或者将挂载信息写入"/etc/fstab"中，开机自动挂载
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/fstab #
# /etc/fstab
# Created by anaconda on Sat Feb ::
#
# Accessible filesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'
# See man pages fstab(), findfs(), mount() and/or blkid() for more info
#
/dev/mapper/rhel-root / xfs defaults
UUID=8d922f42-25a9-42aa-aee2-6e29b1ac7f1a /boot xfs defaults
/dev/mapper/rhel-swap swap swap defaults
/dev/cdrom /media/cdrom iso9660 defaults
192.168.1.10:/nfs /mnt/nfs nfs defaults
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